Prebiotics and Probiotics in the Management of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases
A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2021) | Viewed by 56728
Special Issue Editor
Interests: Gut microbiota; probiotics; inflammatory bowel diseases; metabolic diseases; immune regulation; microbial metabolites
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The mammalian gut is densely colonized by a complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem, composed of archeae, eukaryotes, viruses, and mainly bacteria. This gut microbiota plays a crucial role in shaping the host physiology, not only at the metabolic level but also by educating and regulating the immune system and protecting the gut barrier from invading pathogens. Even though the gut microbiota is highly resilient under physiological conditions, it can be altered temporarily or permanently, a process called dysbiosis, consequently disturbing intestinal homeostasis. Alterations in microbiota composition together with reduced bacterial diversity are frequently related to the development of intra- and extra-intestinal chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, type 1 and 2 diabetes, liver diseases, cancer, and allergy and neuronal disorders. Therefore, targeting microbiota dysbiosis is offering novel and attractive therapeutic approaches. With this Special Issue, we aim to provide an overview of the recent advances in the research concerning the use of prebiotics, which are non-digestible substances able to favor the growth and/or activity of health-promoting bacteria, and of probiotics, which are defined as “live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host”, in the management of inflammatory disorders. This will allow us to discuss their impact on the regulation of host physiology processes and, notably, their abilities to regulate immune responses and metabolic homeostasis and also neuro-inflammation and lung inflammation by acting on the gut–brain and gut–lung axes, respectively. Finally, we will present how the gut microbiota per se is now envisaged as a source of novel health-promoting bacteria and how the combination of pro- and pre-biotics, as potential synbiotics, is able to provide synergistic effects. It will be important to decipher the mechanisms involved and to identify potential bacterial metabolites. This could pave the way for the development of potential postbiotics able to promote beneficial biological activities and to bypass the difficulties in the regulatory issues of health claim applications of such nutritional intervention.
Despite numerous studies that have highlighted interesting results with such microbiota-targeting therapeutic approaches, major concerns remain to be addressed regarding the appropriate therapy and the selection criteria according to the host physiology, the targeted diseases, the impact of the diet, and the endogenous microbiota composition, leading to the concept of personalized therapy. Original research articles and reviews (systematic reviews and meta-analyses) are welcome.
Dr. Corinne Grangette
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- prebiotics
- probiotics
- symbiotics
- postbiotics
- live biotherapeutics
- gut microbiota
- chronic inflammatory diseases
- dysbiosis
- immune and metabolic homeostasis
- metabolites
- nutrition
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