Graphene and Other 2D Layer-Based Nanomaterials for Energy and Sensing Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "2D and Carbon Nanomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 9478

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
Interests: carbon nanomaterials and nanostructures; carbon nanotubes; material characterization; graphene; 2D materials; spectroscopy; nanocomposites; thin films; electronic structure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During recent decades, global power consumption has grown almost 15-fold. The most intensely exploited primary power sources are petroleum (30%), coal (20%), natural gas (20%), and nuclear fuel (6%). This has caused a 4.5-fold increase in the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere over the last 50 years, giving rise to considerable ecological problems. In addition, the obtained estimates of conventional energy sources demonstrate that the current oil and gas resources are hardly sufficient to provide power for the next 100 years. Thus, on the one hand, one of the foundational problems of the modern power industry is finding alternative renewable power sources (e.g., hydrogen) and efficiently increasing their contribution to global power consumption. On the other hand, it is necessary to develop strategies for more efficient power storage, transmission, and conversion, as well as control over these processes. This is of particular interest due to the active development of the Internet of Things solutions, which require designing innovative low-power machines, systems, and devices.

From this perspective, graphene and other 2D layer-based nanomaterials that are characterized by unique atomic and electronic structures offer the broadest diversity of solutions and strategies in the field of energy applications and gas sensing in terms of monitoring the performance of power storage devices. The chemical and physical properties of these materials can be efficiently designed, engineered, and tuned for each specific energy and sensing application by using the controllable synthesis procedure, modifying their structure through chemical and physical methods, introducing impurities or creating defects, and also by combining them in hybrid structures.

The area of interest of this Special Issue is very broad. We are accepting contributions on the following topics:

  • 2D materials;
  • Layered materials;
  • 2D carbon-based nanocomposites and nanostructures;
  • Graphene and graphene derivatives (GO, rGO, etc.);
  • Carbon nanotubes and their derivatives;
  • Carbon nanofibers;
  • 2D layered hybrid nanomaterial-based films;
  • Moiré materials;
  • Transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2);
  • WS2;
  • MoS2;
  • Transition metal carbides;
  • Transition metal nitrides;
  • Transition metal carbonitrides (MXenes);
  • Silicene;
  • Germanene;
  • Stanene;
  • Van der Waals heterostructures;
  • Interfaces;
  • 2D layer-based composites.

Dr. Maria Brzhezinskaya
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • graphene
  • graphene derivatives and functionalization
  • carbon nanotubes and nanofibers
  • 2D materials
  • 2D carbon-based nanomaterials
  • Van der Waals heterostructures
  • 2D layered hybrid nanomaterials
  • energy storage
  • energy conversion
  • sensing

