Kidney Transplantation Complications: Updates and Challenges

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Urology & Nephrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 2131

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
2. Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Interests: nephrology; dialysis

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
Interests: kidney transplantation; biomarkers in kidney injury; biomarkers in allograft rejection; stem cell

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a Guest Editor of this Special Issue titled "Kidney Transplantation Complications: Updates and Challenges," I am thrilled to extend an invitation for articles that delve into the dynamic field of post-transplantation issues. For patients with end-stage renal disease, kidney transplantation offers a potentially life-saving treatment, but its effectiveness depends on how well the related complications are managed.

The goal of this Special Issue is to provide medical professionals who work with transplant patients with a thorough and up-to-date resource. We encourage contributions that focus on diagnostic, prevention, and treatment approaches and cover both known and new issues.

With major improvements in immunosuppressive drugs and surgical methods, graft survival rates in kidney transplantation have increased significantly. Complications still pose a serious threat to overall transplant success and, in particular, to patient outcomes.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to offer a forum for innovative studies that clarify the ever-changing intricacies of post-transplantation issues. We welcome submissions that explore the following topics:

Threats from infections: Innovative methods to prevent infections in transplant recipients with impaired immune systems.

Novel perspectives on the processes and handling of instances of organ rejection.

Immunosuppressive drugs: The immunosuppressive impact over time and new approaches to reducing adverse effects.

Technological developments for the diagnosis and monitoring of early problems are known as diagnostic advances.

Methods of treatment: new treatments being developed to treat issues following transplantation.

We are especially interested in studies that provide new insights into transplant issues and stretch the limits of our present understanding. Research on precision medicines and customized medicine is greatly welcomed.

We think that all medical professionals involved in the treatment of kidney transplant recipients, including transplant nephrologists and infectious disease experts, will find great value in this Special Issue. We look forward to reading your submissions!

We invite original research papers, reviews, and case studies addressing the persistent issue of problems after kidney transplantation for this Special Issue. Submissions that introduce a new point of view and make a substantial contribution to the discipline are encouraged.

Dr. Kumar Digvijay
Prof. Dr. Henrik Birn
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • kidney transplantation
  • complications
  • infection
  • rejection
  • immunosuppression
  • diagnosis
  • prevention
  • treatment
  • long-term outcomes
  • patient care

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 784 KiB  
Article
Paired Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Recipients and Living Donors Can Mitigate Cardiovascular Stress in Recipients After Living-Donor Kidney Transplantation: A Propensity-Score-Matching Analysis
by Jaewon Huh and Min Suk Chae
Medicina 2024, 60(11), 1826; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60111826 - 7 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study explored the effect of paired remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), involving both recipients and living donors, on cardiovascular stress in recipients after living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). The analysis included an assessment of the impact on cardiovascular biomarkers and [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: This study explored the effect of paired remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC), involving both recipients and living donors, on cardiovascular stress in recipients after living-donor kidney transplantation (LDKT). The analysis included an assessment of the impact on cardiovascular biomarkers and post-transplant cardiovascular clinical events. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study of 520 adult LDKT patients was conducted, employing propensity score matching (PSM) to analyze perioperative factors. The patients were allocated to no-RIPC (n = 260) and paired-RIPC (n = 260) groups. The two groups were compared with respect to high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, corrected QT (QTc) intervals, the occurrence of arrhythmia, and the requirement for cardiovascular interventions. Results: After PSM, there were no significant differences in perioperative parameters between the no-RIPC and paired-RIPC groups. However, on postoperative day (POD) 1, higher hsTnI levels and QTc interval prolongation, as well as higher incidences of arrhythmia and the need for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), were determined in the no-RIPC group than in the paired-RIPC group. The associations between paired RIPC and improved cardiovascular outcomes were significant, including reduced odds of elevated hsTnI levels, QTc prolongation, and arrhythmia. The no-RIPC group also had longer intensive care unit (ICU) stays, and higher rates of rescue dialysis. Conclusions: Paired-RIPC involving recipients and donors effectively reduces cardiovascular stress markers and improves postoperative cardiovascular outcomes in LDKT recipients, underscoring its potential as a protective strategy against perioperative cardiovascular risks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kidney Transplantation Complications: Updates and Challenges)
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Review

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26 pages, 2107 KiB  
Review
Kidney and Bladder Transplantation: Advances, Barriers, and Emerging Solutions
by Gani Kuttymuratov, Timur Saliev, Ardak Ainakulov, Askar Ayaganov, Kuat Oshakbayev, Daulet Zharassov, Abdurakhman Tuleuzhan and Nurlybek Uderbayev
Medicina 2025, 61(6), 1045; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61061045 - 5 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Urogenital transplantation has emerged as a ground-breaking field with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of end-stage organ failure and congenital or acquired defects of the kidney and urinary bladder. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state, clinical experiences, and [...] Read more.
Urogenital transplantation has emerged as a ground-breaking field with the potential to revolutionize the treatment of end-stage organ failure and congenital or acquired defects of the kidney and urinary bladder. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state, clinical experiences, and experimental progress in kidney and bladder transplantation, with a particular focus on immunological, surgical, and ethical challenges. While kidney transplantation is now a well-established procedure offering improved survival and quality of life for patients with chronic renal failure, bladder transplantation remains in the experimental phase, facing hurdles in vascularization, tissue integration, and functional restoration. Recent advancements in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and immunosuppressive strategies are critically discussed, highlighting their role in shaping the future of urogenital grafts. This review also explores xenotransplantation and bio-artificial organ development as promising frontiers. Continued interdisciplinary research is essential to overcome the current limitations and enable routine clinical application of bladder transplantation while optimizing outcomes in kidney grafts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Kidney Transplantation Complications: Updates and Challenges)
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