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Advances in Sustainable and Functional Bio-Based Porous Materials for Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 734

Special Issue Editors

Forest Products Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Madison, WI 53726, USA
Interests: lignin-based materials; biomass-derived carbon materials; nanomaterials; catalysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
School of Packaging, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: nanocellulose composites; hydrogel; aerogel; film; water remediation; food packaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The escalating global environmental crisis, driven by industrialization and anthropogenic activities, necessitates innovative and sustainable remediation strategies. Traditional methods often fall short in addressing the complex array of modern pollutants, including heavy metals, organic compounds, and emerging contaminants. In response, bio-based porous materials (BPMs) have emerged as a transformative solution, leveraging their unique structural and chemical properties for effective environmental cleanup. Derived from abundant and renewable biomass and waste resources, BPMs align intrinsically with circular economy principles by valorizing waste, reducing landfill burdens, and promoting resource recycling. These materials offer significant advantages, including lower energy consumption, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and inherent biodegradability, positioning them as economically viable and environmentally sound alternatives to conventional fossil fuel-based materials.

Dr. Qiangu Yan
Guest Editors

Dr. Yufei Nan
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

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Keywords

  • bio-based materials
  • porous structure
  • adsorption of heavy metals/organics/dyes/microplastics
  • sustainable processing

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 6396 KB  
Article
Fe-Modified Sewage Sludge Biochar for Efficient Removal of Nanoplastics from Water: Mechanistic Insights and Multi-Pathway Adsorption Analysis
by Minyan Wang, Jing Zhang, Junjie Zhang, Shuai Wu, Shengye Ou, Cheng Shen, Zhangtao Li, Chan Zhang and Jin Zhang
Molecules 2026, 31(5), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31050765 - 25 Feb 2026
Viewed by 397
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as pervasive aquatic pollutants due to their small size, high surface activity, and potential ecological and health risks. Although sludge-derived biochar is a sustainable adsorbent for NP removal, the relative importance of coexisting adsorption mechanisms remains poorly quantified. Here, [...] Read more.
Nanoplastics (NPs) have emerged as pervasive aquatic pollutants due to their small size, high surface activity, and potential ecological and health risks. Although sludge-derived biochar is a sustainable adsorbent for NP removal, the relative importance of coexisting adsorption mechanisms remains poorly quantified. Here, iron-modified sludge biochar (FeBC) was synthesized and evaluated for NP removal from water. Batch experiments showed that FeBC significantly outperformed pristine biochar, achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 96.09%. Adsorption was strongly pH-dependent, with enhanced removal under acidic conditions due to surface protonation and strengthened electrostatic attraction toward negatively charged NPs. SEM, BET, FTIR, and XPS analyses indicated that electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, π–π interactions, and pore adsorption jointly contributed to NP capture. Importantly, structural equation modeling quantitatively disentangled these mechanisms, revealing electrostatic interactions as the dominant driver (52.6%), followed by hydrogen bonding (23%), pore adsorption (16.6%), and π–π interactions (7.9%), and further identified synergistic and antagonistic relationships among them. These results demonstrate that surface charge regulation governs NP adsorption efficiency, providing a quantitative mechanistic basis for the rational design of biochar-based adsorbents. This study advances a multi-mechanistic framework for understanding and optimizing NP removal while promoting sludge resource valorization. Full article
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