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Nutrients
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Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings
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Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2025 | Viewed by 2052

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mar Ruperto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical & Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
Interests: disease-related malnutrition; obesity; sarcopenia; frailty; body composition; diet therapy; oral nutritional supplements; enteral nutrition; parenteral nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Older people are expected to constitute a growing sector of the world’s population in the coming decades.

Aging is associated with various comorbidities, polymedication, functional dependence, and cognitive impairment, which imply various physical and mental disabilities and, consequently, pose major challenges for the care of the elderly population in different healthcare settings.

Nutritional disorders contribute to increasing the vulnerability of the elderly population, leading to nutritional deficiencies that directly contribute to worsening their health status and quality of life. Nutritional risk, frailty, muscle wasting, and sarcopenia are some of the age-related problems that lead to increased nutritional compromise, dependency, loss of strength, and functional impairment.

The proposal for this Special Issue, “Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings”, focuses on a relevant topic: nutritional risk and associated disorders in different healthcare settings (communities, nursing homes, and hospitals). This Special Issue is open to discussion of all age-related diseases and nutritional disorders in older adults. Therefore, innovative articles covering the following topics are welcome:

  • Nutritional assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of nutritional disorders.
  • Nutritional tools, methods, or techniques related to the identification and assessment of body composition, loss of muscle mass, and/or impairment of functional capacity associated with frailty and sarcopenia in the elderly.
  • Therapeutic strategies to prevent, reduce, or treat nutritional disorders and optimize the nutritional status of any age-related disease in different social and healthcare settings.

This Special Issue intends to publish original research articles, clinical trials, case–control studies, survival studies, cross-sectional studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

Dr. Mar Ruperto
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical settings
  • disease-related malnutrition
  • diet
  • elderly
  • frailty
  • functional tests
  • healthy aging
  • malnutrition
  • nutritional risk
  • nursing homes
  • older adults
  • quality of life
  • sarcopenic obesity
  • sarcopenia
  • SPBB

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1257 KiB  
Article
Associations Between MASLD, Ultra-Processed Food and a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern in Older Adults
by Isabella Commins, Daniel Clayton-Chubb, Jessica A. Fitzpatrick, Elena S. George, Hans G. Schneider, Aung Zaw Zaw Phyo, Ammar Majeed, Natasha Janko, Nicole Vaughan, Robyn L. Woods, Alice J. Owen, John J. McNeil, William W. Kemp and Stuart K. Roberts
Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1415; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091415 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 236
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, affecting 38% of the adult population globally. Methods: We examined the impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra Processed Food (UPF) intake on the risk of prevalent MASLD in [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide, affecting 38% of the adult population globally. Methods: We examined the impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Ultra Processed Food (UPF) intake on the risk of prevalent MASLD in older adults. Results: Our major findings include that increased adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of MASLD. Additionally, we found that high UPF intake was associated with an increased risk of MASLD. Furthermore, our study found that even with a high UPF intake, the risk of MASLD decreased if the individual also had a higher Mediterranean Diet intake compared to a lower Mediterranean Diet intake. Conclusions: These results are of particular importance in older people, given the known links between MASLD, metabolic comorbidities and frailty. Public health messaging should focus on promoting Mediterranean dietary habits, and ways to help older people achieve this given the social and economic barriers they may face. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings)
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16 pages, 458 KiB  
Article
Translation and Validation of the Chinese Version of the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (C-RGA): A Screening Tool for Geriatric Syndromes in Nursing Home Residents
by Jia Liu, Azera Hasra Ismail, Roszita Ibrahim, Yuezhi Zhu and Nor Haty Hassan
Nutrients 2025, 17(5), 873; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050873 - 28 Feb 2025
Viewed by 749
Abstract
Background: Frailty, sarcopenia, nutritional risk, and cognitive impairment are prevalent geriatric syndromes that adversely affect health outcomes in older adults, underscoring the need for an effective screen tool to enable early detection and timely intervention. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional [...] Read more.
Background: Frailty, sarcopenia, nutritional risk, and cognitive impairment are prevalent geriatric syndromes that adversely affect health outcomes in older adults, underscoring the need for an effective screen tool to enable early detection and timely intervention. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional validation design and translated, culturally adapted, and validated the Chinese version of the Rapid Geriatric Assessment (C-RGA) among 416 nursing home residents. The C-RGA consists of four subscales: the simple frail questionnaire screening tool (FRAIL), SARC-F for sarcopenia (SARC-F), the Simplified Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire (SNAQ), and the Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS). Results: The C-RGA demonstrated high content validity (S-CVI/Ave = 0.982) and strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.839). Factor analysis confirmed its four-domain structure, accounting for 61.497% of the variance. Model fit indices demonstrated good construct validity (χ2/df = 1.122, RMSEA = 0.024, GFI, AGFI, and CFI > 0.90), supporting the robustness of the assessment tool. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong association between FRAIL and SARC-F with SNAQ (r = −0.671, 95% CI: [−0.742, −0.600], p < 0.01) and a moderate correlation with RCS (r = −0.426, 95% CI: [−0.513, −0.339], p < 0.01), underscoring the interplay among nutritional deficits, muscle weakness, and cognitive impairment. Conclusions: The C-RGA demonstrates strong psychometric properties, supporting its potential use as a screening tool for the early detection of frailty, sarcopenia, nutritional risk, and cognitive impairment among nursing home residents, enabling timely and targeted interventions. Future research should further assess its applicability across diverse healthcare settings to enhance its generalizability and clinical utility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings)
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29 pages, 1342 KiB  
Article
Malnutrition Risk in Older Adults: Evaluating the Diagnostic Relevance of Serum Biomarkers: SIRT-1, CCK-8, Melatonin, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC)
by Karolina Kujawowicz, Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska, Monika Cyuńczyk and Anna Maria Witkowska
Nutrients 2025, 17(4), 726; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17040726 - 18 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 714
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Addressing the risk of malnutrition at an early stage is crucial to preventing its development, which can have a detrimental impact on physical and mental health status. This study investigates the potential role of biochemical biomarkers such as sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), melatonin, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Addressing the risk of malnutrition at an early stage is crucial to preventing its development, which can have a detrimental impact on physical and mental health status. This study investigates the potential role of biochemical biomarkers such as sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1), melatonin, cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-8), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in identifying the risk of malnutrition. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed malnutrition risk in 153 community-dwelling older adults using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Serum levels of SIRT-1, melatonin, and CCK-8 were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) method. Results: Serum levels of TAC and CCK-8 were significantly positively correlated with grip strength and visceral adipose tissue, with TAC levels also showing associations with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), total body water, total energy expenditure, fat-free mass index, and fat mass index (p < 0.001). CCK-8 emerged as a strong predictor of malnutrition risk (AUC = 0.58 in females, AUC = 0.64 in males), whereas SIRT-1 (AUC = 0.57 for both sexes), melatonin (AUC = 0.46 for females, AUC = 0.51 for males), and TAC (AUC = 0.42 for females, AUC = 0.54 for males) exhibited weaker predictive abilities. A multivariate model incorporating CCK-8 demonstrated excellent predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.77–0.90) and indicated a potential association between elevated CCK-8 levels and a higher risk of malnutrition. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study highlights the effectiveness of a multi-parameter model incorporating CCK-8 as a reliable approach for assessing malnutrition risk in older adults, offering a comprehensive evaluation of the condition. However, further research is needed to confirm its applicability and accuracy in diverse elderly populations and clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Risk in Older Adults in Different Healthcare Settings)
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