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New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework:...
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New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Strategies for Eradication

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 3369

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Uriel Alberto Angulo-Zamudio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico
Interests: antibiotic resistance; infectious diseases; epidemiology; public health; molecular biology
Dr. Vicente Adrián Canizalez-Román

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80246, Mexico
Interests: molecular biology; microbiology; antimicrobials; Staphylococcus; antibiotics
Prof. Dr. Nidia M. León-Sicairos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Unit for Research, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacan 80246, Mexico
2. Department of Research, Pediatric Hospital of Sinaloa, Secretary of Health, Culiacan 80246, Mexico
Interests: proteins and peptides with antimicrobial and antitumor properties; cell biology; microbiology; infectious diseases; vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antibiotic resistance in pathogens is a major public health concern. The risk of mortality increases significantly when infections are caused by highly antibiotic-resistant organisms. However, antibiotic resistance is not limited to pathogens isolated from humans; it is also found in those isolated from both domestic and wild animals, as well as from environmental sources such as water, food and other vectors. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in human medicine, agriculture and veterinary practice has contributed to a dramatic rise in resistance, reaching levels that were once thought unimaginable. Due to its profound impact on global health, antibiotic resistance is now recognized as a silent pandemic.

Considering these challenges, this Special Issue aims to advance the field by highlighting the most relevant and novel research on epidemiology, mechanisms and strategies for the eradication of antibiotic-resistant pathogens isolated from humans, animals and the environment within the One Health framework.

We warmly invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. We are excited about the opportunity to share your valuable research with our readers and the broader scientific community.

Dr. Uriel Alberto Angulo-Zamudio
Dr. Vicente Adrián Canizalez-Román
Prof. Dr. Nidia M. León-Sicairos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotic resistance
  • pathogens
  • pandemic
  • epidemiology
  • one health

