Recent Advances in Allergy and Clinical Immunology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Hematology and Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 3368

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Srebrnjak Children’s Hospital, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: pathophysiological mechanisms of asthma and allergic diseases; specific immunotherapy; primary immunodeficiency; food allergy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Although allergic and atopic diseases have reached epidemic proportions in recent decades in industrialized countries, the reasons for such an increase are still unclear. Numerous factors have been recognized (such as exposomes) that can modify the immune response and lead to epigenetic modifications of sensitive individuals. Moreover, the new finding of immunological mechanisms of allergic sensitization and phenotype expression, progression of disease and development of tolerance to allergens will facilitate the development of new preventive and therapeutic perspectives. In recent years, diagnostic accuracy has increased, new biomarkers have been discovered and therapeutic efficacy has been improved, opening up the possibility of the implementation of personalized and precise medicine in clinical practice. However, the development of innovative and highly effective biological therapies and allergen-specific immunotherapy changed the therapeutic scene in the treatment of allergic diseases.

Prof. Dr. Mirjana Turkalj
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • allergy
  • sensitization
  • immune response
  • exposome
  • biomarkers
  • allergen immunotherapy
  • biologics
  • prevention

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 5149 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic Value of Immunological Biomarkers in Children with Asthmatic Bronchitis and Asthma
by Ming Wu, Danru Liu, Fenhua Zhu, Yeheng Yu, Zhicheng Ye and Jin Xu
Medicina 2023, 59(10), 1765; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101765 - 03 Oct 2023
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of immunological biomarkers in children with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma and to develop a machine learning (ML) model for rapid differential diagnosis of these two diseases. Materials and Methods: Immunological [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of immunological biomarkers in children with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma and to develop a machine learning (ML) model for rapid differential diagnosis of these two diseases. Materials and Methods: Immunological biomarkers in peripheral blood were detected using flow cytometry and immunoturbidimetry. The importance of characteristic variables was ranked and screened using random forest and extra trees algorithms. Models were constructed and tested using the Scikit-learn ML library. K-fold cross-validation and Brier scores were used to evaluate and screen models. Results: Children with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma exhibit distinct degrees of immune dysregulation characterized by divergent patterns of humoral and cellular immune responses. CD8+ T cells and B cells were more dominant in differentiating the two diseases among many immunological biomarkers. Random forest showed a comprehensive high performance compared with other models in learning and training the dataset of immunological biomarkers. Conclusions: This study developed a prediction model for early differential diagnosis of asthmatic bronchitis and asthma using immunological biomarkers. Evaluation of the immune status of patients may provide additional clinical information for those children transforming from asthmatic bronchitis to asthma under recurrent attacks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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Review

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12 pages, 326 KiB  
Review
Atopic March or Atopic Multimorbidity—Overview of Current Research
by Iva Mrkić Kobal, Davor Plavec, Željka Vlašić Lončarić, Ivana Jerković and Mirjana Turkalj
Medicina 2024, 60(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60010021 - 22 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
The atopic march encompasses a sequence of allergic conditions, including atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, that frequently develop in a sequential pattern within the same individual. It was introduced as a conceptual framework aimed at elucidating the developmental trajectory of [...] Read more.
The atopic march encompasses a sequence of allergic conditions, including atopic dermatitis, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, that frequently develop in a sequential pattern within the same individual. It was introduced as a conceptual framework aimed at elucidating the developmental trajectory of allergic conditions during childhood. Following the introduction of this concept, it was initially believed that the atopic march represented the sole and definitive trajectory of the development of allergic diseases. However, this perspective evolved with the emergence of new longitudinal studies, which revealed that the evolution of allergic diseases is far more intricate. It involves numerous immunological pathological mechanisms and may not align entirely with the traditional concept of the atopic march. The objective of our review is to portray the atopic march alongside other patterns in the development of childhood allergic diseases, with a specific emphasis on the potential for a personalized approach to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of atopic conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

Other

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9 pages, 568 KiB  
Study Protocol
Protocol Development of a Personalized Balanced Nutrition Concept for Preschool Children, Primarily Those with Food Allergies, Using an IT Platform
by Siniša Košćina, Adrijana Miletić Gospić, Ivana Banić, Domagoj Sabljak, Marcel Lipej, Tamara Birkić, Davor Plavec, Tomislav Marjanović, Darja Sokolić and Mirjana Turkalj
Medicina 2023, 59(8), 1367; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59081367 - 26 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Children with food allergies are at higher risk for severe anaphylactic reactions and for key nutrient deficiency. In order to address these concerns, enable early detection, and improve the monitoring of children with food allergies, an innovative IT platform will be developed by [...] Read more.
Children with food allergies are at higher risk for severe anaphylactic reactions and for key nutrient deficiency. In order to address these concerns, enable early detection, and improve the monitoring of children with food allergies, an innovative IT platform will be developed by IT experts (IN2 Ltd. Zagreb, Croatia, part of Constellation Software Inc. (Toronto, ON, Canada)) and Srebrnjak Children’s Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia (SCH) for the effective implementation of personalized balanced nutrition in preschool institutions in Croatia. Additionally, the data obtained through this research, including epidemiological data on allergic diseases, clinical data (diagnostic allergy tests and others), anthropometry, and physical activity status, will be used to create a national Allergy registry. Other than being a tool for personalized and balanced nutrition for children, especially those with special dietary requirements (including food allergy and intolerance), the IT platform developed in this study will enable the continuous monitoring of these children as a part of their clinical management plan and earlier detection of food allergies, intolerance, and other conditions, even outside of the healthcare system. This research also aims at optimizing current and developing novel personalized therapeutic regimes, detecting novel early biomarkers in children with food allergies and intolerances, and involving all key stakeholders (caregivers, preschool institutions, etc.) in the shared-care approach in the management of food allergies in children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Allergy and Clinical Immunology)
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