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Effects of Dietary Intake and Lifestyle on Eye Health and Ophthalmic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 December 2025 | Viewed by 1229

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
Interests: eye health; retina; ophthalmic diseases; optics; solid state physics; biomedical imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The connection between diet and eye health is a growing area of interest, with significant implications for preventing and managing ophthalmic diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. Among the hundreds of carotenoids identified in nature, only three—lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin—are known to accumulate in the macula of the human eye, where they act as powerful antioxidants and protective pigments. These macular pigment carotenoids are critical for neutralizing oxidative stress, reducing light-induced damage, and improving visual function.

This Special Issue invites contributions exploring the biochemical, clinical, and therapeutic implications of dietary components such as lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin, and other nutrients in promoting ocular health. Submissions can include original research, reviews, and clinical studies investigating the impacts of carotenoids and other dietary factors on macular health and the progression of ophthalmic diseases. To advance our understanding of these topics, we encourage the development of evidence-based dietary recommendations and interventions for protecting vision and improving quality of life.

We welcome your valuable contributions to this Special Issue and look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Mohsen Sharifzadeh
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • eye health
  • ophthalmic diseases
  • age-related macular degeneration
  • diabetic retinopathy
  • glaucoma
  • visual function

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3653 KB  
Article
Changes in Quality of Life Among Glaucoma Patients Following Six Months of Niacinamide Supplementation
by Constantin Alin Nicola, Maria Cristina Marinescu, Anne Marie Firan, Georgica Tartea, Mihaela Simona Naidin, Radu Constantin Ciuluvica, Marina Daniela Dimulescu, Nicoleta Mirela Voicu, Carmen Marinela Mihailescu, Andreea-Daniela Meca, Maria Bogdan and Adina Turcu-Stiolica
Nutrients 2025, 17(17), 2775; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17172775 - 27 Aug 2025
Viewed by 730
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with enormous impact on quality of life and activities of daily living. Since one pathogenic mechanism of glaucoma is mitochondrial dysfunction at the retinal ganglion cell level, niacin has been proposed as an [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Glaucoma is the primary cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, with enormous impact on quality of life and activities of daily living. Since one pathogenic mechanism of glaucoma is mitochondrial dysfunction at the retinal ganglion cell level, niacin has been proposed as an adjuvant treatment, with encouraging results. The objective of this prospective, non-randomized, single-arm clinical trial was to investigate the effect of oral supplementation with niacin on the quality of life of a cohort of glaucoma patients in Romania. Methods: Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma, under topical hypotensive treatment, were evaluated before and after a 6-month period of daily administration of 500 mg of oral niacinamide. Evaluation involved a complete ophthalmological exam and QoL quantification using the Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 (GQL-15) Questionnaire. Results: We found strong evidence that niacin supplementation for 6 months led to a statistically significant improvement in QoL scores among glaucoma patients (mean difference = −2.10, 95% CI: [−2.89, −1.32], p < 0.0001), including central and near vision (mean difference = −2.16, 95% CI: [−3.91, −0.4], p = 0.017), peripheral vision (mean difference = −2.66, 95% CI: [−0.23, −0.08], p < 0.001), and the glare and dark adaptation (mean difference = −5.24, 95% CI: [−0.33, −0.14], p < 0.001). In addition, B3 treatment resulted in a significant reduction in intraocular pressure in both eyes over 6 months (mean difference = 0.53, 95% CI: [0.21, 0.86] in the left eye and mean difference = 0.36, 95% CI: [0.04, 0.68] in the right eye), indicating potential clinical benefits. Conclusions: The observed GQL-15 score reductions suggest that B3 may be of benefit in glaucoma management. Further research with larger sample sizes and placebo-controlled designs is needed to confirm B3 potential impact on disease progression and quality of life. Trial Registration at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT07007260. Full article
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