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Medicina
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Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology
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Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 2882

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giuseppe Nasso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70124 Bari, Italy
Interests: coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG); minimally invasive cardiac surgery; hybrid coronary revascularization; off-pump coronary surgery; aortic surgery; cardiopulmonary bypass techniques; surgical outcomes in cardiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ignazio Condello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Anthea Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 70124 Bari, Italy
Interests: cardiopulmonary bypass management; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); perfusion techniques in cardiac surgery; blood conservation strategies; intraoperative monitoring and hemodynamics; myocardial protection; advanced perfusion technologies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of cardiac bypass surgery has undergone remarkable advancements over the past decade, driven by innovations in surgical techniques, perfusion technology, and patient management strategies. This Special Issue, titled Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology, aims to compile cutting-edge research, clinical studies, and reviews that highlight the latest developments and future directions in this critical area of cardiology.

We invite submissions that explore novel approaches for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), advancements in minimally invasive surgery, and hybrid procedures that integrate surgical and interventional techniques. Additionally, we welcome research focused on off-pump coronary surgery, aortic surgery, and the optimization of cardiopulmonary bypass techniques. Studies examining the impact of these advancements on surgical outcomes, patient recovery, and long-term cardiac health are also encouraged.

This Special Issue seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of bypass surgery in cardiology, offering insights that will benefit surgeons, perfusionists, and the broader cardiovascular care community. We look forward to your contributions.

Dr. Giuseppe Nasso
Guest Editor

Dr. Ignazio Condello
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
  • minimally invasive cardiac surgery
  • cardiopulmonary bypass
  • hybrid coronary revascularization
  • off-pump surgery
  • myocardial protection
  • surgical outcomes in cardiology

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 666 KiB  
Article
Retinal Microvascular Profile of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
by Alexandra Cristina Rusu, Raluca Ozana Chistol, Grigore Tinica, Cristina Furnica, Simona Irina Damian, Sofia Mihaela David, Klara Brînzaniuc and Karin Ursula Horvath
Medicina 2025, 61(5), 834; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050834 - 30 Apr 2025
Viewed by 300
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Screening, primary prevention, and the early identification of high-risk individuals are crucial for minimising the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of retinal microvascular features with myocardial dysfunction and CVD risk [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Screening, primary prevention, and the early identification of high-risk individuals are crucial for minimising the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of retinal microvascular features with myocardial dysfunction and CVD risk factors in a group of patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) compared to patients with newly diagnosed isolated arterial hypertension and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: We performed a single-centre cross-sectional study on 214 individuals divided into three groups: a group of 99 cases diagnosed with significant CAD, a group of 61 cases with newly diagnosed isolated arterial hypertension, and a control group of 54 cases with no confirmed cardiovascular pathology. Colour optic disc-centred retinal photographs were taken in all cases, and the following parameters were quantified using MONA REVA 3.0.0 software (VITO Health, Mol, Belgium): central retinal arteriolar equivalent, central retinal venular equivalent, arteriovenous ratio, fractal dimension, tortuosity index, and lacunarity. Univariable and multivariable statistical analyses were performed to assess changes in retinal microvascular features in CVD. Results: Dyslipidaemia (p = 0.009), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.008), and LDL cholesterol (p = 0.003) were negatively associated while left ventricular (LV) strain (0.043) was positively associated with the CRAE. In the case of the CRVE, the coronary Agatston score (p = 0.016) proved a positive and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.018) a negative association. A lower fractal dimension was associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus (p = 0.006), dyslipidaemia (p = 0.011), and a history of acute myocardial infarction (p = 0.018), while a higher fractal dimension was associated with increased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p = 0.006) and medical treatment (p = 0.005). Lacunarity was higher in patients of female gender (p = 0.005), with decreased HDL (p = 0.014) and LVEF (0.005), and with increased age (p < 0.001) and Agatston score (p = 0.001). The vessel tortuosity index increased with LV strain (p = 0.05), medical treatment (p = 0.043), and male gender (p = 0.006). Conclusions: Retinal microvascular features may serve as additional risk stratification tools in patients with CVD, particularly CAD, pending prospective validation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology)
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9 pages, 1438 KiB  
Article
Use of Ultra-Hydrophilic Absorbable Polysaccharide for Bleeding Control in Cardiothoracic Surgical Procedures
by Dow Rosenzweig, Peter Lamm, Christoph Schmitz and Ferdinand Vogt
Medicina 2025, 61(2), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61020230 - 27 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Operative blood loss is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality in surgery. Various hemostatic agents are used to reduce bleeding in cardiothoracic procedures. We report our experience with a plant-based microporous polysaccharide hemostatic powder (Starsil® Hemostat, Hemostat Medical GmbH, [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Operative blood loss is strongly correlated with morbidity and mortality in surgery. Various hemostatic agents are used to reduce bleeding in cardiothoracic procedures. We report our experience with a plant-based microporous polysaccharide hemostatic powder (Starsil® Hemostat, Hemostat Medical GmbH, Velen, Germany). Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from 65 patients who underwent cardiac surgery at our institution from January 2012 to January 2015 with (n = 42) or without (n = 23; control group) the use of the hemostat powder. Primary endpoints were safety (e.g., laboratory parameters, adverse events, and infection parameters) and time to hemostasis when the hemostat powder was used. Other endpoints included operation time, hospitalization, quantity of the hemostat powder applied, and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Results: The 65 patients (49 male:16 female) analyzed in the study underwent 65 cardiothoracic procedures, including off-pump coronary artery bypass grafts (n = 25), on-pump coronary artery bypass grafts (n = 6), valve procedures (n = 6), valve procedures in combination with bypass grafts (n = 7), and others (n = 21). The application of the hemostat powder did not increase adverse events. The laboratory parameters did not exceed the expected range after heart surgery in both groups. The hemostat powder had no significant impact on the laboratory parameters compared to the control group. Blood control was sufficient and was rated by surgeons from good to very good on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 1 (very bad) to 10 (very good) [VAS = 8.3 ± 1.2]. Intraoperative hemostasis was possible in nearly all patients. The hemostat powder led to satisfactory bleeding control within 2 min in 88% of cases. Five patients needed a second 5 g unit of the hemostat powder. Conclusions: The observed parameters between groups did not differ significantly. Therefore, the use of Starsil® Hemostat in cardiothoracic surgery is safe and effective bleeding control was achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology)
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6 pages, 878 KiB  
Opinion
The Saphenous Vein Graft: Can a Frog Become a Princess?
by Antonio Maria Calafiore, Sotirios Prapas, Ignazio Condello, Konstantinos Katsavrias, Giuseppe Nasso and Mario Gaudino
Medicina 2024, 60(12), 1915; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60121915 - 21 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1224
Abstract
The saphenous vein graft (SVG) has been a cornerstone of coronary bypass surgery, but its long-term patency is limited by accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent advancements, including the no-touch technique and the use of SVG as a limb of the left internal thoracic artery (LITA), [...] Read more.
The saphenous vein graft (SVG) has been a cornerstone of coronary bypass surgery, but its long-term patency is limited by accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent advancements, including the no-touch technique and the use of SVG as a limb of the left internal thoracic artery (LITA), have shown promise in improving outcomes. Both approaches enhance nitric oxide (NO) availability, a key factor in promoting endothelial stability and arterial-like behavior in the SVG. Among these, the LITA-SVG connection may offer superior long-term benefits due to sustained NO supplementation. This paper argues that the SVG, with proper strategies, can indeed achieve outcomes comparable to arterial grafts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bypass Surgery in Cardiology)
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