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Impact of Weight Loss on Appetite Control

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 May 2022) | Viewed by 8283

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Obesity Research Group, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
2. Centre for Obesity Research, Department of Surgery, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: appetite; weight loss; weight regain; ketogenic diets; metabolic adaptation; energy expenditure

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Weight loss induced by energy restricted diets or exercise leads to significant changes in both the homeostatic and the hedonic appetite control systems, which can impact both weight loss and weight loss maintenance outcomes. Regardless of how weight loss is achieved, an increase in the secretion of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin is seen, in parallel with increased feelings of hunger. The impact of weight loss on the release of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK), collectively known as satiety hormones, is less understood and conflicting results may be a result of inconsistencies in the hormonal fractions measured. Interestingly, ketogenic diets seem to prevent the increase in ghrelin secretion and hunger feelings otherwise seen with weight loss. Fewer studies have focused on how weight loss impacts on the hedonic appetitive control system, in particular hedonic hunger and liking and wanting for food.

The objective of this Special Issue on “Impact of weight loss induced by diet or exercise on appetite control” is to publish selected manuscripts detailing how weight loss induced by energy restricted diets, both ketogenic and non-ketogenic, or exercise impact both the homeostatic and the hedonic appetite control systems.

Thank you very much for your contribution!

Prof. Dr. Catia Martins
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Appetite
  • Hunger
  • Ghrelin
  • Satiety
  • Weight loss
  • Diet
  • Ketogenic diets
  • Exercise
  • Physical activity

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 1853 KiB  
Article
Does a Higher Protein Diet Promote Satiety and Weight Loss Independent of Carbohydrate Content? An 8-Week Low-Energy Diet (LED) Intervention
by Jia Jiet Lim, Yutong Liu, Louise Weiwei Lu, Daniel Barnett, Ivana R. Sequeira and Sally D. Poppitt
Nutrients 2022, 14(3), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030538 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 7711
Abstract
Both higher protein (HP) and lower carbohydrate (LC) diets may promote satiety and enhance body weight (BW) loss. This study investigated whether HP can promote these outcomes independent of carbohydrate (CHO) content. 121 women with obesity (BW: 95.1 ± 13.0 kg, BMI: 35.4 [...] Read more.
Both higher protein (HP) and lower carbohydrate (LC) diets may promote satiety and enhance body weight (BW) loss. This study investigated whether HP can promote these outcomes independent of carbohydrate (CHO) content. 121 women with obesity (BW: 95.1 ± 13.0 kg, BMI: 35.4 ± 3.9 kg/m2) were randomised to either HP (1.2 g/kg BW) or normal protein (NP, 0.8 g/kg BW) diets, in combination with either LC (28 en%) or normal CHO (NC, 40 en%) diets. A low-energy diet partial diet replacement (LEDpdr) regime was used for 8 weeks, where participants consumed fixed-energy meal replacements plus one ad libitum meal daily. Four-day dietary records showed that daily energy intake (EI) was similar between groups (p = 0.744), but the difference in protein and CHO between groups was lower than expected. Following multiple imputation (completion rate 77%), decrease in mean BW, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) at Week 8 in all was 7.5 ± 0.7 kg (p < 0.001), 5.7 ± 0.5 kg (p < 0.001), and 1.4 ± 0.7 kg (p = 0.054) respectively, but with no significant difference between diet groups. LC (CHO×Week, p < 0.05), but not HP, significantly promoted postprandial satiety during a preload challenge. Improvements in blood biomarkers were unrelated to LEDpdr macronutrient composition. In conclusion, HP did not promote satiety and BW loss compared to NP LEDpdr, irrespective of CHO content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Weight Loss on Appetite Control)
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