Skin Wound Repair: Tissue Engineering, Guided Regeneration, and Wound Scarring Prevention

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Dermatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2023) | Viewed by 6355

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Chief of the Major Burn Center, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
2. Associate Professor, Department of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: skin repair; skin cancer; hand and face trauma; burns; microsurgery; reconstructive surgery; aesthetic surgery
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Guest Editor
Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Hand-und Verbrennungschirurgie, Wurselen, Germany
Interests: burn surgery; plastic and aesthetic surgery; burn injuries; pressure ulcers; skin tissue replacement; wound healing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Consultant & Ass. Professor for Plastic Surgery, Vice Dean for Clinical Affairs (College) Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Interests: plastic and aesthetic surgery; reconstructive and hand surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Skin, the largest organ of our body, is a specialized tissue that offers us the most needed interface with the external environment, a protective barrier against physical trauma or external pathogens, with an immune-neuroendocrine roll, through which helps maintaining body homeostasis. Even if lots of clinical and experimental research has covered the process of wound healing and discovered ways to guide a desired healing course, disorders of normal skin wound repair continues to be an important social and economic burden.

Skin wound repair is an extremely complex, dynamic and intricate biological process, involving a multitude of cells in an attempt to rapidly restore skin integrity for normal functioning maintenance. This high-specialized healing process must be rigorously balanced in order to ensure an adequate tissue repair. Tissue engineering help us develop and find bioartificial substitutes for wound healing. Various ways to guide skin regeneration are tested, to promote normotrophic tissue healing and to prevent scarring formation.

Even though the skin wound repair process is a well-studied field, there are many issues to be revealed to solve the puzzle of regenerative tissue engineering, wound scaring prevention and guided wound healing. Therefore, the goal of this special issue is to promote research in this field and to permit the exchange of experiences among specialists. 

Dr. Tiberiu Paul Neagu
Prof. Dr. Hans Oliver Rennekampff
Dr. Ziyad Alharbi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • skin wound repair
  • tissue engineering
  • guided regeneration
  • wound scarring prevention
  • bioartificial substitutes
  • skin healing process
  • skin macrophages
  • wound contraction
  • hypertrophic
  • hypotrophy or atrophic scar

