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Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo
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Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 30293

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Liliana C. Tomé

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Guest Editor
LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: poly(ionic liquid)s; ionic liquids; gas separation; membranes; bio-based polymers; composites; ion gels; bioelectronic devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luisa A. Neves

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Guest Editor
LAQV/REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: mixed matrix membranes; ionic liquids; metal–organic frameworks; gas separation; biopolymeric structures; biomedical applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Isabel Coelhoso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: design of biopolymer membranes for biotechnology applications; biodegradable polymers and nanocomposites for food packaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is in honour of Professor João Crespo, who is well known in the membrane community and was recently distinguished as an honorary member of the European Membrane Society. He is a full professor of Chemical Engineering, Head of the Laboratory of Membrane Processes and Coordinator of the Research Centre LAQV/REQUIMTE, the largest research centre in Portugal, focused on research and education in Sustainable Chemistry and Processes, at Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. He is also a founder of the spin-off company “Zeyton Nutraceuticals”, former Vice-President of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portuguese National Science Foundation), Academic Dean of NOVA School of Science and Technology and Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation of Universidade NOVA de Lisboa. He is a member of the Portuguese Academy of Engineers and was awarded with the “Estímulo à Excelência” by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education as one of the top Portuguese researchers in all domains.

He has more than 350 peer-reviewed journal papers with more than 8500 citations and an h-index of 50.  He participated in all major conferences in Membrane Science and Engineering, giving inspiring plenary, keynote or invited lectures at ICOM, Euromembrane, NAMS,  the Gordon Research Conference, Engineering with Membranes, CITEM, Permea and MelPro, among others.

He has also been very active in education programmes in Membrane Science and Technology, namely the European Master programme EM3E and later EM3E-4SW, coordinated by Prof. Andre Ayral, and the Doctoral programme, Eudime, coordinated by Prof. Enrico Drioli.

In recognition of Prof. João Crespo's scientific and educational contributions to the field of membranes, this Special Issue welcomes the submission of original research manuscripts or reviews on all aspects of membranes.

Dr. Liliana C. Tomé
Dr. Luisa A. Neves
Dr. Isabel M. Coelhoso
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • membrane materials and processes
  • bioseparations
  • water treatment and valorisation of bioresources
  • gas separation
  • process monitoring