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2887 KB  
Article
Survey of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Rivers in Japan, Indonesia and Nepal
by Kayo Osawa, Ryohei Nomoto, Takashi Suzuki, Taishi Maeda, Ganesh Rai, Shouhiro Kinoshita, Noriko Nakanishi, Dadik Raharjo, Masanori Kameoka, Masato Fujisawa, Shiba Kumar Rai, Kuntaman Kuntaman and Toshiro Shirakawa
Pathogens 2026, 15(3), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15030317 - 15 Mar 2026
Viewed by 653
Abstract
The threat of antimicrobial resistance in aquatic environments, particularly riverine systems, is escalating, in part due to effluents discharged from healthcare facilities. This issue has been recognized not only in Japan but also in other Asian countries such as Indonesia and Nepal. Nevertheless, [...] Read more.
The threat of antimicrobial resistance in aquatic environments, particularly riverine systems, is escalating, in part due to effluents discharged from healthcare facilities. This issue has been recognized not only in Japan but also in other Asian countries such as Indonesia and Nepal. Nevertheless, existing research remains limited, prompting an investigation into the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in the upstream and downstream sites of environmental rivers. In 2024, six samples were collected from three rivers in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan; five samples from five river sites in Indonesia; and three samples from downstream sites of rivers in Kathmandu, Nepal. These samples were subjected to selective culture–based Next Generation Sequencing and resistome analyses, based exclusively on the selective culture of bacteria propagated on CHROMagar ESBL plates. In Japan and Indonesia, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Acinetobacter were frequently detected, whereas Klebsiella was overwhelmingly predominant in Nepal. Significant differences in the similarity of bacterial community composition among sampling sites across the three countries were observed (p < 0.001). Notably, Nepal exhibited the highest abundance level of antimicrobial resistance genes among the three countries, largely consisting of β-lactam resistance genes. In conclusion, these analyses elucidated substantial differences in bacterial community composition and degrees of environmental contamination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Strategies for Eradication)
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19 pages, 2230 KB  
Article
Prevalence of Biofilm-Forming and Antibiotic-Resistant Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Hospitalized Patients in an Orthopedic Clinic
by Tatiana Szabóová, Gabriela Gregová, Ján Király, Nikola Dančová, Vanda Hajdučková, Patrícia Hudecová, Simona Hisirová, Peter Polan and Viera Lovayová
Pathogens 2026, 15(1), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15010120 - 21 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 834
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are a major cause of infectious diseases, owing to their ability to form biofilms and colonize community and hospital environments. MRCoNS strains were identified using biochemical tests, an MALDI-TOF MS analyzer, and PCR-based 16S rRNA gene confirmation. This study [...] Read more.
Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are a major cause of infectious diseases, owing to their ability to form biofilms and colonize community and hospital environments. MRCoNS strains were identified using biochemical tests, an MALDI-TOF MS analyzer, and PCR-based 16S rRNA gene confirmation. This study was designed to assess antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming capacity and to determine the presence of the mecA, mecC, agrA, srtA, icaABCD, bap, fnbAB, and clfAB genes in MRCoNS isolates. From patients undergoing random screening during hospitalization in the Orthopedics Clinic in Slovakia, 28 strains of MRCoNS were identified: S. epidermidis (n = 10), S. hominis (n = 8), S. haemolyticus (n = 4), S. lugdunensis (n = 3), while S. simulans, S. pasteuri, and S. warneri were detected only once. The highest rates of resistance were observed for ampicillin, oxacillin, rifampicin, trimethoprim (100%), and erythromycin (62%). The mecA gene was detected in 12 analyzed isolates. In 12 isolates, MDR, strong efflux pump activity, and strong or moderate biofilm formation were simultaneously detected. Our findings highlight the problems posed by biofilm-forming, resistant CoNS in hospitalized patients and the importance of diagnostics, separation, rapid treatment, and proper hospital hygiene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Strategies for Eradication)
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16 pages, 279 KB  
Article
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics Associated with Antimicrobial-Resistant Urinary Tract Infections in Outpatient and Inpatient Settings: A Retrospective Study from Northwestern Mexico
by Jose Monroy-Higuera, Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio, Nidia Leon-Sicairos, Hector Flores-Villaseñor, Jorge Velazquez-Roman, Ernesto Ruiz-Trejo, Julio Medina-Serrano, Francisco Castro-Apodaca, Gabriela Tapia-Pastrana and Adrian Canizalez-Roman
Pathogens 2026, 15(1), 92; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15010092 - 14 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1008
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections (UTIs) poses a critical public health challenge, yet comparative data between outpatient and inpatient settings remain limited, particularly in Latin America. This study characterized the epidemiology, microbiology, and resistance patterns of UTIs in northwestern Mexico. A retrospective [...] Read more.
Antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections (UTIs) poses a critical public health challenge, yet comparative data between outpatient and inpatient settings remain limited, particularly in Latin America. This study characterized the epidemiology, microbiology, and resistance patterns of UTIs in northwestern Mexico. A retrospective analysis of 1041 patients with UTI (May–November 2024) was conducted. Microorganism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined using the MicroScan WalkAway system in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Results: Outpatients accounted for 80.5% of cases and inpatients for 19.4%, with a 3.1% mortality rate. Escherichia coli predominated (62.9%), with a significant association with outpatients (p = 0.02), whereas Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter spp., Candida tropicalis, and C. albicans were associated with inpatients (p < 0.05). Pediatric patients exhibited distinctive microbiological profiles: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.7% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.032), Enterococcus faecalis (33.3% vs. 16.2%, p = 0.001), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (26.6% vs. 6.5%, p = 0.027) were significantly more prevalent than in adults. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 27.1% of isolates, and extensive drug resistance (XDR) in 3.2%. XDR was associated with Gram-positive bacteria (12.2% vs. 1.4%, p < 0.001). Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) were identified in 0.9% (7/772) of cases, with 42.9% occurring in outpatients. Hospitalization (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.43–2.83), surgical services (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.02–1.97), and recent surgery (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.04–5.39) were independent predictors of MDR/XDR infections. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the emergence of CRE within the community and distinctive pediatric resistance patterns, underscoring the need for tailored antimicrobial stewardship strategies in this region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Strategies for Eradication)

Review

Jump to: Research

29 pages, 1022 KB  
Review
Paleopathology Meets Public Health: Deep-Time Syndemics and the Ecology of Emerging Infections
by Hisham F. Bahmad, Ghassan Ghssein, Marwan Bahmad, Tarec K. Elajami, Irman Forghani, Claudio Tuda and Roberto Ruiz-Cordero
Pathogens 2026, 15(5), 543; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15050543 - 18 May 2026
Viewed by 216
Abstract
Why do pandemics keep emerging despite decades of surveillance and response? Paleopathology, the study of disease traces in ancient remains, has been revolutionized by ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Reconstructing pathogen genomes from archaeological material enables the identification of extinct [...] Read more.
Why do pandemics keep emerging despite decades of surveillance and response? Paleopathology, the study of disease traces in ancient remains, has been revolutionized by ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Reconstructing pathogen genomes from archaeological material enables the identification of extinct lineages, the refinement of disease chronologies, and the characterization of long-term host-pathogen co-evolution. This provides context for public health challenges, including the emergence of pandemics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Infectious diseases are increasingly understood as complex phenomena arising from biological, ecological, and sociopolitical forces. Integrating paleopathology, aDNA, and paleomicrobiology supports a deep-time syndemic framework, revealing how recurring biosocial drivers have structured infectious disease risk throughout history. Ancient resistome studies demonstrate that AMR predates modern antibiotic use, reframing resistance as an intrinsic ecological feature rather than solely a modern phenomenon. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reaffirmed how infection intersects with chronic disease, health system fragility, and social inequities. This review highlights how integrating evolutionary perspectives into One Health shifts surveillance from a reactive approach to upstream risk mitigation and spillover prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Within the One Health Framework: Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Strategies for Eradication)
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