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Probiotics, Gut Microbiota, and Obesity: Current Evidence, Challenges, and Perspectives

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 6865

Special Issue Editors

Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Interests: food and gut microbiology; lactic acid bacteria; probiotics; regulation; food safety; bioinformatics

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Guest Editor
Yakult Europe BV, Almere, The Netherlands
Interests: childhood obesity; obesity; nutritional epidemiology; dietary assessment; clinical nutrition; cancer epidemiology; mortality; probiotics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity has increased dramatically in recent decades and is considered a global epidemic. Increased body weight is associated with a higher risk for other noncommunicable diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer, among others, constituting a serious health burden for individuals and society.

A substantial body of research has focused on unravelling the complex aetiology of obesity, and the role of gut microbiota in its development has gained increasing attention. Since several studies have shown that the gut microbiota is disturbed in obesity, probiotics are emerging as potential means to modulate the gut microbiota, and subsequently, obesity.

Currently, although the administration of probiotics in obesity is promising, it is also clear that we have a long way to go in understanding their potential prophylactic or therapeutic role.

In this context, we would like to invite scientists to provide their contribution, either as an original article, (systematic) review, or meta-analysis, gathering insights from a wider perspective and accelerating the scientific evidence in the following main topics:

  1. The role of the microbiota in the development of obesity.
  2. The potential role of probiotics in obesity (prophylactic or therapeutic).
  3. The value of probiotics versus traditional interventions (i.e., diet and/or physical activity) or probiotics as an adjunct therapy.

Dr. Bruno Pot
Dr. Nikoletta Vidra
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gut microbiota
  • probiotics
  • obesity (prophylaxis, therapy)
  • weight loss
  • diet
  • dietary intervention
  • nutrition
  • mechanism of action

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

31 pages, 1280 KiB  
Review
Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake
by Sevag Hamamah, Arman Amin, Abdul Latif Al-Kassir, Judith Chuang and Mihai Covasa
Nutrients 2023, 15(15), 3365; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153365 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 6454
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut [...] Read more.
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which gut microbiota can influence these satiation signals both locally in the gastrointestinal tract and via microbiota-gut-brain communication. Then, we describe the effects of dietary interventions and associated changes in gut microbiota on satiety signals through microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Lastly, we present microbiota optimizing therapies including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and weight loss surgery that can help restore beneficial gut microbiota by enhancing satiety signals to reduce hyperphagia and subsequent obesity. Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fats induce taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota and their impact on satiation signaling pathways will help develop more targeted therapeutic interventions in delaying the onset of obesity and in furthering its treatment. Full article
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