Recent Advances in Metabolic Syndrome and Its Comorbidities: The Scourge of the 21st Century

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 1019

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Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45–47 Ipsilantou Str., 10676 Athens, Greece
Interests: antibiotic resistance, drug-resistant infections, rising global temperature, humidity, air pollution, heat-resistant bacteria, bacterial epigenetics, pandemic Vibrio infections, Infections due to Candida auris, soil microbes, greenhouse gases etc.
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Guest Editor
Head and Clinical Director, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Outpatient, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
Interests: viral hepatitis; steatotic liver disease; liver cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is a reality that the dramatic expansion of the Western lifestyle—physical inactivity, increased consumption of high-fat diets and processed food, and smoking and the consumption of alcoholic beverages—attenuates the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MS) globally. MS and obesity will constitute a third global crisis in parallel with the pandemic of malnutrition and the climate crisis. MS is a complex of hyperglycemia, obesity (central obesity), high blood pressure, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and elevated triglyceride levels. Patients with MS are at risk for developing cardiovascular (CV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Central obesity, a phenotypic characteristic of MS, indicates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and this puts patients at additional risk of CV events, as well as an increased incidence for steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic neoplasms. The gut–liver axis also plays an essential role in the metabolism’s regulation and development of MASLD. Furthermore, the coexistence of MS with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) requires surveillance for hypogonadism and lessened fertility. Weight loss through regular exercise and a healthy diet constitutes the cornerstone of combating MS; however, this is not always possible. Hence, novel therapies targeting weight loss, euglycemia, and steatotic liver disease come to the fore.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather together up-to-date scientific evidence on the management of metabolic syndrome and its components, with particular reference to pathophysiological pathways, diagnostic implications, clinical management, and precision medicine. We are pleased to invite you and your co-workers to submit your original research and review articles on this topic.

Dr. Eleni Geladari
Dr. Vassilios Sevastianos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • metabolic syndrome
  • hypertension
  • diabetes mellitus
  • dyslipidemia
  • cardiovascular disease
  • metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)
  • chronic kidney disease
  • hypogonadism
  • hepatocellular carcinoma
  • extrahepatic neoplasms

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 558 KiB  
Article
Predictive Capacity of Different Indicators of Adiposity for Metabolic Syndrome in Adults in the City of Trujillo, Peru
by Jorge Luis Díaz-Ortega, Joao Caballero-Vidal, Irma Luz Yupari-Azabache, Juan M. Alva Sevilla and Nelson Enrique Conde-Parada
Medicina 2025, 61(3), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030419 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 669
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Various adiposity indicators have been used to predict metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive ability of known adiposity indicators, such as abdominal girth, girth/height and fat percentage, as well as less [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Various adiposity indicators have been used to predict metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the predictive ability of known adiposity indicators, such as abdominal girth, girth/height and fat percentage, as well as less commonly used indicators, such as the conicity index (CI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and body shape index (ABSI), to predict MetS. Materials and Methods: A total of 261 participants, including family members and graduates of a flagship school in the city of Trujillo, Peru, participated. Metabolic syndrome was assessed according to the harmonised ATP III criteria. ROC curves were analysed for each of the adiposity indicators using SPSS 26.0 statistical software. Results: The prevalence of MetS was found to be 43.4%, with a higher proportion in men (25.8%). The area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of MetS exceeded a value of 0.8 for VAI, abdominal circumference, circumference/height and relative fat mass in both men and women, with VAI showing the highest values of 0.858 and 0.875 in women and men, with cut-off points for MetS of 2.57 and 1.73, respectively. Conclusions: VAI can be used in the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome during lipid profile and anthropometric assessment. Full article
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