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Metabolic Biomarkers in Cardiometabolic Disease: Early Detection, Risk Assessment, and...
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Metabolic Biomarkers in Cardiometabolic Disease: Early Detection, Risk Assessment, and Guiding Treatment

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Clinical Metabolic Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2026 | Viewed by 1735

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
Interests: cardiometabolic disorders; diabetes; hypertension; atherosclerosis; endothelial dysfunction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially in the course of atherosclerosis, are one of the most critical challenges for contemporary medicine. Despite significant progress in diagnosis and treatment in recent years, CVDs remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world. Prevention and optimal control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension are crucial.

Gaining a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CVDs, including the course and importance of biochemical pathways and cellular signal transduction mechanisms, is critical for developing new methods to assess the cardiovascular system and new therapeutic options. From the current perspective, biochemical and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, altered metabolism, and the oxidative modification of lipoproteins, as well as the inflammatory process within the vessel wall, are of particular interest. Visceral adipose tissue and the adipokines secreted by it are also of great interest in the context of the pathogenesis of CVDs. We should also seek new concepts and directions for advancing knowledge of CVD pathogenesis, which may translate into more effective preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic options.

We cordially encourage scientists from around the world to share the results of their research on the topics described in this Special Issue of the journal Metabolites.

Dr. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atherosclerosis
  • biomarkers
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • dyslipidemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • visceral adipose tissue
  • myocardial ischemia

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 1414 KB  
Article
Age- and Sex-Specific Patterns of Arterial Stiffness Assessed by Cardio–Ankle Vascular Index in Apparently Healthy Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Kai-Wen Hu, Bo-Li Cheng, Pin-Shi Ni, Zhuang-Zhi Wang and Fang-Hui Li
Metabolites 2026, 16(5), 300; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16050300 - 29 Apr 2026
Viewed by 419
Abstract
Objective: This study examined age- and sex-specific correlates of arterial stiffness, assessed by the cardio–ankle vascular index (CAVI), in apparently healthy Chinese adults using an anthropometric–metabolic–inflammatory framework, and descriptively compared subgroup association patterns across these domains. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 525 apparently [...] Read more.
Objective: This study examined age- and sex-specific correlates of arterial stiffness, assessed by the cardio–ankle vascular index (CAVI), in apparently healthy Chinese adults using an anthropometric–metabolic–inflammatory framework, and descriptively compared subgroup association patterns across these domains. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 525 apparently healthy Chinese adults aged 20–78 years were included. Regression models with age-by-indicator interaction terms were used to test whether the age–CAVI association varied across anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory indicators. Sex-adjusted analyses were applied to the overall sample, sex-stratified analyses were used to characterize sex-specific patterns, and the Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate correction was applied for multiple interaction tests. Results: CAVI increased progressively with age, with a steeper age–CAVI association after 50 years (p < 0.05). Notably, females showed a transient midlife elevation. Association patterns appeared to differ by sex. In the sex-stratified interaction analyses, anthropometric signals were more prominent in men, particularly for height (p < 0.01), whereas metabolic-related interaction signals were more evident in women, with triglycerides providing the clearest corresponding signal and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showing a weaker accompanying pattern; the C-reactive protein (CRP)-related contrast was not retained after additional adjustment for blood pressure and smoking. Conclusions: CAVI increased with age, with a steeper rise after midlife and a transient midlife elevation in women. The association patterns across anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory indicators appeared to differ by sex, with signals from the anthropometric domain appearing more evident in men and metabolic-related signals appearing more evident in women. These findings suggest that age- and sex-specific interpretation of CAVI may be informative in preventive health check-up settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Biomarkers in Cardiometabolic Disease: Early Detection, Risk Assessment, and Guiding Treatment)
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16 pages, 599 KB  
Article
Association Between Chronotype and Cardiometabolic Risk in 1462 Adults from the General Population: Mediation Analysis of Body Fat Percentage and Waist-to-Height Ratio
by Alexander Javier Iman Torres, Jessy Patricia Vásquez Chumbe, Jorge Armando Sifuentes Da Silva, Roger Ruiz-Paredes, Alenguer Gerónimo Alva Arévalo, Wilson Guerra Sangama, Antonio Castillo-Paredes and Jose Jairo Narrea Vargas
Metabolites 2026, 16(4), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo16040243 - 4 Apr 2026
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Introduction: Circadian misalignment has been proposed as a potential determinant of cardiometabolic risk. Chronotype, as an expression of individual circadian organization, has been associated with unfavorable metabolic profiles; however, the role of total and central adiposity as potential mediating mechanisms in this relationship [...] Read more.
Introduction: Circadian misalignment has been proposed as a potential determinant of cardiometabolic risk. Chronotype, as an expression of individual circadian organization, has been associated with unfavorable metabolic profiles; however, the role of total and central adiposity as potential mediating mechanisms in this relationship remains incompletely understood. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the association between chronotype and cardiometabolic risk in adults and to evaluate the potential mediating role of body fat percentage (BF%) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Methods: An observational study was conducted in 1462 adults from the general population. Chronotype was assessed using the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and cardiometabolic risk was evaluated using a continuous cardiometabolic risk score (CMRS) derived from waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglycerides (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and total cholesterol (TC). Multiple linear regression models adjusted for covariates were used to examine the association between chronotype and CMRS, and hierarchical regression was performed to estimate the incremental contribution of adiposity indicators. Mediation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro (Model 4) with 95% bootstrap confidence intervals. Results: Chronotype was independently associated with CMRS after adjustment for covariates (β = 0.055; p = 0.030), although the effect size and explained variance were small. In hierarchical regression analysis, the inclusion of chronotype explained a small but significant increase in CMRS variance (ΔR2 = 0.003; p = 0.030). The addition of adiposity indicators significantly increased the explained variance (ΔR2 = 0.014; p < 0.001), with WHtR emerging as the most relevant predictor in the final model. Bootstrap mediation analysis did not reveal significant indirect effects of BF% or WHtR on the relationship between chronotype and CMRS. In sensitivity analyses excluding waist circumference from the CMRS, the association between chronotype and cardiometabolic risk was no longer significant (β = −0.001; p = 0.974). Conclusions: Chronotype showed a modest association with cardiometabolic risk in the primary analysis. However, sensitivity analyses indicated that this association may partly depend on the inclusion of waist circumference within the composite cardiometabolic risk score. These findings highlight the central role of abdominal adiposity in cardiometabolic health and suggest that the relationship between chronotype and cardiometabolic risk should be interpreted with caution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolic Biomarkers in Cardiometabolic Disease: Early Detection, Risk Assessment, and Guiding Treatment)
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