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Published Papers (11 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3856 KiB  
Article
Oxyanion Removal from Impaired Water by Donnan Dialysis Plug Flow Contactors
by Shalom Fox, Kristina Stadnik, Amit K. Thakur, Lior Farkash, Zeev Ronen, Yoram Oren and Jack Gilron
Membranes 2023, 13(11), 856; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13110856 - 26 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1615
Abstract
In the last twenty-five years, extensive work has been done on ion exchange membrane bioreactors (IEMB) combining Donnan dialysis and anaerobic reduction to remove trace oxyanions (e.g., perchlorate, nitrate, chlorate, arsenate) from contaminated water sources. Most studies used Donnan dialysis contactors with high [...] Read more.
In the last twenty-five years, extensive work has been done on ion exchange membrane bioreactors (IEMB) combining Donnan dialysis and anaerobic reduction to remove trace oxyanions (e.g., perchlorate, nitrate, chlorate, arsenate) from contaminated water sources. Most studies used Donnan dialysis contactors with high recirculation rates on the feed side, so under continuous operation, the effective concentration on the feed side of the membrane is the same as the exit concentration (CSTR mode). We have built, characterized, and modelled a plug flow Donnan dialysis contactor (PFR) that maximizes concentration on the feed side and operated it on feed solutions spiked with perchlorate and nitrate ion using ACS and PCA-100 anion exchange membranes. At identical feed inlet concentrations with the ACS membrane, membrane area loading rates are three-fold greater, and fluxes are more than double in the PFR contactor than in the CSTR contactor. A model based on the nonlinear adsorption of perchlorate in ACS membrane correctly predicted the trace ion concentration as a function of space-time in experiments with ACS. For PCA membrane, a linear flux dependence on feed concentration correctly described trace ion feed concentration as a function of space-time. Anion permeability for PCA-100 was high enough that the overall mass transfer was affected by the film boundary layer resistance. These results provide a basis for efficiently scaling up Donnan dialysis contactors and incorporating them in full-scale IEMB setups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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16 pages, 1640 KiB  
Article
Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration for the Removal of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds from Water: The Effect of Operating Pressure on Electrostatic Solute—Membrane Interactions
by Alexandre Giacobbo, Isabella Franco Pasqualotto, Rafael Cabeleira de Coronel Machado Filho, Miguel Minhalma, Andréa Moura Bernardes and Maria Norberta de Pinho
Membranes 2023, 13(8), 743; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13080743 - 19 Aug 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2346
Abstract
The present work investigates nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) for the removal of three widely used pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), namely atenolol, sulfamethoxazole, and rosuvastatin. Four membranes, two polyamide NF membranes (NF90 and NF270) and two polyethersulfone UF membranes (XT and ST), were [...] Read more.
The present work investigates nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) for the removal of three widely used pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), namely atenolol, sulfamethoxazole, and rosuvastatin. Four membranes, two polyamide NF membranes (NF90 and NF270) and two polyethersulfone UF membranes (XT and ST), were evaluated in terms of productivity (permeate flux) and selectivity (rejection of PhACs) at pressures from 2 to 8 bar. Although the UF membranes have a much higher molecular weight cut-off (1000 and 10,000 Da), when compared to the molecular weight of the PhACs (253–482 Da), moderate rejections were observed. For UF, rejections were dependent on the molecular weight and charge of the PhACs, membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), and operating pressure, demonstrating that electrostatic interactions play an important role in the removal of PhACs, especially at low operating pressures. On the other hand, both NF membranes displayed high rejections for all PhACs studied (75–98%). Hence, considering the optimal operating conditions, the NF270 membrane (MWCO = 400 Da) presented the best performance, achieving permeate fluxes of about 100 kg h−1 m−2 and rejections above 80% at a pressure of 8 bar, that is, a productivity of about twice that of the NF90 membrane (MWCO = 200 Da). Therefore, NF270 was the most suitable membrane for this application, although the tight UF membranes under low operating pressures displayed satisfactory results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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16 pages, 3722 KiB  
Article
Mesoporous SiC-Based Photocatalytic Membranes and Coatings for Water Treatment
by Karla Begonia Cervantes-Diaz, Martin Drobek, Anne Julbe, André Ayral and Julien Cambedouzou
Membranes 2023, 13(7), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13070672 - 16 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1494
Abstract
Photocatalytically active silicon carbide (SiC)-based mesoporous layers (pore sizes between 5 and 30 nm) were synthesized from preceramic polymers (polymer-derived ceramic route) on the surface and inside the pores of conventional macroporous α-alumina supports. The hybrid membrane system obtained, coupling the separation and [...] Read more.
Photocatalytically active silicon carbide (SiC)-based mesoporous layers (pore sizes between 5 and 30 nm) were synthesized from preceramic polymers (polymer-derived ceramic route) on the surface and inside the pores of conventional macroporous α-alumina supports. The hybrid membrane system obtained, coupling the separation and photocatalytical properties of SiC thin films, was characterized by different static and dynamic techniques, including gas and liquid permeation measurements. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by considering the degradation efficiency of a model organic pollutant (methylene blue, MB) under UV light irradiation in both diffusion and permeation modes using SiC-coated macroporous supports. Specific degradation rates of 1.58 × 10−8 mol s−1 m−2 and 7.5 × 10−9 mol s−1 m−2 were obtained in diffusion and permeation modes, respectively. The performance of the new SiC/α-Al2O3 materials compares favorably to conventional TiO2-based photocatalytic membranes, taking advantage of the attractive physicochemical properties of SiC. The developed synthesis strategy yielded original photocatalytic SiC/α-Al2O3 composites with the possibility to couple the ultrafiltration SiC membrane top-layer with the SiC-functionalized (photocatalytic) macroporous support. Such SiC-based materials and their rational associations on porous supports offer promising potential for the development of efficient photocatalytic membrane reactors and contactors for the continuous treatment of polluted waters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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18 pages, 2186 KiB  
Article
Resistance of Ion Exchange Membranes in Aqueous Mixtures of Monovalent and Divalent Ions and the Effect on Reverse Electrodialysis
by Joost Veerman, Lucía Gómez-Coma, Alfredo Ortiz and Inmaculada Ortiz
Membranes 2023, 13(3), 322; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13030322 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2784
