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Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health
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Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 August 2023) | Viewed by 17264

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daria Peleg-Raibstein

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Neuroscience, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
Interests: eating disorders; maternal overnutrition; psychiatric disorders; addiction; stress; nutrition; cognitive function; aging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, the prevalence of eating disorders has increased to at least 9% of the population. Eating disorders have the highest mortality risks among psychiatric disorders in adolescents and young adults. In general terms, they refer to illnesses that significantly disrupt one's eating patterns. Examples include anorexia, which involves severe food restriction and emaciation, and bulimia, characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by purging, fasting, or excessive exercise. On the other hand, binge eating disorder, which different from anorexia, involves uncontrollable cravings that lead to individuals consuming excessive amounts of food. Despite their distinctions, all sufferers have a dangerous and unhealthy relationship with food. To date, the etiology of eating disorders is still poorly understood, with many putative risk factors. Besides genetic risk factors, environmental factors such as stress, culture, or insults during critical periods of foetal development can have physiological effects that unfold during a person’s life span.

This Special Issue aims to discover the novel neurobiological mechanisms contributing to eating disorders and may also enhance adherence to treatments, ultimately leading to better outcomes. The goal is to develop new interventions for treating eating disorders.

Dr. Daria Peleg-Raibstein
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • eating disorders
  • anorexia nervosa
  • bulimia nervosa
  • binge-eating disorder
  • obesity
  • psychiatric disorders
  • motivation
  • maternal nutrition
  • stress
  • neurobiology
  • maladaptive eating behaviors

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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14 pages, 971 KiB  
Article
Gut–Brain Interaction Disorders and Anorexia Nervosa: Psychopathological Asset, Disgust, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms
by Luna Carpinelli, Giulia Savarese, Biagio Pascale, Walter Donato Milano and Paola Iovino
Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2501; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112501 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2840
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are very common in subjects with eating disorders (EDs). This study aimed to (a) investigate the prevalence of gut–brain interaction disorders (DGBIs) in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, according to ROME IV criteria; and (b) explore AN psychopathological assets and [...] Read more.
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are very common in subjects with eating disorders (EDs). This study aimed to (a) investigate the prevalence of gut–brain interaction disorders (DGBIs) in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, according to ROME IV criteria; and (b) explore AN psychopathological assets and disgust that might impact GI symptoms. Methods: Thirty-eight female patients consecutively diagnosed with untreated AN (age 19.32 ± 5.59) in an outpatient clinic devoted to EDs underwent Eating Disorder Inventory—3 (EDI-3), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Social Phobia Anxiety Scale (SPAS), Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), and Disgust Scale (DS) questionnaires. The presence of DGBIs was evaluated and GI symptoms were assessed using a standardized intensity–frequency questionnaire. Results: A total of 94.7% of our sample met the diagnostic criteria for functional dyspepsia (FD), of which 88.8% presented the postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) subtype and 41.6% presented the epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) subtype. In addition, 52.6% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while for functional constipation (FC), prevalence reached 7.9%. All participants presented a pathological score on the disgust scale. Significant correlations were found between several GI symptoms and psychopathological asset and disgust. Conclusions: AN is a multifactorial disorder. It is necessary to implement studies with an integrated approach, taking into account DGBIs, as well as to monitor the emotional–cognitive structure that acts as a factor in maintaining the disorder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health)
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11 pages, 264 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Relationship between Disordered Sleep and Mood in Male Anorexia Nervosa: An Actigraphy Study
by Mengyu Lim, Ruoxin Kou, Gianluca Esposito, Aisha Jawed, Dagmara Dimitriou and Stephen A. Mangar
Nutrients 2023, 15(9), 2176; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092176 - 2 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2298
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), are severe psychological disorders that affect individuals’ eating behaviours and body perception. Previous research has shown that people with EDs often report poorer sleep. Some literature has suggested that it is mood dysregulation that mediates the [...] Read more.
Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), are severe psychological disorders that affect individuals’ eating behaviours and body perception. Previous research has shown that people with EDs often report poorer sleep. Some literature has suggested that it is mood dysregulation that mediates the link between EDs and sleep. However, the majority of previous studies only focused on females, while male ED patients have been overlooked. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationships between EDs, mood, and sleep among male ED patients. Using a mixture of actigraphy recordings and self-reported questionnaires, the current study analysed a total 33 adult male participants diagnosed with AN. The participants first wore an actigraphy device for seven continuous days, following which their ED severity and mood were assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), respectively. The descriptive actigraphy results suggested that, similar to females, males with AN also showed disturbed sleep, including insomnia, sleep fragmentation, low sleep efficiency, and increased napping sessions. However, when ED severity was correlated against actigraphy data and mood, no significant relationships were found between them. Thus, it was suggested that future studies may investigate discrete ED symptoms instead of global ED severity interacting with sleep and mood. Overall, this study represents an initial step in the investigation of EDs and sleep and mood dysregulation among an under-represented sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health)
14 pages, 605 KiB  
Article
Apelin-13 and Asprosin in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa and Their Association with Psychometric and Metabolic Variables
by Katarzyna Jowik, Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz, Natalia Pytlińska, Anna Jasińska-Mikołajczyk, Agnieszka Słopień and Marta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor
Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 4022; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194022 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2234
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a widespread, metabo-psychiatric disorder with high relapse rates, comorbidity, and mortality. Many regulatory proteins and neurohormones studied to date play essential roles in the etiopathogenesis of eating disorders and the maintenance of psychopathological symptoms. Nevertheless, the regulatory and pathophysiological [...] Read more.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a widespread, metabo-psychiatric disorder with high relapse rates, comorbidity, and mortality. Many regulatory proteins and neurohormones studied to date play essential roles in the etiopathogenesis of eating disorders and the maintenance of psychopathological symptoms. Nevertheless, the regulatory and pathophysiological mechanisms of AN are still poorly understood. In the presented study, the plasma levels of apelin-13 (APE-13) and asprosin (ASP), as well as carbohydrate metabolism parameters and psychometric parameters, were evaluated in low-weight adolescent female patients with AN (AN1), after partial weight normalization (AN2) and in an age-matched healthy control group (CG) were evaluated. APE-13 levels were higher in the AN1 group than in the post-realimentation and the CG group. APE-13 levels were independent of insulin and glucose levels. Plasma ASP levels increased with increasing body weight in patients with AN, correlating with the severity of eating disorder symptoms in emaciation. The presented data suggest that APE-13 and ASP may be AN’s biomarkers-regulation of eating behavior by APE-13 and ASP, the close relationship between them and emotional behavior, and changes in neurohormone levels in patients with eating and affective disorders seem to support these hypotheses. Moreover, their plasma levels seem to be related to the severity of psychopathological symptoms of eating disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health)
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16 pages, 583 KiB  
Article
The Polish Version of the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR) and the Nine Items Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen—Parents Report (NIAS-PR): Maternal Perspective
by Beata Ziółkowska, Jarosław Ocalewski, Hana Zickgraf and Anna Brytek-Matera
Nutrients 2022, 14(15), 3175; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153175 - 2 Aug 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4145
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR), a new tool to diagnose ARFID, based on a report submitted by Polish mothers of children aged 2 to 10 years. In total, 167 [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Questionnaire—Parents Report (ARFID-Q-PR), a new tool to diagnose ARFID, based on a report submitted by Polish mothers of children aged 2 to 10 years. In total, 167 mothers of boys and girls aged 2 to 10 participated in the study. We used the ARFID-Q-PR and the Nine Items Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen—Parents Report (NIAS-PR). In addition, all mothers were asked to provide information on age, sex, height and weight, chronic somatic diseases, neurodevelopmental and mental disorders as well as intellectual disability of their children. Results of the reliability analysis demonstrated that the ARFID-Q-PR had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84). The stability of the ARFID-Q-PR factorial structure was confirmed. It is composed of three subscales: (1) attitudes to food; (2) justification for restrictions; (3) somatic symptoms. Our findings demonstrated that the ARFID-Q-PR total score was positively associated with the NIAS-PR total score. In addition, children with developmental and mental disorders substantially demonstrated more ARFID symptoms than did the children in the general population. The Polish version ARFID-Q-PR can be used to recognize the ARFID symptoms in young children by the main feeder in the family—mother or father. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health)
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Review

