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Micromachines
Special Issues
Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition
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Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "C：Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 November 2026 | Viewed by 2129

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bin Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Interests: clusteroluminescence materials; carbonized polymer dots; luminescent solar concentrators
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lei Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Interests: electrochromic materials and devices; supercapacitors; Li/Zn-ions battery; electrolytes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yaling Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
Interests: carbon dots; organic solar cells; light-emitting diodes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, titled "Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition", focuses on the research and development of advanced materials and devices for energy conversion applications. The primary goal is to address growing global energy demands and environmental concerns by exploring innovative solutions for more efficient energy conversion and storage. This Special Issue will feature high-quality original research articles and review articles written by leading experts in the field. The articles will spotlight the latest advancements in energy conversion materials, including novel materials synthesis methods, structural characterization, and property evaluation. Additionally, this collection will cover the development of innovative devices, such as high-performance solar cells, fuel cells, and batteries, as well as their integration into energy systems for sustainable energy generation and storage. This Special Issue aims at inspiring further research and innovations in the field, ultimately accelerating the transition towards a sustainable energy future.

Dr. Bin Liu
Dr. Lei Liu
Dr. Yaling Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photovoltaics
  • fuel cells
  • supercapacitors
  • batteries
  • luminescent solar concentrators
  • light-emitting diodes
  • optoelectronic materials
  • thermoelectric materials
  • luminescent materials
  • hydrogen energy materials
  • photocatalytic materials
  • photothermal materials
  • electrochromic materials and devices

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3206 KB  
Article
Effect of Channel Height on CO2-to-CH4 Reduction in Microchannel Electrocatalysis
by Zheng-Yan Lei, Nguyen Van Toan, Masaya Toda, Ioana Voiculescu and Takahito Ono
Micromachines 2026, 17(2), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17020148 - 23 Jan 2026
Viewed by 543
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising approach to mitigate rising atmospheric CO2 levels while converting CO2 into valuable products such as CH4. Conversion into other useful substances further expands its potential applications. However, the efficiency of the CO [...] Read more.
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction is a promising approach to mitigate rising atmospheric CO2 levels while converting CO2 into valuable products such as CH4. Conversion into other useful substances further expands its potential applications. However, the efficiency of the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is strongly influenced by device geometry and CO2 mass transfer in the electrolyte. In this work, we present and evaluate microchannel electrocatalytic devices consisting of a porous Cu cathode and a Pt anode, fabricated via metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE). The porous surfaces generated through MACE enhanced reaction activity. To study the impact of the distance between electrodes, several devices with different channel heights were fabricated and tested. The device with the highest CH4 selectivity had a narrow inter-electrode gap of 50 μm and achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 56 ± 11% at an applied potential of −5 V versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. This efficiency was considerably higher than that of the device with larger inter-electrode gaps (300 and 480 μm). This reduced efficiency in the larger channel was attributed to limited CO2 availability at the cathode surface. Bubble visualization experiments further demonstrated that the electrolyte flow rate had a strong impact on supplied CO2 bubble morphology and mass transfer. At a flow rate of 0.75 mL/min, smaller CO2 bubbles were formed, increasing the gas–liquid interfacial area and thereby enhancing CO2 dissolution into the electrolyte. These results underline the critical role of electrode gap design and bubble dynamics in optimizing microchannel electrocatalytic devices for efficient CO2RR. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 3014 KB  
Article
The Application of High-Performance Silver Nanowire and Metal Oxide Composite Electrodes as Window Electrodes in Electroluminescent Devices
by Xingzhen Yan, Ziyao Niu, Mengying Lyu, Yanjie Wang, Fan Yang, Chao Wang, Yaodan Chi and Xiaotian Yang
Micromachines 2026, 17(1), 141; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17010141 - 22 Jan 2026
Viewed by 374
Abstract
In this paper, composite structures were fabricated by incorporating silver nanowires (AgNWs) with various metal oxides via the sol–gel method. This approach enhanced the electrical performance of AgNW-based transparent electrodes while simultaneously improving their stability under damp heat conditions and modifying the local [...] Read more.
In this paper, composite structures were fabricated by incorporating silver nanowires (AgNWs) with various metal oxides via the sol–gel method. This approach enhanced the electrical performance of AgNW-based transparent electrodes while simultaneously improving their stability under damp heat conditions and modifying the local medium environment surrounding the AgNW meshes. The randomly distributed AgNW meshes fabricated via drop-coating were treated with plasma to remove surface organic residues and reduce the inter-nanowire contact resistance. Subsequently, a zinc oxide (ZnO) coating was applied to further decrease the sheet resistance (Rsheet) value. The pristine AgNW mesh exhibits an Rsheet of 17.4 ohm/sq and an optical transmittance of 93.06% at a wavelength of 550 nm. After treatment, the composite structure achieves a reduced Rsheet of 8.7 ohm/sq while maintaining a high optical transmittance of 92.20%. The use of AgNW meshes as window electrodes enhances electron injection efficiency and facilitates the coupling mechanism between localized surface plasmon resonances and excitons. Compared with conventional ITO transparent electrodes, the incorporation of the AgNW mesh leads to a 17-fold enhancement in ZnO emission intensity under identical injection current conditions. Moreover, the unique scattering characteristics of the AgNW and metal oxide composite structure effectively reduce photon reflection at the device interface, thereby broadening the angular distribution of emitted light in electroluminescent devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition)
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18 pages, 5704 KB  
Article
Multiphysics Measurement Method for Supercapacitors State of Health Determination
by Thomas Doucet, Jean-François Mogniotte, Raphaël Amiot, Alaa Hijazi, Pascal Venet, Minh-Quyen Le and Pierre-Jean Cottinet
Micromachines 2025, 16(11), 1295; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16111295 - 19 Nov 2025
Viewed by 785
Abstract
This work presents a comparative study on the ageing of supercapacitors and a method for monitoring their state of health (SoH) through mechanical deformation. This study aims to evaluate the accelerated ageing behaviours of these systems under specific cycling conditions and temperatures, allowing [...] Read more.
This work presents a comparative study on the ageing of supercapacitors and a method for monitoring their state of health (SoH) through mechanical deformation. This study aims to evaluate the accelerated ageing behaviours of these systems under specific cycling conditions and temperatures, allowing the establishment of a correlation between SoH and casing deformation in supercapacitors. Experimental ageing tests revealed supercapacitors displayed an initial “burning” phase followed by a linear ageing trend. Strain gauges were employed to measure the mechanical deformation of supercapacitor casings, providing real-time insights into their SoH. Capacitance fading in supercapacitors was modelled using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory, hypothesizing that gas adsorption during ageing significantly contributes to performance decline. Model predictions were validated against experimental data, demonstrating a clear correlation between capacitance fading, internal resistance, remaining energy, and casing deformation. This work highlights the potential of mechanical deformation monitoring as a practical and non-invasive approach for assessing the SoH of supercapacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Conversion Materials/Devices and Their Applications, 2nd Edition)
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