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Nutritional Interventions, Physical Activity and Immune System Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 5528

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Fundamental Biology and Health Sciences, Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain
Interests: exercise; immunology; inflammation; nutritional supplements; caffeine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effects of strenuous or prolonged exercise, as well as heavy training schedules, on different aspects of the immune function have been widely studied, most studies having reported a negative influence on the immune system, leading to immunodepression and, as a consequence, lowering the immune function and increasing the risk of subclinical and clinical infections and illnesses. Additional stresses commonly reported by athletes, such as flights, sleep disturbances and environmental changes, can also induce negative effects on the immune system. On the other hand, an adequate nutrition, including a proper energy intake, is essential to maintaining an effective immune system, especially in athletes. Furthermore, in order to improve the immune system’s effectiveness, preventing a higher incidence of infections, many nutritional supplements have been tested in athletes, including, among many others, carbohydrates, vitamin C, zinc, bovine colostrum, vitamin D, prebiotics and probiotics. In contrast to strenuous exercise, moderate and continuous physical activity has been suggested to improve the immune response, with the potential of being used as a tool to increase immunocompetence.

The present Special Issue aims to report recent findings regarding the role of specific nutrients and physical activity on the immune system’s functionality and the prevention of infections such as upper respiratory tract infections. The analysis of the effects of nutritional deficiencies or unbalanced nutrition in athletes, as well as studies focused on the effect of physical activity on the immune system in athletes and in the general population, will be considered as well. Therefore, in general, both research and review manuscripts aiming to improve the knowledge regarding the complex relationship between nutrition, physical activity and immune function are welcome.

Dr. Pedro Tauler
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • physical activity
  • immune system
  • immune defences
  • incidence of infections
  • balanced diet
  • nutritional deficiencies
  • nutritional supplements

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 555 KiB  
Review
Influence of Nutritional Status and Physical Exercise on Immune Response in Metabolic Syndrome
by Mauro Lombardo, Alessandra Feraco, Chiara Bellia, Luigi Prisco, Ilenia D’Ippolito, Elvira Padua, Maximilian Andreas Storz, Davide Lauro, Massimiliano Caprio and Alfonso Bellia
Nutrients 2022, 14(10), 2054; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102054 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4992
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic alterations mostly related to visceral adiposity, which in turn promotes glucose intolerance and a chronic systemic inflammatory state, characterized by immune cell infiltration. Such immune system activation increases the risk of severe disease subsequent to [...] Read more.
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic alterations mostly related to visceral adiposity, which in turn promotes glucose intolerance and a chronic systemic inflammatory state, characterized by immune cell infiltration. Such immune system activation increases the risk of severe disease subsequent to viral infections. Strong correlations between elevated body mass index (BMI), type-2-diabetes and increased risk of hospitalization after pandemic influenza H1N1 infection have been described. Similarly, a correlation between elevated blood glucose level and SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and mortality has been described, indicating MetS as an important predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Adipose secretome, including two of the most abundant and well-studied adipokines, leptin and interleukin-6, is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and obesity-related low-grade inflammation. Similarly, skeletal muscle hormones—called myokines—released in response to physical exercise affect both metabolic homeostasis and immune system function. Of note, several circulating hormones originate from both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and display different functions, depending on the metabolic context. This review aims to summarize recent data in the field of exercise immunology, investigating the acute and chronic effects of exercise on myokines release and immune system function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Interventions, Physical Activity and Immune System Health)
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