Abstract
Salinity gradient energy has gained attention in recent years as a renewable energy source, especially employing reverse electrodialysis technology (RED), which is based on the role of ion exchange membranes. In this context, many efforts have been developed by researchers from all over [...] Read more.
Salinity gradient energy has gained attention in recent years as a renewable energy source, especially employing reverse electrodialysis technology (RED), which is based on the role of ion exchange membranes. In this context, many efforts have been developed by researchers from all over the world to advance the knowledge of this green source of energy. However, the influence of divalent ions on the performance of the technology has not been deeply studied. Basically, divalent ions are responsible for an increased membrane resistance and, therefore, for a decrease in voltage. This work focuses on the estimation of the resistance of the RED membrane working with water flows containing divalent ions, both theoretically by combining the one-thread model with the Donnan exclusion theory for the gel phase, as well as the experimental evaluation with Fumatech membranes FAS-50, FKS-50, FAS-PET-75, and FKS-PET-75. Furthermore, simulated results have been compared to data recently reported with different membranes. Besides, the influence of membrane resistance on the overall performance of reverse electrodialysis technology is evaluated to understand the impact of divalent ions in energy generation. Results reflect a minor effect of sulfate on the gross power in comparison to the effect of calcium and magnesium ions. Thus, this work takes a step forward in the knowledge of reverse electrodialysis technology and the extraction of salinity gradient energy by advancing the influence of divalent ions on energy recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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13 pages, 2725 KiB  
Article
Film Distillation with a Porous Condenser for Seawater Desalination: Evaluation of Materials’ Stability in the Tropical Climate of Vietnam
by Denis Kalmykov, Tatyana Anokhina, Ilya Borisov, Hoang Thanh Long, Trong Dan Nguyen and Alexey Volkov
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 163; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020163 - 27 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1766
Abstract
Desalination and treatment of wastewater has become critical for Asia regions with water scarcity. In this work, the concept of thin-film distillation equipped with a porous condenser (FDPC) was considered for its implementation in a tropical climate of Vietnam. It was found that [...] Read more.
Desalination and treatment of wastewater has become critical for Asia regions with water scarcity. In this work, the concept of thin-film distillation equipped with a porous condenser (FDPC) was considered for its implementation in a tropical climate of Vietnam. It was found that samples with a concentration of biocide of 0.5 wt.% possessed lower biofouling, in contrast to the neat membranes. The FD-PC module was developed and water desalination experiments were conducted in Russia and Vietnam. The experiments showed high reproducibility of the results; in particular, the evaporation rate was (4.9/3.0) kg/m2h in Russia and (4.1/2.0) kg/m2h in Vietnam. In addition, as part of this work, the optimal configuration of the installation was calculated using solar collectors as the main energy source. The calculation showed high energy efficiency: specific energy consumption 0.1–0.5 kWh/m3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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16 pages, 3872 KiB  
Article
Key Parameters Impacting the Crystal Formation in Antisolvent Membrane-Assisted Crystallization
by Sara Chergaoui, Damien P. Debecker, Tom Leyssens and Patricia Luis
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020140 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2918
Abstract
Antisolvent crystallization is commonly used in the formation of heat-sensitive compounds as it is the case for most active pharmaceutical ingredients. Membranes have the ability to control the antisolvent mass transfer to the reaction medium, providing excellent mixing that inhibits the formation of [...] Read more.
Antisolvent crystallization is commonly used in the formation of heat-sensitive compounds as it is the case for most active pharmaceutical ingredients. Membranes have the ability to control the antisolvent mass transfer to the reaction medium, providing excellent mixing that inhibits the formation of local supersaturations responsible for the undesired properties of the resulting crystals. Still, optimization of the operating conditions is required. This work investigates the impact of solution velocity, the effect of antisolvent composition, the temperature and gravity, using glycine-water-ethanol as a model crystallization system, and polypropylene flat sheet membranes. Results proved that in any condition, membranes were consistent in providing a narrow crystal size distribution (CSD) with coefficient of variation (CV) in the range of 0.5–0.6 as opposed to 0.7 obtained by batch and drop-by-drop crystallization. The prism-like shape of glycine crystals was maintained as well, but slightly altered when operating at a temperature of 35 °C with the appearance of smoother crystal edges. Finally, the mean crystal size was within 23 to 40 µm and did not necessarily follow a clear correlation with the solution velocities or antisolvent composition, but increased with the application of higher temperature or gravity resistance. Besides, the monoclinic form of α-glycine was perfectly maintained in all conditions. The results at each condition correlated directly with the antisolvent transmembrane flux that ranged between 0.0002 and 0.001 kg/m2. s. In conclusion, membrane antisolvent crystallization is a robust solution offering consistent crystal properties under optimal operating conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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15 pages, 1678 KiB  
Article
Combining Ultrafiltration and Nanofiltration to Obtain a Concentrated Extract of Purified Polyphenols from Wet Olive Pomace
by Carmen M. Sánchez-Arévalo, Ane Pérez García-Serrano, María Cinta Vincent-Vela and Silvia Álvarez-Blanco
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 119; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020119 - 17 Jan 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2730
Abstract
Despite the environmental concerns raised every year by the generation of high volumes of wet olive pomace, it contains valuable phenolic compounds that are essential for the valorization of this by-product. In this work, an integrated process to recover phenolic compounds from wet [...] Read more.
Despite the environmental concerns raised every year by the generation of high volumes of wet olive pomace, it contains valuable phenolic compounds that are essential for the valorization of this by-product. In this work, an integrated process to recover phenolic compounds from wet olive pomace is proposed. It consists of ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid extraction, followed by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration. Several commercial membranes were studied at different operational conditions. The ultrafiltration stage allowed the purification of biophenols, which were obtained in the permeate stream. Regarding organic matter, satisfactory rejection values were obtained with both commercial UH030 and UP005 membranes (Microdyn Nadir), but the latter provided more efficient purification and higher values of permeate flux, above 18 L·h−1·m−2 at 2.5 bar and 1.5 m·s−1. Later, this permeate stream was concentrated by means of a nanofiltration process, obtaining polyphenol rejection values that surpassed 85% with the commercial NF270 membrane (DuPont), then achieving the concentration of the previously purified polyphenols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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18 pages, 2513 KiB  