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17 pages, 1560 KiB  
Review
Maternal Over- and Malnutrition and Increased Risk for Addictive and Eating Disorders in the Offspring
by Mathilde C. C. Guillaumin and Daria Peleg-Raibstein
Nutrients 2023, 15(5), 1095; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15051095 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4824
Abstract
Evidence from human and animal studies has shown that maternal overnutrition and/or obesity are linked with neurobehavioral changes in the offspring. This fetal programming is characterized by adaptive responses to changes in the nutritional state during early life. In the past decade, an [...] Read more.
Evidence from human and animal studies has shown that maternal overnutrition and/or obesity are linked with neurobehavioral changes in the offspring. This fetal programming is characterized by adaptive responses to changes in the nutritional state during early life. In the past decade, an association has been made between overconsumption of highly-palatable food by the mother during fetal development and abnormal behaviors resembling addiction in the offspring. Maternal overnutrition can lead to alterations in the offspring’s brain reward circuitry leading to hyperresponsiveness of this circuit following exposure to calorie-dense foods later in life. Given the accumulating evidence indicating that the central nervous system plays a pivotal role in regulating food intake, energy balance, and the motivation to seek food, a dysfunction in the reward circuitry may contribute to the addiction-like behaviors observed in the offspring. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to these alterations in the reward circuitry during fetal development and their relevance to the increased risk for the offspring to later develop addictive-like behaviors is still unclear. Here, we review the most relevant scientific reports about the impact of food overconsumption during fetal development and its effect on addictive-like behaviors of the offspring in the context of eating disorders and obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contributing Factors to Eating Disorders Impact on Health)
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