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Nutrients
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Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function
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Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2019) | Viewed by 16886

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Antoni Pons

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: oxidative stress; inflammation; nitric oxide; oxylipins; exercise; metabolic syndrome;
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Miguel D. Ferrer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Science Laboratory of Physical Activity, Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Interests: oxidative stress; inflammation; nitric oxide; vascular calcification; exercise; metabolic syndrome
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mitochondrial function and dynamics are key cellular factors that allow the adequate functioning of all the tissues and organs, including (but not limited to) kidney, liver, muscle, and nervous and immune system. Disturbances in these mitochondrial dynamics have been shown to affect the normal function of the organs and tissues and this can drive to pathological situations, such as lung, kidney or nervous system-related diseases. In recent years, it has been evidenced that both dietary habits and individual nutrients can influence mitochondrial energy efficiency, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy with important repercussions on health. This Special Issue aims to cover how nutritional habits, diet interventions or specific nutrients can modify the adaptations of mitochondrial structure and function induced by physiological status, such as exercise and ageing or by diseases (i.e. related with metabolic syndrome and porphyria). To reach this goal, in vitro, animal and human studies are welcomed.

Dr. Antoni Pons
Dr. Miguel D. Ferrer
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Antioxidants;

dynamics;

exercise;

mitochondria;

reactive oxygen species

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1628 KiB  
Article
Calorie Restriction Improves Physical Performance and Modulates the Antioxidant and Inflammatory Responses to Acute Exercise
by Xavier Capó, Miquel Martorell, Miguel D. Ferrer, Antoni Sureda, Victoria Pons, Juan C. Domingo, Franchek Drobnic, Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez, Belén Leyva-Vela, José M. Sarabia, María Herranz-López, Enrique Roche, Josep A. Tur and Antoni Pons
Nutrients 2020, 12(4), 930; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12040930 - 27 Mar 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5049
Abstract
Our aim was to characterize the effects of calorie restriction on the anthropometric characteristics and physical performance of sportsmen and to evaluate the effects of calorie restriction and acute exercise on mitochondria energetics, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Twenty volunteer taekwondo practitioners undertook a [...] Read more.
Our aim was to characterize the effects of calorie restriction on the anthropometric characteristics and physical performance of sportsmen and to evaluate the effects of calorie restriction and acute exercise on mitochondria energetics, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Twenty volunteer taekwondo practitioners undertook a calorie restriction of 30–40% on three alternate days a week for one month. Eleven volunteer sportsmen participated as controls. Both groups performed an energy efficiency test to evaluate physical performance, and samples were taken before and after exercise. The total weight of participants significantly decreased (5.9%) after calorie restriction, while the efficiency of work and the contributions of fat to obtain energy were enhanced by calorie restriction. No significant differences induced by acute exercise were observed in individual non-esterified fatty acid percentage or oxidative stress markers. Calorie restriction downregulated the basal gene expression of nitric oxide synthase, antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial uncoupling proteins, and repairing stress proteins, but it enhanced the expression of sirtuins in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, one month of calorie restriction decreases body weight and increases physical performance, enhancing energy efficiency, moderating the antioxidant and inflammatory basal gene expression, and influencing its response to acute exercise. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function)
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10 pages, 2285 KiB  
Article
Micronutrients Selenomethionine and Selenocysteine Modulate the Redox Status of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
by Daniel Gabriel Pons, Carmen Moran, Marina Alorda-Clara, Jordi Oliver, Pilar Roca and Jorge Sastre-Serra
Nutrients 2020, 12(3), 865; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030865 - 24 Mar 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4412
Abstract
Selenium is a micronutrient which is found in many foods, with redox status modulation activity. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of two chemical forms of selenoamino acids, Seleno-L-methionine and Seleno-L-cystine (a diselenide derived from selenocysteine), at different concentrations on cell viability, [...] Read more.
