Advances in Vaccine Delivery and Vaccine Administration

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Drug Delivery and Controlled Release".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 488

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
Interests: vaccine development; nanoparticles; infectious diseases; novel drug delivery methods; immunology; kinetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
Interests: therapeutic product immunogenicity; immunogenicity; vaccines; infectious diseases; drug delivery systems; immunology; antigen–antibody interactions; kinetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vaccination is crucial for preventing infections by providing protection against invading pathogens. Recent advancements in vaccine delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles, have enabled the efficient delivery of mRNA and vaccine antigens, resulting in enhanced vaccine efficacy. It is vital to develop vaccines that can trigger a strong immune response, characterized by both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, long-lasting protection, and immune memory. Vaccine delivery systems not only protect the vaccine cargo but also improve the delivery of vaccine antigens to target cells, thus enhancing vaccine-induced immunity. However, further research is needed to fully utilize these delivery systems for all types of vaccine antigens. Moreover, there is a need for improved vaccine administration systems that are more patient-friendly and cost-effective. Developments in vaccine administration strategies, such as microneedle vaccination, oral vaccination, and intranasal vaccination, have made them more patient-friendly, but the production of such vaccines remains challenging.

This Special Issue will spotlight recent advancements in vaccine delivery methods and innovative vaccine administration systems, providing readers with the most up-to-date research findings in the field of vaccine development.

Prof. Dr. Martin J. D'Souza
Dr. Sharon Vijayanand
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vaccine delivery
  • vaccination
  • vaccine immunity
  • humoral immune response
  • cell-mediated immunity
  • infectious diseases
  • vaccine administration
  • novel routes of vaccination
  • nanoparticles

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

25 pages, 1758 KiB  
Review
Leaf Saponins of Quillaja brasiliensis as Powerful Vaccine Adjuvants
by Víctor Morais, Norma Suarez, Samuel Cibulski and Fernando Silveira
Pharmaceutics 2025, 17(8), 966; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17080966 - 25 Jul 2025
Viewed by 302
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are non-immunogenic agents that enhance or modulate immune responses to co-administered antigens and are essential to modern vaccines. Despite their importance, few are approved for human use. The rise of new pathogens and limited efficacy of some existing vaccines underscore the [...] Read more.
Vaccine adjuvants are non-immunogenic agents that enhance or modulate immune responses to co-administered antigens and are essential to modern vaccines. Despite their importance, few are approved for human use. The rise of new pathogens and limited efficacy of some existing vaccines underscore the need for more advanced and effective formulations, particularly for vulnerable populations. Aluminum-based adjuvants are commonly used in vaccines and effectively promote humoral immunity. However, they mainly induce a Th2-biased response, making them suboptimal for diseases requiring cell-mediated immunity. In contrast, saponin-based adjuvants from the Quillajaceae family elicit a more balanced Th1/Th2 response and generate antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL). Due to ecological damage and limited availability caused by overharvesting Quillaja saponaria Molina barks, efforts have intensified to identify alternative plant-derived saponins with enhanced efficacy and lower toxicity. Quillaja brasiliensis (A.St.-Hil. and Tul.) Mart. (syn. Quillaja lancifolia D.Don), a related species native to South America, is considered a promising renewable source of Quillajaceae saponins. In this review, we highlight recent advances in vaccine adjuvant research, with a particular focus on saponins extracted from Q. brasiliensis leaves as a sustainable alternative to Q. saponaria saponins. These saponin fractions are structurally and functionally comparable, exhibiting similar adjuvant activity when they were formulated with different viral antigens. An alternative application involves formulating saponins into nanoparticles known as ISCOMs (immune-stimulating complexes) or ISCOM-matrices. These formulations significantly reduce hemolytic activity while preserving strong immunoadjuvant properties. Therefore, research advances using saponin-based adjuvants (SBA) derived from Q. brasiliensis and their incorporation into new vaccine platforms may represent a viable and sustainable solution for the development of more less reactogenic, safer, and effective vaccines, especially for diseases that require a robust cellular immunity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Vaccine Delivery and Vaccine Administration)
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