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Membranes
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Advanced Membrane Technology for Resource Recovery
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Advanced Membrane Technology for Resource Recovery

A special issue of Membranes (ISSN 2077-0375). This special issue belongs to the section "Membrane Processing and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2022) | Viewed by 17057

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Amir Razmjou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
Interests: direct lithium extraction; nanostructured materials; membrane; desalination; sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Reza Maleki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Computational Biology and Chemistry Group (CBCG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1449614535, Iran
Interests: chemical engineering; process design; molecular simulation; nanostructures; separation technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is focused on novel membrane technologies for water treatment and resource recovery. Membranes play a very important role in the future of the world industry. In most conventional processes, membranes are used to separate impurities. In addition, membranes can also form a recycling/separation loop between raw materials and wastes, and they can be used in the recycling of usable materials from wastewater in this way. The development of the recycling industry using membrane-based technologies is both environmentally significant and economically attractive. Therefore, the scope of this Special Issue is membranes that are of use not only as industrial solutions for water treatment but also in recovering valuable materials from effluents. The Special Issue welcomes a variety of articles including original research, reviews, short communications, and industrial cases.

Dr. Amir Razmjou
Dr. Reza Maleki
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Membranes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • membrane technology
  • recycling
  • process integration
  • wastewater treatment
  • separation technologies
  • industrial application

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 7746 KiB  
Article
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd2+, Ag+, Pt2+, and Au3+) from Aqueous Solutions Using N,N'-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes)
by Katarzyna Witt, Małgorzata A. Kaczorowska, Daria Bożejewicz and Włodzimierz Urbaniak
Membranes 2021, 11(11), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11110863 - 9 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2685
Abstract
This paper presents the results of the first application of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant in classical liquid–liquid extraction and as a carrier in membrane processes designed for the recovery of noble metal ions (Pd2+, Ag+, Pt2+ [...] Read more.
This paper presents the results of the first application of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant in classical liquid–liquid extraction and as a carrier in membrane processes designed for the recovery of noble metal ions (Pd2+, Ag+, Pt2+, and Au3+) from aqueous solutions. In the case of the utilization of membranes, both sorption and desorption were investigated. Salen has not been used so far in the sorption processes of precious metal ions. Recovery experiments were performed on single-component solutions (containing only one type of metal ions) and polymetallic solutions (containing ions of all four metals). The stability constants of the obtained complexes were determined spectrophotometrically. In contrast, electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) was applied to examine the elemental composition and charge of the generated complexes of chosen noble metal ions and salen molecules. The results show the great potential of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as both an extractant and a carrier. In the case of single-component solutions, the extraction percentage was over 99% for all noble metal ions (molar ratio M:L of 1:1), and in the case of a polymetallic solution, it was the lowest, but over 94% for platinum ions and the highest value (over 99%) for gold ions. The percentages of sorption (%Rs) of metal ions from single-component solutions using polymer membranes containing N,N'-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as a carrier were highest after 24 h of the process (93.23% for silver(I) ions, 74.99% for gold(III) ions, 69.11% and 66.13% for palladium(II) and platinum(II) ions, respectively), similar to the values obtained for the membrane process conducted in multi-metal solutions (92.96%, 84.26%, 80.94%, and 48.36% for Pd(II), Au(III), Ag(I), and Pt(II) ions, respectively). The percentage of desorption (%Rdes) was very high for single-component solutions (the highest, i.e., 99%, for palladium solution and the lowest, i.e., 88%, for silver solution), while for polymetallic solutions, these values were slightly lower (for Pt(II), it was the lowest at 63.25%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Membrane Technology for Resource Recovery)
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14 pages, 2734 KiB  
Article
Rejection Capacity of Nanofiltration Membranes for Nickel, Copper, Silver and Palladium at Various Oxidation States
by Brooms Thabo, Bamidele Joseph Okoli, Sekomeng Johannes Modise and Simphiwe Nelana
Membranes 2021, 11(9), 653; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11090653 - 26 Aug 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5133
Abstract
Electroplating and metalworking industries produce enormous amounts of waste containing heavy metals in their effluents, leading to potential threats to biotic and abiotic life. According to regulation, heavy metal contamination must be kept within the regulated standard of a few parts per million, [...] Read more.
Electroplating and metalworking industries produce enormous amounts of waste containing heavy metals in their effluents, leading to potential threats to biotic and abiotic life. According to regulation, heavy metal contamination must be kept within the regulated standard of a few parts per million, which has led to a recent pique in interest in the utilization of nanofiltration technology for metal recovery. The effect of feed pH, pressure, metal concentration, and oxidation of metal on the rejection of heavy metal ions using three commercial nanofiltration membranes (NF, NF90, and NF270) were explored. To begin, studies of electrolyte salts, contact angle, and water permeability were employed to characterize the nanofiltration membranes. A dead-end module was used to test the permeation and retention capacities of the nanofiltration membranes. The results showed an increase in salt rejection for all metals examined irrespective of the membrane, at a pH below the isoelectric point. For divalent cations, the NF90 membrane achieved recovery capacities of 97% and 85% at 200 ppm and 20 ppm respectively, as compared to the recovery observed for Ni2+, Cu2+, and Pd2+ ions by NF and NF270. At a pH 2, 20 ppm and 5 bar, the NF90 membrane had the highest percent recovery, but at a pH 3, the recovery was at 95%. Mono and divalent stable Ag+ and Ni2+ ions showed a comparatively high percent recovery as compared to Pd2+ and Cu2+, which have high molecular weight and charge effect. In the presence of chelating agents, the membrane surface area is increased, resulting in high divalent ion recovery capacities due to favourable interaction with the polyamide functional group of the membranes. This study establishes the significance of oxidation in high removal efficiency cation in varying experimental conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Membrane Technology for Resource Recovery)
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Review

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23 pages, 24082 KiB  
Review
Rare Earth Elements Recovery Using Selective Membranes via Extraction and Rejection
by Atiyeh Bashiri, Arash Nikzad, Reza Maleki, Mohsen Asadnia and Amir Razmjou
Membranes 2022, 12(1), 80; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12010080 - 11 Jan 2022
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 8073
Abstract
Recently, demands for raw materials like rare earth elements (REEs) have increased considerably due to their high potential applications in modern industry. Additionally, REEs’ similar chemical and physical properties caused their separation to be difficult. Numerous strategies for REEs separation such as precipitation, [...] Read more.
Recently, demands for raw materials like rare earth elements (REEs) have increased considerably due to their high potential applications in modern industry. Additionally, REEs’ similar chemical and physical properties caused their separation to be difficult. Numerous strategies for REEs separation such as precipitation, adsorption and solvent extraction have been applied. However, these strategies have various disadvantages such as low selectivity and purity of desired elements, high cost, vast consumption of chemicals and creation of many pollutions due to remaining large amounts of acidic and alkaline wastes. Membrane separation technology (MST), as an environmentally friendly approach, has recently attracted much attention for the extraction of REEs. The separation of REEs by membranes usually occurs through three mechanisms: (1) complexation of REE ions with extractant that is embedded in the membrane matrix, (2) adsorption of REE ions on the surface created-active sites on the membrane and (3) the rejection of REE ions or REEs complex with organic materials from the membrane. In this review, we investigated the effect of these mechanisms on the selectivity and efficiency of the membrane separation process. Finally, potential directions for future studies were recommended at the end of the review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Membrane Technology for Resource Recovery)
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