The Interconnection Between Pharmacological and Nutritional Treatment in Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases

Dear Colleagues,

The integration of pharmacological and nutritional interventions in the management of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has become a central focus in clinical practice. Evidence indicates that the therapeutic response to drugs used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, chronic kidney disease, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases is significantly modulated also by the patient’s nutritional status and dietary patterns. For instance, a high intake of soluble dietary fiber improves insulin sensitivity and can potentiate the effects of oral hypoglycemic agents, while nutritional sodium restriction has been shown to enhance the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs. Conversely, specific nutrients may interfere with drug absorption, metabolism, or excretion, thereby altering pharmacokinetics and reducing clinical effectiveness. This underscores the need for integrated assessment when designing treatment protocols. A combined, evidence-based approach reduces adverse events, optimizes therapeutic outcomes, and supports personalized medicine strategies. In this context, close collaboration among physicians and nutritionists is essential to ensure comprehensive and sustainable management of NCDs.

Prof. Dr. Annalisa Noce
Dr. Manuela Di Lauro
Guest Editors

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