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Nutrients
Special Issues
Nutritional Requirements and Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Pediatric Care
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Nutritional Requirements and Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Pediatric Care

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2024 | Viewed by 1338

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Janusz Ksiazyk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Al. Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: medical nutrition; prevention of cholestasis; ordering parenteral nutrition; home parenteral nutrition; home enteral nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of NUTRIENTS aims to present new findings on patients who need to be fed parenterally or by a gastrointestinal route.

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is one of the most significant advances in modern medicine, providing a life-sustaining option in situations where adequate oral or enteral nutrition is unavailable due to impaired gastrointestinal function. PN is a life-saving therapy for patients with bowel insufficiency and Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) who need it throughout their lives. There is something passionate about the fact that entirely non-physiological substrate delivery via the parenteral route can live and allows, in the case of long-term home feeding, regular activity and only slightly reduces the quality of life. The advances in formulations and venous access have reduced the risk of complications.

Continued progress in enteral nutrition is also significant. Recent evidence has suggested that enteral nutrition may alter the composition of the gut microbiome, which plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and cancer development/treatment, among others. Home enteral nutrition is also necessary regarding patient health, quality of life, and cost reductions for the healthcare system. However, progress has yet to be made, which continues all the time, and it is a challenge for us to keep track of discoveries and experiences that can be applied to medical practice.

We hope that the publications presented here will contribute to a better understanding of the problems behind medical nutrition and increase the use of this procedure in children who would be deprived under the conditions of their disease to survive and live.

Prof. Dr. Janusz Ksiazyk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • parenteral nutrition
  • enteral nutrition
  • preterm infants
  • intensive care
  • chronic intestinal failure

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2122 KiB  
Article
Metabolomic Alterations of Volatile Organic Compounds and Bile Acids as Biomarkers of Microbial Shifts in a Murine Model of Short Bowel Syndrome
by Vanessa Wolfschluckner, Beate Obermüller, Angela Horvath, Giovanny Rodriguez-Blanco, Patricia Fuchs, Wolfram Miekisch, Barbara Mittl, Christina Flucher, Holger Till and Georg Singer
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4949; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234949 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1007
Abstract
Pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare condition characterized by a massive loss of the small intestine, leading to the inability to meet nutritional requirements without the use of parenteral or enteral supplementation. SBS causes profound alterations in the intestinal microbiome and [...] Read more.
Pediatric short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare condition characterized by a massive loss of the small intestine, leading to the inability to meet nutritional requirements without the use of parenteral or enteral supplementation. SBS causes profound alterations in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome. The aim of this study was a detailed assessment of the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in a murine model of SBS. We performed a 60% proximal small bowel resection versus a sham operation in C57BL/6 mice. Four weeks postoperatively, the microbial communities of different intestinal segments (jejunum, ileum, colon) and stool were assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bile acids in serum and stool and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the fecal headspace were assessed using LC-MS and GC-MS techniques. The α-diversity of the different intestinal segments did not significantly differ between the two groups. β-diversity significantly differed between sham and SBS mice. While in the jejunum, Faecalibaculum was significantly increased in SBS animals, a significant reduction in Lactobacillus and Sporosarcina was detected in the ileum of SBS mice. In the colon of SBS mice, a significant decrease in Ruminococcaceae and a significant increase in Proteobacteria such as Faecalibaculum and Escherichia-Shigella were found. Serum levels of deoxycholic, taurocholic and taurochenodeoxycholic acids were significantly higher in the SBS group. Of the 29 VOCs tested, hexane, isoflurane and pentane were significantly higher in the SBS group, and pyrrole was significantly lower. We were able to show that SBS causes shifts in the murine intestinal microbiome and metabolome including serum BAs and fecal VOCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Requirements and Enteral/Parenteral Nutrition in Pediatric Care)
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