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Micromachines
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Biosensors for Diagnostic and Detection Applications, 2nd Edition
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Biosensors for Diagnostic and Detection Applications, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B1: Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2025 | Viewed by 7588

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qingbo (Roger) Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cooperative Research, College of Agriculture, Environmental and Human Sciences, Lincoln University of Missouri, Jefferson City, MO 65101, USA
Interests: analytical chemistry; sensors; nanomaterials; molecular cell biology; bionics
Dr. Ray (Ruipu) Mu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Centenary College of Louisiana, Shreveport, LA 71104, USA
Interests: environmental toxicity; phytoremediation; water research; biochemistry of emerging contaminants; contaminant-induced cellular metabolic alternations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biosensors have attracted significant interest in recent years. A biosensor includes two main components: a biological component, such as a cell or enzyme, and a physical component, such as an amplifier or transducer. Biosensors based on various sensing platforms, such as electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, thermometric, and lab-on-a-chip platforms, have been studied. The main features of biosensors are stability, sensitivity, cost, and reproducibility. Based on the type of biorecognition unit, biosensors are classified as enzymatic, nucleic acid-based, aptamer-based, antibody-based, and whole-cell-based biosensors.

The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the diagnostic and detection applications of biosensors in healthcare, biotechnology, biomedicine, chemistry, environmental monitoring, and food safety. We invite the submission of full research papers, review articles, and communications covering related topics. This Special Issue is devoted to the research, design, and development of biosensors and will therefore include research and comprehensive reviews from researchers, pioneers, and experts in the biopolymer, nanotechnology, biotechnology, biomedicine, and chemistry fields in order to develop the diagnostic and detection applications of biosensors. 

Dr. Qingbo (Roger) Yang
Dr. Ray (Ruipu) Mu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • diagnostics
  • biotechnology
  • biomedicine
  • nanomaterials

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2766 KiB  
Article
Low-Cost and Portable Biosensor Based on Monitoring Impedance Changes in Aptamer-Functionalized Nanoporous Anodized Aluminum Oxide Membrane
by Nianyu Jiang and Pranav Shrotriya
Micromachines 2025, 16(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16010035 - 29 Dec 2024
Viewed by 936
Abstract
We report a low-cost, portable biosensor composed of an aptamer-functionalized nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (NAAO) membrane and a commercial microcontroller chip-based impedance reader suitable for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensing. The biosensor consists of two chambers separated by an aptamer-functionalized NAAO membrane, and [...] Read more.
We report a low-cost, portable biosensor composed of an aptamer-functionalized nanoporous anodic aluminum oxide (NAAO) membrane and a commercial microcontroller chip-based impedance reader suitable for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensing. The biosensor consists of two chambers separated by an aptamer-functionalized NAAO membrane, and the impedance reader is utilized to monitor transmembrane impedance changes. The biosensor is utilized to detect amodiaquine molecules using an amodiaquine-binding aptamer (OR7)-functionalized membrane. The aptamer-functionalized membrane is exposed to different concentrations of amodiaquine molecules to characterize the sensitivity of the sensor response. The specificity of the sensor response is characterized by exposure to varying concentrations of chloroquine, which is similar in structure to amodiaquine but does not bind to the OR7 aptamer. A commercial potentiostat is also used to measure the sensor response for amodiaquine and chloroquine. The sensing response measured using both the portable impedance reader and the commercial potentiostat showed a similar dynamic response and detection threshold. The specific and sensitive sensing results for amodiaquine demonstrate the efficacy of the low-cost and portable biosensor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Diagnostic and Detection Applications, 2nd Edition)
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12 pages, 1940 KiB  
Article
Cost-Effective Bioimpedance Spectroscopy System for Monitoring Syncytialization In Vitro: Experimental and Numerical Validation of BeWo Cell Fusion
by Karim Saadé, Mohammed Areeb Hussain, Shannon A. Bainbridge, Raphael St-Gelais, Fabio Variola and Marianne Fenech
Micromachines 2024, 15(12), 1506; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15121506 - 18 Dec 2024
Viewed by 4847
Abstract
The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient and oxygen exchange during pregnancy, yet the effects of medicinal drugs on this selective barrier remain poorly understood. To overcome this, this study presents a cost-effective bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) system to assess tight junction integrity [...] Read more.
The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient and oxygen exchange during pregnancy, yet the effects of medicinal drugs on this selective barrier remain poorly understood. To overcome this, this study presents a cost-effective bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) system to assess tight junction integrity and monolayer formation in BeWo b30 cells, a widely used model of the multinucleated maternal–fetal exchange surface of the placental barrier. Cells were cultured on collagen-coated porous membranes and treated with forskolin to induce controlled syncytialization. Electrical impedance was measured using an entry level impedance analyzer, while immunofluorescence staining was used to confirm monolayer formation and syncytialization. The measurements and staining confirmed the formation of a confluent monolayer on day 4. In fact, the electrical resistance tripled for treated samples indicating a more electrically restrictive barrier. This resistance remained constant for treated samples reflecting the intact barrier’s integrity over the next 3 days. The measurements show that, on day 4, the electrical capacitance of the cells decreased for the treated samples as opposed to the untreated samples. This reflects that the surface area of the BeWo b30 cells decreased when the samples were treated with forskolin. Finally, a COMSOL model was developed to explore the effects of electrode positioning, depth, and distance on TEER measurements, explaining discrepancies in the literature. In fact, there was a substantial 97% and 39.4% difference in the obtained TEER values. This study demonstrates the AD2 device’s feasibility for monitoring placental barrier integrity and emphasizes the need for standardized setups for comparable results. The system can hence be used to analyze drug effects and nutrient transfer across the placental barrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Diagnostic and Detection Applications, 2nd Edition)
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13 pages, 3031 KiB  
Communication
Enhancing Flexible Neural Probe Performance via Platinum Deposition: Impedance Stability under Various Conditions and In Vivo Neural Signal Monitoring
by Daerl Park, Hyeonyeong Jeong, Jungsik Choi, Juyeon Han, Honglin Piao, Jaehyun Kim, Seonghoon Park, Mingu Song, Dowoo Kim, Jaesuk Sung, Eunji Cheong and Heonjin Choi
Micromachines 2024, 15(8), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15081058 - 22 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1347
Abstract
Monitoring neural activity in the central nervous system often utilizes silicon-based microelectromechanical system (MEMS) probes. Despite their effectiveness in monitoring, these probes have a fragility issue, limiting their application across various fields. This study introduces flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) neural probes characterized [...] Read more.
Monitoring neural activity in the central nervous system often utilizes silicon-based microelectromechanical system (MEMS) probes. Despite their effectiveness in monitoring, these probes have a fragility issue, limiting their application across various fields. This study introduces flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) neural probes characterized by robust mechanical and electrical properties. The probes demonstrate low impedance after platinum coating, making them suitable for multiunit recordings in awake animals. This capability allows for the simultaneous monitoring of a large population of neurons in the brain, including cluster data. Additionally, these probes exhibit no fractures, mechanical failures, or electrical issues during repeated-bending tests, both during handling and monitoring. Despite the possibility of using this neural probe for signal measurement in awake animals, simply applying a platinum coating may encounter difficulties in chronic tests and other applications. Furthermore, this suggests that FPCB probes can be advanced by any method and serve as an appropriate type of tailorable neural probes for monitoring neural systems in awake animals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Diagnostic and Detection Applications, 2nd Edition)
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