Article
The Role of the Morphological Characterization of Multilayer Hydrophobized Ceramic Membranes on the Prediction of Sweeping Gas Membrane Distillation Performances
by Mohamed K. Fawzy, Felipe Varela-Corredor, Cristiana Boi and Serena Bandini
Membranes 2022, 12(10), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100939 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2171
Abstract
This paper shows which morphological characterization method is most appropriate to simulating membrane performance in sweeping gas membrane distillation in the case of multilayer hydrophobized ceramic membranes. As a case study, capillary four-layer hydrophobic carbon-based titania membranes arranged in bundles in a shell-and-tube [...] Read more.
This paper shows which morphological characterization method is most appropriate to simulating membrane performance in sweeping gas membrane distillation in the case of multilayer hydrophobized ceramic membranes. As a case study, capillary four-layer hydrophobic carbon-based titania membranes arranged in bundles in a shell-and-tube configuration were tested with NaCl-water solutions using air as sweeping gas, operating at temperatures from 40 to 110 °C and at pressures up to 5.3 bar. Contrary to what is generally performed for polymeric membranes and also suggested by other authors for ceramic membranes, the mass transfer across the membrane should be simulated using the corresponding values of the mean pore diameter and the porosity-tortuosity ratio of each layer and measured by the layer-by-layer (LBL) method. Comparison of the modeling results with experimental data highlights that the use of parameters averaged over the entire membrane leads to an overestimation by a factor of two to eight of the modeled fluxes, with respect to the experimental values. In contrast, the agreement between the modeled fluxes and the experimental values is very interesting when the LBL parameters are used, with a discrepancy on the order of +/−30%. Finally, the model has been used to investigate the role of operative parameters on process performances. Process efficiency should be the optimal balance between the concomitant effects of temperature and velocity of the liquid phase and pressure and velocity of the gas phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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16 pages, 4904 KiB  
Article
Cellulose Triacetate-Based Mixed-Matrix Membranes with MXene 2D Filler—CO2/CH4 Separation Performance and Comparison with TiO2-Based 1D and 0D Fillers
by Chhabilal Regmi, Jalal Azadmanjiri, Vipin Mishra, Zdeněk Sofer, Saeed Ashtiani and Karel Friess
Membranes 2022, 12(10), 917; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12100917 - 22 Sep 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2493
Abstract
Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) possess the unique properties and inherent characteristics of their component polymer and inorganic fillers, or other possible types of additives. However, the successful fabrication of compact and defect-free MMMs with a homogeneous filler distribution poses a major challenge, due to [...] Read more.
Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) possess the unique properties and inherent characteristics of their component polymer and inorganic fillers, or other possible types of additives. However, the successful fabrication of compact and defect-free MMMs with a homogeneous filler distribution poses a major challenge, due to poor filler/polymer compatibility. In this study, we use two-dimensional multi-layered Ti3C2Tx MXene nanofillers to improve the compatibility and CO2/CH4 separation performance of cellulose triacetate (CTA)-based MMMs. CTA-based MMMs with TiO2-based 1D (nanotubes) and 0D (nanofillers) additives were also fabricated and tested for comparison. The high thermal stability, compact homogeneous structure, and stable long-term CO2/CH4 separation performance of the CTA-2D samples suggest the potential application of the membrane in bio/natural gas separation. The best results were obtained for the CTA-2D sample with a loading of 3 wt.%, which exhibited a 5-fold increase in CO2 permeability and 2-fold increase in CO2/CH4 selectivity, compared with the pristine CTA membrane, approaching the state-of-the-art Robeson 2008 upper bound. The dimensional (shape) effect on separation performance was determined as 2D > 1D > 0D. The use of lamellar stacked MXene with abundant surface-terminating groups not only prevents the aggregation of particles but also enhances the CO2 adsorption properties and provides additional transport channels, resulting in improved CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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22 pages, 2092 KiB  
Article
Gas Permeability and Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane-Based Membranes for Blood Oxygenators
by Inês Coelho, Rita F. Pires, Sérgio B. Gonçalves, Vasco D. B. Bonifácio and Mónica Faria
Membranes 2022, 12(9), 826; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12090826 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3531
Abstract
The production of medical devices follows strict guidelines where bio- and hemocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tear resistance are important features. Segmented polyurethanes (PUs) are an important class of polymers that fulfill many of these requirements, thus justifying the investigation of novel derivatives with [...] Read more.
The production of medical devices follows strict guidelines where bio- and hemocompatibility, mechanical strength, and tear resistance are important features. Segmented polyurethanes (PUs) are an important class of polymers that fulfill many of these requirements, thus justifying the investigation of novel derivatives with enhanced properties, such as modulated carbon dioxide and oxygen permeability. In this work, three segmented polyurethane-based membranes, containing blocks of hard segments (HSs) dispersed in a matrix of soft segment (SS) blocks, were prepared by reacting a PU prepolymer (PUR) with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS), Congo red (CR) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBCD), rendering PU/TRIS, PU/CR and PU/MBCD membranes. The pure (control) PU membrane exhibited the highest degree of phase segregation between HSs and SSs followed by PU/TRIS and PU/MBCD membranes, and the PU/CR membrane displayed the highest degree of mixing. Pure PU and PU/CR membranes exhibited the highest and lowest values of Young’s modulus, tangent moduli and ultimate tensile strength, respectively, suggesting that the introduction of CR increases molecular mobility, thus reducing stiffness. The CO2 permeability was highest for the PU/CR membrane, 347 Barrer, and lowest for the pure PU membrane, 278 Barrer, suggesting that a higher degree of mixing between HSs and SSs leads to higher CO2 permeation rates. The permeability of O2 was similar for all membranes, but ca. 10-fold lower than the CO2 permeability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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Review

