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The Role of Dietary and Nutritional Factors in Cancer Treatment
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The Role of Dietary and Nutritional Factors in Cancer Treatment

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 April 2026 | Viewed by 2097

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Omer Kucuk

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
Interests: nutrition; diet and cancer; botanicals and cancer; integrative medicine; traditional medicine; cancer survivorship

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dietary and nutritional factors have significant effects on cancer development and progression. Dietary and botanical compounds have a potential role in cancer treatment, including the prevention of side effects caused by hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted agents.

It is widely known that certain dietary factors play a significant role in cancer prevention. There is also accumulating data that dietary and nutritional components, as well as non-dietary botanicals and natural products, have significant anti-cancer effects.

In this Special Issue, we will focus on the role of dietary and nutritional factors in (a) cancer treatment and (b) the modulation of the side effects in cancer treatment. We aim to collate papers on the effects of single and multiple compounds as potential anti-cancer agents. We also welcome the inclusion of articles on nutritional supplements, including botanical compounds used in clinical nutrition from different regions.

Prof. Dr. Omer Kucuk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • botanical compounds
  • nutritional factors
  • cancer treatment
  • nutritional supplements

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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13 pages, 393 KB  
Article
Dietary Inflammatory Index and the Risk of Gastric Precancerous Lesions Among Korean Adults in a Rural Area
by Yewon Cho, Dongkyu Lee, Chang Soo Eun, Dong Soo Han and Hyun Ja Kim
Nutrients 2025, 17(22), 3502; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17223502 - 8 Nov 2025
Viewed by 838
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer is known to occur through a multistep process from gastric precancerous lesions, such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia. Gastric precancerous lesions may have different risk factors for each stage, and it can be prevented by an [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Gastric cancer is known to occur through a multistep process from gastric precancerous lesions, such as atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia. Gastric precancerous lesions may have different risk factors for each stage, and it can be prevented by an anti-inflammatory diet. In this study, we examined the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of gastric precancerous lesions among adults in a rural area. Moreover, we analyzed the interaction between the DII and H. pylori infection in relation to the risk of gastric precancerous lesion. Methods: Among 711 participants who had a gastroscopy in a community cohort study, 564 subjects were included in this analysis and were divided into three groups (233 in normal, 128 in atrophic gastritis, and 203 in intestinal metaplasia). Atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were diagnosed by endoscopy and histopathology in accordance with the Updated Sydney System. DII was derived from a food-frequency questionnaire and categorized into tertiles. H. pylori infection was determined by the Campylobacter-like organism test. Results: H. pylori infection was significantly associated with the increased risk of intestinal metaplasia (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.76–4.27), but not with atrophic gastritis. The inflammation diet itself was not associated with both the risk of atrophic gastritis (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.53–1.64) and intestinal metaplasia (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.78–2.24). However, the risk of intestinal metaplasia was more increased in the inflammatory diet group with H. pylori infection (OR = 3.35, 95% CI = 1.54–7.30) compared to the anti-inflammatory diet group without H. pylori infection. Conclusions: This study found that H. pylori infection increased the risk of intestinal metaplasia, and this risk was further enhanced by a pro-inflammatory diet, suggesting that both diet and infection management are important for prevention of gastric precancerous lesions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Dietary and Nutritional Factors in Cancer Treatment)
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22 pages, 1571 KB  
Systematic Review
Modulating Strategies of the Intestinal Microbiota in Colorectal Cancer
by María José García Mansilla, María Jesús Rodríguez Sojo, Andreea Roxana Lista, Ciskey Vanessa Ayala Mosqueda, Jorge García García, Julio Gálvez Peralta, Alba Rodríguez Nogales, Antonio Jesús Ruiz Malagón and María José Rodríguez Sánchez
Nutrients 2025, 17(22), 3565; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17223565 - 14 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for nearly 10% of global cancer cases and is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While age and genetics are non-modifiable risk factors, nutrition and its impact on gut microbiota are emerging as key determinants in [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for nearly 10% of global cancer cases and is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While age and genetics are non-modifiable risk factors, nutrition and its impact on gut microbiota are emerging as key determinants in CRC prevention and management. We aimed to systematically evaluate recent evidence on the role of diet and microbiota-targeted interventions—including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics—in modulating CRC risk and therapeutic outcomes. Methods: A structured literature search was performed in PubMed, ResearchGate, Scopus, and ScienceDirect up to July of 2025. Reference lists of relevant reviews and clinical trials were also screened. A total of 36 studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. Data were extracted on dietary exposures, microbiota modulation, metabolite profiles, and CRC-related outcomes. Evidence quality was assessed using appropriate appraisal tools for observational and interventional designs. Results: Western-type diets were consistently associated with microbiota dysbiosis, the enrichment of pro-inflammatory and genotoxic taxa, and elevated CRC risk. Diets rich in fiber and polyphenols enhanced commensals producing short-chain fatty acids (e.g., butyrate), with anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic effects. Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics demonstrated potential to restore microbial balance, improve epithelial integrity, and enhance tolerance to conventional therapies. Conclusions: Current evidence supports a complex interplay between nutrition, the gut microbiota, and CRC, with strong translational potential. Microbiota-modulating nutritional strategies, particularly fiber-rich diets and synbiotics, show the most consistent microbiota-related benefits in CRC prevention and represent promising adjuncts to standard therapies. However, much of the available research is still based on preclinical models. Therefore, there is a pressing need for well-designed clinical studies in human populations to validate these findings and inform evidence-based guidelines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Dietary and Nutritional Factors in Cancer Treatment)
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