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Nutrients
Special Issues
The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Immune Regulation
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The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Immune Regulation

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 4755

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jaeyul Kwon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Education, Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
Interests: reactive oxygen species; functional foods; T cells; TCR signaling; dendritic cells; natural killer cells; food allergy; cancers; inflammatory diseases; redox signaling; herbal medicine; bioinformatics; precision medicine
Dr. Bo-in Kwon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
Interests: nutraceuticals; mitochondria; membrane proteins; cell metabolism; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; omics sciences

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue explores the complex relationship between nutrition, diet, immune cells, and immune regulation, encompassing various methodologies such as in vivo and in vitro systems, animal models, organoids, oriental herbs, natural polysaccharides, nutraceuticals, functional foods, natural products, prebiotics, probiotics, and human studies. Understanding how nutrition and diet impact immune cell function is crucial for optimizing immune regulation.

Nutrition and Diet:

A balanced diet, rich in essential nutrients, directly influences immune cell function, cytokine production, and immune responses.

In vivo and In vitro Systems:

In animal models, in vivo and in vitro systems provide valuable tools to study the effects of nutrition and diet on immune cells.

Organoids:

Organoids offer a relevant platform to study the effects of nutrition and diet on immune cells, allowing investigation of immune responses and interplay with other organ systems.

Oriental Herbs and Natural Ingredients:

Oriental herbs and natural ingredients contain bioactive components that modulate immune cell function and support immune regulation.

Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods:

These provide targeted nutritional support to enhance immune cell function and immune regulation.

Probiotics and Prebiotics:

These play a crucial role in immune regulation by modulating the gut microbiota and enhancing immune function.

Human Studies:

Insights from human studies contribute to understanding the impact of nutrition and diet on immune regulation.

Disease Models:

These models help assess the impact of dietary interventions on disease progression and immune function.

Conclusion:

This Special Issue enhances our understanding of how nutrition and diet influence immune cell function, providing evidence-based strategies for optimizing immune regulation and overall well-being.

Prof. Dr. Jaeyul Kwon
Dr. Bo-in Kwon
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • diet
  • immune cells
  • immune regulation
  • immunity
  • in vivo and in vitro systems
  • animal models
  • organoids
  • oriental herbs
  • natural polysaccharides
  • functional foods
  • nutraceuticals
  • nutrients
  • natural products
  • prebiotics
  • probiotics
  • human studies