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1601 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Type I and Type III Collagen Concentration between Oreochromis mossambicus and Oreochromis niloticus in Relation to Skin Scaffolding
by Bogdan Ciornei, Adrian Vaduva, Vlad Laurentiu David, Diana Popescu, Dan Dumitru Vulcanescu, Ovidiu Adam, Cecilia Roberta Avram, Alina Cornelia Pacurari and Eugen Sorin Boia
Medicina 2023, 59(6), 1002; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59061002 - 23 May 2023
Viewed by 1359
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Skin scaffolding can be done using allografts and autografts. As a biological allograft, the skin of Oreochromis niloticus (ON) has been used due to its high type I and III collagen content. Oreochromis mossambicus (OM) is also a member of [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Skin scaffolding can be done using allografts and autografts. As a biological allograft, the skin of Oreochromis niloticus (ON) has been used due to its high type I and III collagen content. Oreochromis mossambicus (OM) is also a member of the Oreochromis family, but not much is known regarding its collagen content. As such, this study aimed to assess and compare the collagen content of the two fish species. Materials and Methods: This is a crossover study comparing the skin collagen contents of the two fish. Young fish were chosen, as they tend to have higher collagen concentrations. The skin samples were sterilized in chlorhexidine and increasing glycerol solutions and analyzed histochemically with Sirius red picrate under polarized light microscopy. Results: 6 young ON and 4 OM specimens were used. Baseline type I collagen was higher for OM, but at maximum sterilization it was higher for ON, with no differences in between Type III collagen was higher for OM across all comparisons with the exception of the last stage of sterilization. Generally, collagen concentrations were higher in highly sterilized samples. Conclusions: OM skin harvested from young fish, with its greater collagen III content may be a better candidate for use as a biological skin scaffold in the treatment of burn wounds, compared to ON. Full article
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21 pages, 2821 KiB  
Article
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Improve Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in a Hypoxic Dermal Regeneration Model In Vitro
by Benedikt Fuchs, Alexandra Birt, Nicholas Moellhoff, Constanze Kuhlmann, Riccardo E. Giunta and Paul Severin Wiggenhauser
Medicina 2023, 59(4), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040706 - 4 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1684
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Impaired wound healing represents an unsolved medical issue with a high impact on patients’ quality of life and global health care. Even though hypoxia is a significant limiting factor for wound healing, it reveals stimulating effects in gene and [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Impaired wound healing represents an unsolved medical issue with a high impact on patients’ quality of life and global health care. Even though hypoxia is a significant limiting factor for wound healing, it reveals stimulating effects in gene and protein expression at cellular levels. In particular, hypoxically treated human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have previously been used to stimulate tissue regeneration. Therefore, we hypothesized that they could promote lymphangiogenesis or angiogenesis. Materials and Methods: Dermal regeneration matrices were seeded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) that were merged with ASCs. Cultures were maintained for 24 h and 7 days under normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Finally, gene and protein expression were measured regarding subtypes of VEGF, corresponding receptors, and intracellular signaling pathways, especially hypoxia-inducible factor-mediated pathways using multiplex-RT-qPCR and ELISA assays. Results: All cell types reacted to hypoxia with an alteration of gene expression. In particular, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB), vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1/FLT1), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2/KDR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3/FLT4), and prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) were overexpressed significantly depending on upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1a). Moreover, co-cultures with ASCs showed a more intense change in gene and protein expression profiles and gained enhanced angiogenic and lymphangiogenic potential. In particular, long-term hypoxia led to continuous stimulation of HUVECs by ASCs. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the benefit of hypoxic conditioned ASCs in dermal regeneration concerning angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Even a short hypoxic treatment of 24 h led to the stimulation of LECs and HUVECs in an ASC-co-culture. Long-term hypoxia showed a continuous influence on gene expressions. Therefore, this work emphasizes the supporting effects of hypoxia-conditioned-ASC-loaded collagen scaffolds on wound healing in dermal regeneration. Full article
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19 pages, 6328 KiB  
Article
The Therapeutic Application of Tamarix aphylla Extract Loaded Nanoemulsion Cream for Acid-Burn Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration
by Haiwad Gul, Rana Dawood Naseer, Ifraha Abbas, Ejaz Ali Khan, Habib Ur Rehman, Asif Nawaz, Abul Kalam Azad, Ghadeer M. Albadrani, Ahmed E. Altyar, Ashraf Albrakati and Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
Medicina 2023, 59(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010034 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2311
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Nanomedicine is a constantly growing field for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases as well as for regenerative therapy. Nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems improve pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles of plants based biologically active molecules. Based on traditional claims, leaves of [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Nanomedicine is a constantly growing field for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases as well as for regenerative therapy. Nanotechnology-based drug-delivery systems improve pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles of plants based biologically active molecules. Based on traditional claims, leaves of the Tamarix aphylla (TA) were investigated for their potential healing activity on burn wounds. Materials and Methods: In this study, TA-based nanoemulsion was prepared. The nanoemulsion was characterized for size, zeta potential, pH, viscosity, and stability. The nanoemulsion containing plant extract was converted into cream and evaluated for its efficacy against acid-burn wounds inflicted in the dorsum of rabbits. The animals were classified into four main groups: Group A as a normal control group, Group B as a positive control (treated with cream base + silver sulfadiazine), Group C as a standard drug (silver sulfadiazine), and Group D as a tested (treated with nanoemulsion cream containing TA extract). The prepared system could deliver TA to the target site and was able to produce pharmacological effects. On days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35, wound contraction rate was used to determine healing efficacy. The wound samples were collected from the skin for histological examination. Results: Based on statistical analysis using wound-healing time, Group D showed a shorter period (21.60 ± 0.5098) (p < 0.01) than the average healing time of Group C (27.40 ± 0.6002) (p < 0.05) and Group B (33.40 ± 0.8126) (p < 0.05). The histopathological assessment showed that burn healing was better in Group D compared with Group C and Group B. The nanoemulsion cream had a non-sticky texture, low viscosity, excellent skin sensations, and a porous structure. By forming a protective layer on the skin and improving moisture, it enhanced the condition of burnt skin. Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, nanoemulsion cream containing TA extract has great potential in healing acid-burn wounds Full article
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