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Early-Life Nutrition and Metabolic Programming in Neonates: Endocrine Function and Related Clinical Outcomes

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2026 | Viewed by 487

Special Issue Editor

Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Interests: fetal and neonatal nutrition; maternal obesity; gestational diabetes; fetal growth restriction; neonatal glycaemia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Preterm infants face high risks of growth delays, nutrient deficiencies, and long-term metabolic and developmental complications. Early-life nutrition plays a critical role not only in supporting immediate growth and organ development but also in shaping metabolic programming, endocrine function, and long-term health trajectories. These outcomes include postnatal growth and body composition, glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, bone and mineral health, hormonal regulation, and later cardiometabolic risk. Evidence-based strategies, including optimized breastmilk feeding, fortification, and targeted supplementation, are essential for improving both short- and long-term outcomes in these high-risk infants.

This Special Issue aims to bring together research that advances understanding of how early nutritional interventions influence metabolic and endocrine pathways, growth, and clinical outcomes in neonates. We are interested in studies that integrate mechanistic, clinical, and population-level perspectives and that provide insights into translating this evidence into practice.

We welcome original research articles, reviews, and clinical guidelines. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Enteral and parenteral nutrition strategies and their effects on growth, body composition, and metabolic stability;
  • Nutrition supplementation and fortification approaches and their impact on endocrine and metabolic outcomes (e.g., glycaemic control and bone health);
  • Breastmilk feeding, donor milk, and human milk alternatives;
  • Early nutritional interventions and later metabolic and cardiometabolic outcomes;
  • Nutrigenomics and personalized nutrition strategies in neonates;
  • Implementation of nutritional guidelines in neonatal intensive care units;
  • Sociodemographic, cultural, and policy factors influencing neonatal nutrition and metabolic programming.

Dr. Luling Lin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • preterm infants
  • neonatal nutrition
  • metabolic programming
  • endocrine outcomes
  • growth and body composition
  • breastmilk feeding
  • fortification
  • supplementation
  • parenteral nutrition
  • enteral nutrition
  • nutrigenomics
  • cardiometabolic risk

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 4667 KB  
Article
Early Nutrition, Blood Amino Acids and Outcomes in Preterm Babies: Secondary Cohort Analysis of the ProVIDe RCT
by Barbara Cormack, Amelia van Duinen, Nadia Ford, Yannan Jiang, Mark de Hora, Natasha Heather and Frank Bloomfield
Nutrients 2026, 18(10), 1517; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18101517 - 9 May 2026
Viewed by 203
Abstract
Background: Providing optimal parenteral nutrition to extremely preterm babies in the first week after birth is challenging, and different strategies may be associated with both short- and long-term outcomes. Methods: In a secondary cohort analysis of the ProVIDe trial, a multicentre, randomised, controlled [...] Read more.
Background: Providing optimal parenteral nutrition to extremely preterm babies in the first week after birth is challenging, and different strategies may be associated with both short- and long-term outcomes. Methods: In a secondary cohort analysis of the ProVIDe trial, a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial in extremely-low-birthweight babies of increased amino acid intake in the first five days after birth, we explored the associations between parenteral amino acid and lipid intakes and blood spot amino acid concentrations, clinical outcomes and neurodevelopment. The cohort comprised 382 babies born in six New Zealand hospitals of whom 342 survived to 28 days. Nutritional intake data in the first week and newborn metabolic screening data on days 1, 5, 14, and 28 were retrieved, and 294 children were assessed for neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years’ corrected age. Results: Blood spot amino acid concentrations were positively associated with amino acid intake (p < 0.005). Higher amino acid intakes were associated with increased odds (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (tyrosine: OR 2.2, CI 1.2–3.9; proline: OR 2.3, CI 1.3–4.0), patent ductus arteriosus and probable sepsis. No significant associations were found for necrotising enterocolitis. Higher lipid intakes were associated with lower odds of intraventricular haemorrhage (0.33 [0.16, 0.66]), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (0.31 [0.13, 0.73]) and retinopathy of prematurity (0.29 [0.12, 0.72]). Unlike short-term outcomes, neurodevelopment did not differ according to blood spot or intake quartile for any amino acid in week 1. Conclusions: Parenteral nutritional intakes in the first week after birth are associated with short-term outcomes. Further research is needed to optimise the composition of amino acid solutions. Trial Registration: ACTRN12612001084875, (accessed on 10 October 2012). Full article
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