Versatile Cell Culture Platforms Regulating Stem Cells Fate

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B2: Biofabrication and Tissue Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 2087

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Guest Editor
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
Interests: 3D printing; stem cells; nanomaterials; polymer scaffolds; tissue engineering
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioreactors are a “specialized room” that provides the appropriate cell cultures and preservation environment to grow cells and tissues. A versatile cell culture platform, a so called “bioreactor”, can provide the fundamental chemical and mechanical environment to affect kinetics and tissue regenerations. Cells depend heavily on bioelectromechanical forces to maintain their functions: the distributions of nutrients and regulatory factors, and system process control. For these reasons, a bioreactor is a crucial technique and process to create informative platforms of stem cells and tissue structures for clinical purposes or biomedical engineering toolboxes. Bioreactor technology has demonstrated enormous potential in biological and tissue engineering applications due to its outstanding advantages, for example, enhanced functional operation, precious peristaltic flow pumping, dynamic three-dimensional regeneration of tissue culture, and an automated control environment through manufacturing techniques using advanced, state-of-the-art methods. There are many advancements and breakthroughs developing in the academic/industrial community, and there are a few challenges emerging, accordingly, in reactor designs, structures, fabrication, integration, automation, real-time cell monitoring, and applications of bioreactors for all kinds of biological and tissue regeneration. This Special Issue aims to collate and uncover research papers, short communications, perspectives, and insightful review articles from esteemed colleagues that demonstrate (1) original works on the topic of cell culture platforms from the large scale through to the microscale, or cell incubators/3D-printed platforms based on various kinds of flow-induced gradients and stimuli for tissue regeneration; and (2) new developments and potentials of applying bioreactor technology of any kind in biological and tissue regeneration. The objective of this Special Edition is to provide insightful information on dynamic cell culture reactors concerning technological advancements for researchers in the community.

Dr. Ki-Taek Lim
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cell culture platform
  • stem cell fate
  • bioreactor design
  • flow-induced gradients and stimuli
  • tissue engineering

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 3946 KiB  
Article
Fluid Flow Mechanical Stimulation-Assisted Cartridge Device for the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
by Ki-Taek Lim, Dinesh-K. Patel, Sayan-Deb Dutta and Keya Ganguly
Micromachines 2021, 12(8), 927; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12080927 - 03 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1653
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into different types of mesodermal tissues. In vitro proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs are necessary for bone regeneration in tissue engineering. The present study aimed to design and develop a fluid flow mechanically-assisted [...] Read more.
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into different types of mesodermal tissues. In vitro proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs are necessary for bone regeneration in tissue engineering. The present study aimed to design and develop a fluid flow mechanically-assisted cartridge device to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. We used the fluorescence-activated cell-sorting method to analyze the multipotent properties of hMSCs and found that the cultured cells retained their stemness potential. We also evaluated the cell viabilities of the cultured cells via water-soluble tetrazolium salt 1 (WST-1) assay under different rates of flow (0.035, 0.21, and 0.35 mL/min) and static conditions and found that the cell growth rate was approximately 12% higher in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition than the other conditions. Moreover, the cultured cells were healthy and adhered properly to the culture substrate. Enhanced mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity were also observed under different perfusion conditions compared to the static conditions, indicating that the applied conditions play important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs. Furthermore, we determined the expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes, including the runt-related protein 2 (Runx2), collagen type I (Col1), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), under various perfusion vis-à-vis static conditions and found that they were significantly affected by the applied conditions. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensities of OCN and OPN osteogenic gene markers were found to be enhanced in the 0.035 mL/min flow condition compared to the control, indicating that it was a suitable condition for osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the findings of this study reveal that the developed cartridge device promotes the proliferation and differentiation of hMSCs and can potentially be used in the field of tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Versatile Cell Culture Platforms Regulating Stem Cells Fate)
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