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3771 KiB  
Article
CM1, a Chrysin Derivative, Protects from Endotoxin-Induced Lethal Shock by Regulating the Excessive Activation of Inflammatory Responses
by Jae-Hyung Lee, Young-Bok Ko, Yong-Min Choi, Jinju Kim, Hwan-Doo Cho, Hyeonil Choi, Ha-Yeon Song, Jeong-Moo Han, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee, Jin-Man Kim, Woo-Sik Kim, Eui-Baek Byun and Jae-Min Yuk
Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 641; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050641 - 25 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 863
Abstract
Sepsis, a leading cause of death worldwide, is a harmful inflammatory condition that is primarily caused by an endotoxin released by Gram-negative bacteria. Effective targeted therapeutic strategies for sepsis are lacking. In this study, using an in vitro and in vivo mouse model, [...] Read more.
Sepsis, a leading cause of death worldwide, is a harmful inflammatory condition that is primarily caused by an endotoxin released by Gram-negative bacteria. Effective targeted therapeutic strategies for sepsis are lacking. In this study, using an in vitro and in vivo mouse model, we demonstrated that CM1, a derivative of the natural polyphenol chrysin, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inducing the expression of the ubiquitin-editing protein TNFAIP3 and the NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Interestingly, CM1 attenuated the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-induced production of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/MAPK and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathways. In addition, CM1 induced the expression of TNFAIP3 and SIRT1 on TLR4-stimulated primary macrophages; however, the anti-inflammatory effect of CM1 was abolished by the siRNA-mediated silencing of TNFAPI3 or by the genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of SIRT1. Importantly, intravenous administration of CM1 resulted in decreased susceptibility to endotoxin-induced sepsis, thereby attenuating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil infiltration into the lung compared to control mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that CM1 has therapeutic potential for diverse inflammatory diseases, including sepsis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Immune Regulation)
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10 pages, 957 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Levagen+ (Palmitoylethanolamide) Supplementation on Symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis—A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
by David Briskey, Phillippa Ebelt and Amanda Rao
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4940; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234940 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1809
Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory, symptomatic disorder stimulated by antigen-specific immunoglobulin E inflammation in response to allergens. Current treatments include the use of corticosteroids and antihistamines to reduce inflammation by preventing histamine release. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is reported to be an alternative [...] Read more.
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory, symptomatic disorder stimulated by antigen-specific immunoglobulin E inflammation in response to allergens. Current treatments include the use of corticosteroids and antihistamines to reduce inflammation by preventing histamine release. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is reported to be an alternative treatment, shown to downregulate mast cell activation and increase the synthesis of endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol to reduce histamine and the symptoms of AR. Method: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial in which 108 participants presenting with seasonal AR were supplemented with either 350 mg of PEA (Levagen+) or a placebo daily for two weeks. Symptom scores were recorded using the reflective total nasal symptom score (rTNSS) twice a day (morning and evening) for the two weeks, and blood was taken at baseline and week 2. Results: 101 participants completed the study with no baseline group differences. No significant difference was seen between groups for allergy symptoms scores (rTNSS) throughout the 14 days of treatment. A sub-group analysis of participants scoring over four (mild-to-moderate) on the total rTNSS at baseline showed that Levagen+ significantly reduced scores compared to the placebo group. Only 36 participants had full sets of blood taken due to COVID-19. The pathology results showed a significant difference in change from baseline between groups. The Levagen+ group had a significant decrease from baseline in histamine, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α. The placebo group only had a reduction in IL-4. Conclusion: The results of this study show that Levagen+ can alleviate AR symptoms, resulting in a reduction in histamine and inflammatory markers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Immune Regulation)
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17 pages, 5939 KiB  
Article
D-Allulose Ameliorates Dysregulated Macrophage Function and Mitochondrial NADH Homeostasis, Mitigating Obesity-Induced Insulin Resistance
by Heekyong R. Bae, Su-Kyung Shin, Youngji Han, Ji-Hyeon Yoo, Suntae Kim, Howard A. Young and Eun-Young Kwon
Nutrients 2023, 15(19), 4218; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194218 - 29 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1539
Abstract
D-allulose, a rare sugar, has been proposed to have potential benefits in addressing metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the precise mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which D-allulose influences [...] Read more.
D-allulose, a rare sugar, has been proposed to have potential benefits in addressing metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the precise mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which D-allulose influences obesity-induced insulin resistance. We conducted gene set enrichment analysis on the liver and white adipose tissue of mice exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) along with the white adipose tissue of individuals with obesity. Our study revealed that D-allulose effectively suppressed IFN-γ, restored chemokine signaling, and enhanced macrophage function in the livers of HFD-fed mice. This implies that D-allulose curtails liver inflammation, alleviating insulin resistance and subsequently impacting adipose tissue. Furthermore, D-allulose supplementation improved mitochondrial NADH homeostasis and translation in both the liver and white adipose tissue of HFD-fed mice. Notably, we observed decreased NADH homeostasis and mitochondrial translation in the omental tissue of insulin-resistant obese subjects compared to their insulin-sensitive counterparts. Taken together, these results suggest that supplementation with allulose improves obesity-induced insulin resistance by mitigating the disruptions in macrophage and mitochondrial function. Furthermore, our data reinforce the crucial role that mitochondrial energy expenditure plays in the development of insulin resistance triggered by obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition and Diet in Immune Regulation)
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