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Plant-Forward Dietary Approaches Among Populations at High Risk of Metabolic Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 1020

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Food Studies and Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
Interests: aging; health disparities; woman's health; diet quality; dietary proteins; biomarkers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiometabolic risk (CMR)—encompassing obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose regulation—remains a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality, with a disproportionate burden borne by populations at elevated risk of metabolic disease, including racial and ethnic minority groups as well as individuals facing structural and socioeconomic disadvantages. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that plant-forward dietary patterns—emphasizing minimally processed plant foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds, while limiting refined carbohydrates and animal-based products—are associated with more favorable cardiometabolic profiles across diverse and high-risk populations.

This Special Issue will highlight emerging evidence on plant-forward dietary approaches and their mechanistic, clinical, and population-level effects on metabolic health, with particular attention to health disparities, cultural context, and lived environments. Contributions may include observational studies, clinical trials, narrative or systematic reviews, and translational research examining plant-forward dietary patterns, phytochemical-rich foods, dietary quality indices, biomarkers, and cardiometabolic outcomes such as inflammation, adiposity, lipid profiles, glucose regulation, insulin sensitivity, and blood pressure.

Emphasis will be placed on culturally grounded and feasible dietary strategies—including vegetarian and plant-based patterns, traditional and Indigenous foodways, and culturally adapted plant-forward interventions—that support metabolic health while addressing social, environmental, and structural barriers to dietary adoption. Collectively, this Special Issue aims to advance evidence-based, equitable nutrition strategies that reduce cardiometabolic disease risk across the life course, particularly among populations most vulnerable to metabolic dysfunction.

Dr. Jeannette M. Beasley
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant-forward diets
  • cardiometabolic risk
  • metabolic disease prevention
  • health disparities
  • racial and ethnic minority populations
  • dietary patterns
  • plant-based nutrition
  • cultural foodways
  • insulin resistance
  • obesity and metabolic health
  • cardiovascular risk factors
  • nutritional equity
  • phytochemicals
  • social determinants of health
  • translational nutrition research

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 931 KB  
Review
Plant-Forward Dietary Approaches to Reduce the Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease Among Hispanic/Latinx Adults Living in the United States: A Narrative Review
by Franze De La Calle, Joanna Bagienska and Jeannette M. Beasley
Nutrients 2026, 18(2), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18020220 - 10 Jan 2026
Viewed by 746
Abstract
Background: Cardiometabolic risk (CMR), including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose regulation, disproportionately affects Hispanic/Latinx adults in the United States (U.S.). Although plant-forward dietary patterns are established as cardioprotective, less is known about how dietary patterns within Hispanic/Latinx subgroups relate to CMR. [...] Read more.
Background: Cardiometabolic risk (CMR), including obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose regulation, disproportionately affects Hispanic/Latinx adults in the United States (U.S.). Although plant-forward dietary patterns are established as cardioprotective, less is known about how dietary patterns within Hispanic/Latinx subgroups relate to CMR. Methods: A narrative review was conducted of observational studies among U.S. Hispanic/Latinx adults (≥18 years) examining defined dietary patterns (a priori, a posteriori, or hybrid) in relation to CMR outcomes (e.g., BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, lipids). Risk of bias was assessed using an adapted version of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, including Seventh-day Adventist Latinx, Puerto Rican adults, Mexican American adults, Hispanic women, and a national Hispanic cohort. Plant-forward dietary patterns were associated with lower BMI and waist circumference, lower triglycerides and fasting glucose, and higher HDL-C. In contrast, energy-dense patterns characterized by refined grains, added sugars, processed meats, fried foods, solid fats, and sugar-sweetened beverages were associated with greater adiposity, poorer lipid profiles, and higher blood pressure. Traditional rice-and-beans–based patterns observed in Puerto Rican and Mexican American groups were associated with central adiposity and higher metabolic syndrome prevalence, despite modestly higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, and fiber. Study quality ranged from good (n = 4) to very good (n = 6). Conclusions: Across Hispanic/Latinx subgroups, plant-forward dietary patterns were associated with favorable cardiometabolic profiles, whereas refined and animal-based patterns aligned with higher CMR. Given the predominance of cross-sectional evidence, these findings should be interpreted as associative rather than causal. Culturally grounded dietary counseling, along with additional longitudinal and intervention studies, is needed to support cardiometabolic health in these populations. Full article
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