Selenium is a micronutrient which is found in many foods, with redox status modulation activity. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of two chemical forms of selenoamino acids, Seleno-L-methionine and Seleno-L-cystine (a diselenide derived from selenocysteine), at different concentrations on cell viability, hydrogen peroxide production, antioxidant enzymes, UCP2 protein expression, as well as lipid and protein oxidative damage in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Results showed that Seleno-L-methionine did not cause an increase in hydrogen peroxide production at relatively low concentrations, accompanied by a rise in the antioxidant enzymes catalase and MnSOD, and UCP2 protein expression levels. Furthermore, a decrease in protein and lipid oxidative damage was observed at 10 µM concentration. Otherwise, Seleno-L-cystine increased hydrogen peroxide production from relatively low concentrations (100 nM) to a large increase at high concentrations. Moreover, at 10 µM, Seleno-L-cystine decreased UCP2 and MnSOD protein expression. In conclusion, the chemical form of selenoamino acid and their incorporation to selenoproteins could affect the regulation of the breast cancer cell redox status. Taken together, the results obtained in this study imply that it is important to control the type of selenium-enriched nutrient consumption, taking into consideration their composition and concentration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function)
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14 pages, 12713 KiB  
Article
Herba houttuyniae Extract Benefits Hyperlipidemic Mice via Activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 Cascade
by Ke Cao, Weiqiang Lv, Xuyun Liu, Yingying Fan, Kexin Wang, Zhihui Feng, Jianshu Liu, Weijin Zang, Lianxi Xing and Jiankang Liu
Nutrients 2020, 12(1), 164; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010164 - 7 Jan 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4172
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is associated with metabolic disorders, but the detailed mechanisms and related interventions remain largely unclear. As a functional food in Asian diets, Herba houttuyniae has been reported to have beneficial effects on health. The present research was to investigate the protective effects [...] Read more.
Hyperlipidemia is associated with metabolic disorders, but the detailed mechanisms and related interventions remain largely unclear. As a functional food in Asian diets, Herba houttuyniae has been reported to have beneficial effects on health. The present research was to investigate the protective effects of Herba houttuyniae aqueous extract (HAE) on hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and its potential mechanisms. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered with 200 or 400 mg/kg/day HAE for 9 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection with 0.5 g/kg poloxamer 407 to induce acute hyperlipidemia. HAE treatment significantly attenuated excessive serum lipids and tissue damage markers, prevented hepatic lipid deposition, improved cardiac remodeling, and ameliorated hepatic and cardiac oxidative stress induced by hyperlipidemia. More importantly, NF-E2 related factor (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis pathways as well as mitochondrial complex activities were downregulated in the hyperlipidemic mouse livers and hearts, which may be attributable to the loss of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity: all of these changes were reversed by HAE supplementation. Our findings link the AMPK/PGC-1α/Nrf2 cascade to hyperlipidemia-induced liver and heart impairments and demonstrate the protective effect of HAE as an AMPK activator in the prevention of hyperlipidemia-related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function)
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17 pages, 2110 KiB  
Article
Early Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Changes Following Western Diet in Middle Aged Rats
by Arianna Mazzoli, Raffaella Crescenzo, Luisa Cigliano, Maria Stefania Spagnuolo, Rosa Cancelliere, Cristina Gatto and Susanna Iossa
Nutrients 2019, 11(11), 2670; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11112670 - 5 Nov 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2831
Abstract
To assess the effect of 4 weeks of high fat-high fructose feeding on whole body composition, energy balance, specific markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and insulin sensitivity in the liver of middle-aged rats, rats (1 year) were fed a diet rich in [...] Read more.
To assess the effect of 4 weeks of high fat-high fructose feeding on whole body composition, energy balance, specific markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and insulin sensitivity in the liver of middle-aged rats, rats (1 year) were fed a diet rich in saturated fatty acids and fructose (HFF rats), mimicking the “Western diet”, and compared with rats of the same age that were fed a low fat diet (LF rats). HFF rats exhibited a significant increase in the gain of body weight, energy, and lipids compared to LF rats. HFF rats also showed hepatic insulin resistance, together with an increase in plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Hepatic lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol were higher in HFF rats, while a significant decrease in Stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity was found in this tissue. A marked increase in the protein amount of complex I, concomitant to a decrease in its contribution to mitochondrial respiration, was found in HFF rats. Lipid peroxidation and Nitro-Tyrosine content, taken as markers of oxidative stress, as well as NADPH oxidase activity, were significantly higher in HFF rats, while the antioxidant enzyme catalase decreased in these rats. Myeloperoxidase activity and lipocalin content increased, while peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma decreased in HFF rats. The present results provide evidence that middle-aged rats show susceptibility to a short-term “Western diet”, exhibiting altered redox homeostasis, insulin resistance, and early mitochondrial alterations in the liver. Therefore, this type of dietary habits should be drastically limited to pursue a “healthy aging”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Mitochondrial Function)
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