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26 pages, 4567 KiB  
Review
Decarbonization of Power and Industrial Sectors: The Role of Membrane Processes
by Azizbek Kamolov, Zafar Turakulov, Sarvar Rejabov, Guillermo Díaz-Sainz, Lucia Gómez-Coma, Adham Norkobilov, Marcos Fallanza and Angel Irabien
Membranes 2023, 13(2), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020130 - 19 Jan 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4720
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the single largest contributor to climate change due to its increased emissions since global industrialization began. Carbon Capture, Storage, and Utilization (CCSU) is regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate climate change, reducing the atmospheric concentration of [...] Read more.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the single largest contributor to climate change due to its increased emissions since global industrialization began. Carbon Capture, Storage, and Utilization (CCSU) is regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate climate change, reducing the atmospheric concentration of CO2 from power and industrial activities. Post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) is necessary to implement CCSU into existing facilities without changing the combustion block. In this study, the recent research on various PCC technologies is discussed, along with the membrane technology for PCC, emphasizing the different types of membranes and their gas separation performances. Additionally, an overall comparison of membrane separation technology with respect to other PCC methods is implemented based on six different key parameters—CO2 purity and recovery, technological maturity, scalability, environmental concerns, and capital and operational expenditures. In general, membrane separation is found to be the most competitive technique in conventional absorption as long as the highly-performed membrane materials and the technology itself reach the full commercialization stage. Recent updates on the main characteristics of different flue gas streams and the Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) of each PCC technology are also provided with a brief discussion of their latest progresses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Honorary Issue for Prof João G. Crespo)
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