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Bioactivity of Natural Compounds: From Plants to Humans, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 701

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
Interests: diabetes mellitus; obesity; age-related diseases; advanced glycation end products (AGEs); medicinal plants; enzyme activity; pharmacokinetics; ADMET; pharmacotherapy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive natural compounds are secondary metabolites isolated from plants and marine organisms that can influence the human body and can also act as beneficial agents against disease. The use of isolated active compounds versus crude extracts allows one to define the precise dosage of the principle useful to induce efficacy. Studies on isolated compounds can support the use of natural products in traditional medicine and can drive the discovery of new active compounds that can be further developed as drugs.

Biologically active compounds are divided into three main classes, such as phenolic, terpene, and nitrogen compounds. Several compounds in these groups may be beneficial in cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is involved in several human diseases, including arteriosclerosis, arterial stiffness, vascular thrombosis, and many others. Among all, soluble adhesion molecules, such as E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, and factors of the coagulation pathway, such as Willebrand factor and soluble thrombomodulin, in addition to various cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and C-reactive protein, are involved in vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are implicated in tissue damages. Therefore, the search for new agents that can selectively inhibit markers of cardiovascular damage is especially interesting in the development of new drugs.

In this Special Issue, we welcome research articles and reviews on the identification of new active compounds of natural origin, as well as compounds already known for which new mechanisms of action or new activities are highlighted. Studies on natural compounds, both in vitro and in vivo, are of interest. 

Dr. Guglielmina Froldi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • natural compounds
  • blood vessel
  • endothelium dysfunction
  • advanced glycation end products (AGEs)
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • cytokines
  • ADMET properties
  • pharmacokinetics
  • gender difference

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Research

21 pages, 4404 KB  
Article
Exploring the Antidiabetic Properties of Polyalthia longifolia Leaf and Stem Extracts: In Vitro α-Glucosidase and Glycation Inhibition
by Guglielmina Froldi, Marguerite Kamdem Simo, Laura Tomasi, Giulia Tadiotto, Francine Medjiofack Djeujo, Xavier Gabriel Fopokam, Emmanuel Souana, Modeste Lambert Sameza, Pierre Michel Jazet and Fabrice Fekam Boyom
Molecules 2025, 30(21), 4264; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30214264 - 31 Oct 2025
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Abstract
Polyalthia longifolia, a member of the Annonaceae family, is traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including as an antidiabetic remedy, primarily in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated the potential of six P. longifolia extracts in counteracting hyperglycemia and diabetes-related complications. [...] Read more.
Polyalthia longifolia, a member of the Annonaceae family, is traditionally used for its medicinal properties, including as an antidiabetic remedy, primarily in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. This study investigated the potential of six P. longifolia extracts in counteracting hyperglycemia and diabetes-related complications. Aqueous, ethanol, and methanol extracts from leaves and stems were evaluated for their antihyperglycemic, antiglycation, and antiradical properties using α-glucosidase, BSA, and ORAC assays, respectively. Phytochemical characterization was conducted using TPC and TFC assays, and HPLC analysis identified specific bioactive compounds, including various phenolic compounds (gallic acid, (+)-catechin, epicatechin, caffeic acid, ellagic acid and rosmarinic acid) and flavonoids (luteolin, kaempferol and baicalein). The MTT assay on the human cell line HT-29 assessed the activity of extracts on cell viability, showing slight cytotoxicity. Results demonstrated significant antidiabetic activity of the ethanol and methanol extracts from P. longifolia leaves. This study provides new insights into the potential use of P. longifolia in diabetes mellitus and supports the valorization of traditional medicinal plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactivity of Natural Compounds: From Plants to Humans, 2nd Edition)
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