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Sustainable Ionic Liquid Applications in Catalysis, Energy and in Engineering Aspects

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Special Issue Information
Keywords
Published Papers

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Organic Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 9495

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Rajkumar Kore

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Guest Editor

University of Kansas, Lawrence, UK
Interests: applications of ionic liquids in organic transformations; catalysis; material (such as zeolite, mesoporous metallosilicates, nanomaterials) synthesis, biomass, separation, etc.; development of sustainable catalysts for industrial processes; ionic liquid in energy (electrocatalysis; Li ion batteries; supercapacitors; fundamental understanding of new ionic liquid chemistry

Dr. Arvind H. Jadhav

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor

Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Global Campus, Kanakpura Road, Bangalore 562112, India
Interests: synthesis of novel ionic liquids and determination of their physicochemical property and application in different engineering aspects; supported ionic liquids for organic transformations and for the catalysis field; ionic liquid assisted nanomaterials for catalysis and energy applications; novel ionic liquids and polymeric ionic liquids for CO2 adsorption and conversion as well as in filtration processes; ionic liquids for membrane preparation and application in water filtration

Dr. Hui Wang

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor

Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: ionic liquids; green catalysis; natural product separation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to collect a series of research articles that allow one to emphasize the high interest of ionic liquid (IL)-based applications in many research areas, including catalysis, energy, biomass, etc. As many of you know, ILs have been used in many interdisciplinary research areas due to their tunable physicochemical properties, such as viscosity and density due to the wide liquid range, ionic conductivity, acidity, high stability, null volatility, etc. This Special Issue can help many researchers to publish their original research articles. Reviews articles by experts in the field are particularly welcomed.

We hope that this Special Issue will demonstrate the possibilities and drawbacks of ionic liquids and will provide a guide for new directions in sustainable processes.

Dr. Rajkumar Kore
Guest Editor

Dr. Arvind H. Jadhav
Dr. Hui Wang
Co-Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Ionic liquids for chemical reaction kinetics and engineering
Ionic liquids in material synthesis, energy application, and electrocatalysis
Ionic liquids in catalysis and in organic transformations
Ionic liquids for biomass applications, separation, and purification techniques
Novel ionic liquids and polymeric/supported ionic liquids for CO2 adsorption and conversion
Ionic liquids for membrane preparation and application in water filtration

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2255 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Catalytic Conversion of Glucose into Levulinic Acid Using 2-Phenyl-2-Imidazoline Based Ionic Liquid Catalyst

by Komal Kumar, Mukesh Kumar and Sreedevi Upadhyayula

Molecules 2021, 26(2), 348; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020348 - 12 Jan 2021

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2339

Abstract

Levulinic acid (LA) is an industrially important product that can be catalytically valorized into important value-added chemicals. In this study, hydrothermal conversion of glucose into levulinic acid was attempted using Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalyst synthesized using 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline, and 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid catalyst used in this study was synthesized in the laboratory using different anions (NO₃, H₂PO₄, and Cl) and characterized using ¹H NMR, TGA, and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The activity trend of the Brønsted acidic ionic liquid catalysts synthesized in the laboratory was found in the following order: [C₄SO₃HPhim][Cl] > [C₄SO₃HPhim][NO₃] > [C₄SO₃HPhim][H₂PO₄]. A maximum 63% yield of the levulinic acid was obtained with 98% glucose conversion at 180 °C and 3 h reaction time using [C₄SO₃HPhim][Cl] ionic liquid catalyst. The effect of different reaction conditions such as reaction time, temperature, ionic liquid catalyst structures, catalyst amount, and solvents on the LA yield were investigated. Reusability of [C₄SO₃HPhim][Cl] catalyst up to four cycles was observed. This study demonstrates the potential of the 2-phenyl-2-imidazoline-based ionic liquid for the conversion of glucose into the important platform chemical levulinic acid. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ionic Liquid Applications in Catalysis, Energy and in Engineering Aspects)

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Review

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26 pages, 719 KiB

Open AccessReview

Advances in Enzyme and Ionic Liquid Immobilization for Enhanced in MOFs for Biodiesel Production

by Reem Shomal, Babatunde Ogubadejo, Toyin Shittu, Eyas Mahmoud, Wei Du and Sulaiman Al-Zuhair

Molecules 2021, 26(12), 3512; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123512 - 9 Jun 2021

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3704

Abstract

Biodiesel is a promising candidate for sustainable and renewable energy and extensive research is being conducted worldwide to optimize its production process. The employed catalyst is an important parameter in biodiesel production. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are a set of highly porous materials comprising coordinated bonds between metals and organic ligands, have recently been proposed as catalysts. MOFs exhibit high tunability, possess high crystallinity and surface area, and their order can vary from the atomic to the microscale level. However, their catalytic sites are confined inside their porous structure, limiting their accessibility for biodiesel production. Modification of MOF structure by immobilizing enzymes or ionic liquids (ILs) could be a solution to this challenge and can lead to better performance and provide catalytic systems with higher activities. This review compiles the recent advances in catalytic transesterification for biodiesel production using enzymes or ILs. The available literature clearly indicates that MOFs are the most suitable immobilization supports, leading to higher biodiesel production without affecting the catalytic activity while increasing the catalyst stability and reusability in several cycles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ionic Liquid Applications in Catalysis, Energy and in Engineering Aspects)

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18 pages, 37403 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Multi-Interactions in Ionic Liquids for Natural Product Extraction

by Ying Zhang, Yingying Cao and Hui Wang

Molecules 2021, 26(1), 98; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010098 - 28 Dec 2020

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2840

Abstract

Natural products with a variety of pharmacological effects are important sources for commercial drugs, and it is very crucial to develop effective techniques to selectively extract and isolate bioactive natural components from the plants against the background of sustainable development. Ionic liquids (ILs) are a kind of designable material with unique physicochemical properties, including good thermal stability, negligible vapor pressure, good solvation ability, etc. ILs have already been used in pharmaceuticals for extraction, purification, drug delivery, etc. It has been reported that multi-interactions, like hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, play important roles in the extraction of bioactive components from the plants. In this review, recent progress in the understanding of scientific essence of hydrogen bonding, the special interaction, in ILs was summarized. The extraction of various natural products, one important area in pharmaceutical, by conventional and functional ILs as well as the specific roles of multi-interactions in this process were also reviewed. Moreover, problems existing in bioactive compound extraction by ILs and the future developing trends of this area are given, which might be helpful for scientists, especially beginners, in this field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Ionic Liquid Applications in Catalysis, Energy and in Engineering Aspects)

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