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

17 pages, 3109 KiB  
Article
Surface Grafting of Graphene Flakes with Fluorescent Dyes: A Tailored Functionalization Approach
by Ylea Vlamidis, Carmela Marinelli, Aldo Moscardini, Paolo Faraci, Stefan Heun and Stefano Veronesi
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(5), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15050329 - 20 Feb 2025
Viewed by 523
Abstract
The controlled functionalization of graphene is critical for tuning and enhancing its properties, thereby expanding its potential applications. Covalent functionalization offers a deeper tuning of the geometric and electronic structure of graphene compared to non-covalent methods; however, the existing techniques involve side reactions [...] Read more.
The controlled functionalization of graphene is critical for tuning and enhancing its properties, thereby expanding its potential applications. Covalent functionalization offers a deeper tuning of the geometric and electronic structure of graphene compared to non-covalent methods; however, the existing techniques involve side reactions and spatially uncontrolled functionalization, pushing research toward more selective and controlled methods. A promising approach is 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, successfully utilized with carbon nanotubes. In the present work, this method has been extended to graphene flakes with low defect concentration. A key innovation is the use of a custom-synthesized ylide with a protected amine group (Boc), facilitating subsequent attachment of functional molecules. Indeed, after Boc cleavage, fluorescent dyes (Atto 425, 465, and 633) were covalently linked via NHS ester derivatization. This approach represents a highly selective method of minimizing structural damage. Successful functionalization was demonstrated by Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy, confirming the effectiveness of the method. This novel approach offers a versatile platform, enabling its use in biological imaging, sensing, and advanced nanodevices. The method paves the way for the development of sensors and devices capable of anchoring a wide range of molecules, including quantum dots and nanoparticles. Therefore, it represents a significant advancement in graphene-based technologies. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 4117 KiB  
Article
Improving the Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance of Ternary Layered Double Hydroxides by Tuning All Three Cations’ Electronic Structures
by Gayi Nyongombe, Malik Maaza, Mohamed Siaj and Simon Dhlamini
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(3), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030177 - 23 Jan 2025
Viewed by 744
Abstract
The pursuit of efficient and sustainable hydrogen production is essential in the fight against climate change. One important method for achieving this is the electrolysis of water, particularly through the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Recent studies indicate that trimetallic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) [...] Read more.
The pursuit of efficient and sustainable hydrogen production is essential in the fight against climate change. One important method for achieving this is the electrolysis of water, particularly through the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Recent studies indicate that trimetallic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) can enhance OER performance compared to bimetallic LDHs. This improvement occurs because the third cation alters the electronic structures of the other two cations, thereby increasing the intermediates’ binding energies and enhancing electrical conductivity. This study proposes an approach enabling the modulation of the electronic structures of all three cations involved in the synthesis of the trimetallic LDHs. It suggested intercalating sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) into the interlayer of the trimetallic NiFe-La-LDH. A successful intercalation of SDS has been confirmed through the XRD, FT-IR, EDS, and XPS. This has expanded the interlayer distance which was beneficial for the electrical conductivity. Furthermore, SDS generated sulphur, which modulated the electronic structures of all three cations enriching the active sites and improving electrical conductivity and OER performance compared to its counterparts. This approach is beneficial: 1. The interlayer can be further enlarged by using different doping ratios of SDS. 2. Sulphur can enrich the active sites and improve the OER performance. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 6340 KiB  
Article
Application of Graphene in Acoustoelectronics
by Dmitry Roshchupkin, Oleg Kononenko, Viktor Matveev, Kirill Pundikov and Evgenii Emelin
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(21), 1720; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14211720 - 28 Oct 2024
Viewed by 975
Abstract
An interdigital transducer structure was fabricated from multilayer graphene on the surface of the YZ-cut of a LiNbO3 ferroelectric crystal. The multilayer graphene was prepared by CVD method and transferred onto the surface of the LiNbO3 substrate. The properties [...] Read more.
An interdigital transducer structure was fabricated from multilayer graphene on the surface of the YZ-cut of a LiNbO3 ferroelectric crystal. The multilayer graphene was prepared by CVD method and transferred onto the surface of the LiNbO3 substrate. The properties of the multilayer graphene film were studied by Raman spectroscopy. A multilayer graphene (MLG) interdigital transducer (IDT) structure for surface acoustic wave (SAW) excitation with a wavelength of Λ=60 μm was fabricated on the surface of the LiNbO3 crystal using electron beam lithography (EBL) and plasma chemical etching. The amplitude–frequency response of the SAW delay time line was measured. The process of SAW excitation by graphene IDT was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. It was demonstrated that the increase in the SAW velocity using graphene was related to the minimization of the IDT mass. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 6613 KiB  
Article
Innovative AI-Enhanced Ice Detection System Using Graphene-Based Sensors for Enhanced Aviation Safety and Efficiency
by Dario Farina, Hatim Machrafi, Patrick Queeckers, Patrice D. Dongo and Carlo Saverio Iorio
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(13), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14131135 - 1 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2141
Abstract
Ice formation on aircraft surfaces poses significant safety risks, and current detection systems often struggle to provide accurate, real-time predictions. This paper presents the development and comprehensive evaluation of a smart ice control system using a suite of machine learning models. The system [...] Read more.
Ice formation on aircraft surfaces poses significant safety risks, and current detection systems often struggle to provide accurate, real-time predictions. This paper presents the development and comprehensive evaluation of a smart ice control system using a suite of machine learning models. The system utilizes various sensors to detect temperature anomalies and signal potential ice formation. We trained and tested supervised learning models (Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest), unsupervised learning models (K-Means Clustering), and neural networks (Multilayer Perceptron) to predict and identify ice formation patterns. The experimental results demonstrate that our smart system, driven by machine learning, accurately predicts ice formation in real time, optimizes deicing processes, and enhances safety while reducing power consumption. This solution holds the potential for improving ice detection accuracy in aviation and other critical industries requiring robust predictive maintenance. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 5098 KiB  
Article
Rationalizing Graphene–ZnO Composites for Gas Sensing via Functionalization with Amines
by Maxim K. Rabchinskii, Victor V. Sysoev, Maria Brzhezinskaya, Maksim A. Solomatin, Vladimir S. Gabrelian, Demid A. Kirilenko, Dina Yu. Stolyarova, Sviatoslav D. Saveliev, Alexander V. Shvidchenko, Polina D. Cherviakova, Alexey S. Varezhnikov, Sergey I. Pavlov, Sergei A. Ryzhkov, Boris G. Khalturin, Nikita D. Prasolov and Pavel N. Brunkov
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(9), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14090735 - 23 Apr 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1830
Abstract
The rational design of composites based on graphene/metal oxides is one of the pillars for advancing their application in various practical fields, particularly gas sensing. In this study, a uniform distribution of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) through the graphene layer was achieved, taking advantage [...] Read more.
The rational design of composites based on graphene/metal oxides is one of the pillars for advancing their application in various practical fields, particularly gas sensing. In this study, a uniform distribution of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) through the graphene layer was achieved, taking advantage of amine functionalization. The beneficial effect of amine groups on the arrangement of ZnO NPs and the efficiency of their immobilization was revealed by core-level spectroscopy, pointing out strong ionic bonding between the aminated graphene (AmG) and ZnO. The stability of the resulting Am-ZnO nanocomposite was confirmed by demonstrating that its morphology remains unchanged even after prolonged heating up to 350 °C, as observed by electron microscopy. On-chip multisensor arrays composed of both AmG and Am-ZnO were fabricated and thoroughly tested, showing almost tenfold enhancement of the chemiresistive response upon decorating the AmG layer with ZnO nanoparticles, due to the formation of p-n heterojunctions. Operating at room temperature, the fabricated multisensor chips exhibited high robustness and a detection limit of 3.6 ppm and 5.1 ppm for ammonia and ethanol, respectively. Precise identification of the studied analytes was achieved by employing the pattern recognition technique based on linear discriminant analysis to process the acquired multisensor response. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

