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Medicina
Special Issues
Treatment in Patients with Chronic Pain Syndrome
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Treatment in Patients with Chronic Pain Syndrome

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2025) | Viewed by 2516

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giuliano Lo Bianco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Anesthesiology and Pain Department, Fondazione Istituto G.Giglio, Cefalú, Italy
Interests: pain assessment; pain medicine; neuroplasticity; pain management; anesthesiology; sepsis; ventilation; anaesthesiology; mechanical ventilation; airway management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Tinnirello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, ASST Franciacorta, Ospedale di Iseo, Iseo, Italy
Interests: critical care medicine; intensive care medicine; mechanical ventilation; sepsis; ICU; ventilation; pain management; pain medicine; respiratory physiology; airway management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic Pain Syndrome (CPS) represents a significant medical challenge due to its multifaceted nature and the diverse etiologies underlying persistent pain. Effective management of CPS requires an integrative approach combining pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and interventional strategies. This Special Issue aims to explore the latest advancements and research in the treatment of CPS, highlighting novel therapeutic approaches, pain management techniques, and patient-centric care models. Emphasis will be placed on the role of personalized medicine, innovative drug therapies, psychological interventions, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture and physical therapy. Additionally, the issue will cover cutting-edge neuromodulation techniques, including radiofrequency ablation and spinal cord stimulation, which have shown promise in managing chronic pain. Furthermore, it will address the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and the impact of chronic pain on the quality of life, aiming to provide comprehensive insights and practical guidelines for clinicians, researchers, and healthcare providers dedicated to improving outcomes for patients suffering from chronic pain.

Dr. Giuliano Lo Bianco
Dr. Andrea Tinnirello
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic pain syndrome
  • pain management
  • pharmacological treatment
  • non-pharmacological interventions
  • neuromodulation
  • radiofrequency ablation
  • spinal cord stimulation
  • multidisciplinary approach
  • personalized medicine
  • quality of life

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

19 pages, 737 KiB  
Review
Sex-Related Differences in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review by a Multidisciplinary Task Force
by Maurizio Marchesini, Diego Fornasari, Silvia Natoli, Elena Vegni and Arturo Cuomo
Medicina 2025, 61(7), 1172; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61071172 - 28 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1125
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Chronic pain (CP), defined as pain persisting for over 3 months, is a significant cause of global disability and affects more than 20% of individuals in Western countries, including Italy. Substantial evidence indicates a higher prevalence of CP among women, [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Chronic pain (CP), defined as pain persisting for over 3 months, is a significant cause of global disability and affects more than 20% of individuals in Western countries, including Italy. Substantial evidence indicates a higher prevalence of CP among women, who also experience greater sensitivity, increased frequency, and a longer duration of pain. The impact of CP on quality of life, daily functioning, and employment is profound, particularly for women. However, chronic pain research has insufficiently addressed sex and gender differences, contributing to suboptimal and inequitable care. This neglect limits the development of personalized treatment strategies and, when combined with an aging population and women’s longer life expectancy, highlights an increasing societal and economic burden. Materials and Methods: The authors conducted a narrative review of studies examining biological, psychological, or social determinants of sex-related differences in CP perception or treatment. Each thematic area was reviewed by at least two authors, who critically appraised the literature. Their analyses were refined through iterative group discussions to develop concise, evidence-informed recommendations for personalized and equitable pain management. Results: Sex differences in CP arise from a range of factors, including biological mechanisms such as hormonal and genetic influences, psycho-social factors such as depression and anxiety, and socio-economic determinants, such as income and education levels. These factors also affect sex-specific outcomes of analgesic treatments currently available. Identifying these risk factors and tailoring treatment strategies to sex differences can significantly improve CP management. Such a personalized approach is essential for advancing precision medicine in CP management. Even in the absence of molecular or genomic biomarkers, adopting a biopsychosocial model that considers sex and gender differences, symptoms, physiological indicators, medical history, lifestyle, and psychological aspects may substantially enhance patient outcomes. Conclusions: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of sex differences in CP perception, stressing the importance of individualized, interdisciplinary approaches in pain management. Addressing both the biological and psycho-social contributors to pain in men and women is critical for guiding healthcare professionals in implementing precision pain medicine strategies, ultimately fostering more equitable and effective care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment in Patients with Chronic Pain Syndrome)
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13 pages, 851 KiB  
Review
Innovations in Chronic Pain Treatment: A Narrative Review on the Role of Cryoneurolysis
by Andrea Tinnirello, Maurizio Marchesini, Silvia Mazzoleni, Carola Santi and Giuliano Lo Bianco
Medicina 2025, 61(6), 1090; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61061090 - 15 Jun 2025
Viewed by 885
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Chronic pain is a significant global health issue, with conventional treatment strategies often proving insufficient or causing undesirable side effects. Interventional pain management techniques, including neuromodulation, have gained increasing interest as alternative therapeutic options. Cryoneurolysis, a technique leveraging extreme cold [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Chronic pain is a significant global health issue, with conventional treatment strategies often proving insufficient or causing undesirable side effects. Interventional pain management techniques, including neuromodulation, have gained increasing interest as alternative therapeutic options. Cryoneurolysis, a technique leveraging extreme cold to modulate pain pathways, has emerged as a promising tool in chronic pain management. However, its efficacy and role within current clinical practice remain under evaluation. Methods: A narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies published between 2010 and 2024 using the keywords “Cryoneurolysis”, “Cryoanalgesia”, “Cryoablation”, and “Chronic pain.” Only English-language studies were included. Studies that examined intraoperative cryoablation or lacked statistical analyses (except case reports) were excluded. Results: A total of 55 studies were included: 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 16 retrospective studies, 4 prospective observational studies, and 31 case reports or small case series. The studies displayed significant heterogeneity in patient selection, targeted nerves, procedural protocols, and follow-up durations. While two RCTs demonstrated a significant pain reduction compared to control groups, other RCTs reported no significant improvement. Observational studies and case reports frequently report positive outcomes, with some achieving complete pain relief. Cryoneurolysis appears to be most effective in treating neuropathic pain, particularly in patients with peripheral nerve involvement. Conclusions: Cryoneurolysis is a safe technique for chronic pain management, which has been successfully applied, particularly for selected neuropathic pain conditions. However, the current evidence is limited by study heterogeneity and a lack of high-quality comparative trials. Further well-designed randomized studies are necessary to define its long-term efficacy and its potential role relative to other interventional pain therapies, such as radiofrequency ablation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment in Patients with Chronic Pain Syndrome)
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