23 pages, 5319 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in Chemoresistive Gas Sensors Using Two-Dimensional Materials
by Jae-Kwon Ko, In-Hyeok Park, Kootak Hong and Ki Chang Kwon
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(17), 1397; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14171397 - 27 Aug 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2715
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a promising candidate in the chemoresistive gas sensor field to overcome the disadvantages of conventional metal-oxide semiconductors owing to their strong surface activities and high surface-to-volume ratio. This review summarizes the various approaches to enhance the 2D-material-based [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a promising candidate in the chemoresistive gas sensor field to overcome the disadvantages of conventional metal-oxide semiconductors owing to their strong surface activities and high surface-to-volume ratio. This review summarizes the various approaches to enhance the 2D-material-based gas sensors and provides an overview of their progress. The distinctive attributes of semiconductor gas sensors employing 2D materials will be highlighted with their inherent advantages and associated challenges. The general operating principles of semiconductor gas sensors and the unique characteristics of 2D materials in gas-sensing mechanisms will be explored. The pros and cons of 2D materials in gas-sensing channels are discussed, and a route to overcome the current challenges will be delivered. Finally, the recent advancements to enhance the performance of 2D-material-based gas sensors including photo-activation, heteroatom doping, defect engineering, heterostructures, and nanostructures will be discussed. This review should offer a broad range of readers a new perspective toward the future development of 2D-material-based gas sensors. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop