Acute Myocardial Infarction: Mechanisms, Prevention, and Novel Therapies

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 850

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
HerzZentrum Hirslanden Zürich, Witellikerstrasse 36, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
Interests: structural heart; mitral; tricuspid; TAVI; TEER; TMVR; cardiogenic shock; mechanical complications; mechanical circulatory support; hybrid revascularization

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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Policlinico Morgagni Hospital, University Kore Enna, Via della Resistenza 31, 95030 Pedara, Italy
Interests: surgical approaches to myocardial revascularization; ischemia management and techniques for myocardial revascularization; methods in minimally invasive cardiac surgery; research on aortic disease and its surgical repair; mitral valve repair methodologies and advancements; translational studies in cardiology; analysis of clinical outcomes and prognosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite remarkable advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The pathophysiology of AMI involves complex mechanisms, including atherosclerotic plaque rupture, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, and inflammatory responses. While timely reperfusion therapy has significantly improved survival, long-term outcomes are still compromised by complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias, and recurrent ischemic events. This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge contributions addressing the multifaceted aspects of AMI, from molecular and cellular mechanisms to translational and clinical applications. We particularly welcome studies exploring novel biomarkers, preventive strategies, emerging pharmacological agents, and innovative interventional or regenerative therapies. Reviews and original research are encouraged to foster a comprehensive understanding of AMI and promote novel therapeutic perspectives. By uniting interdisciplinary expertise, this Special Issue will serve as a platform to advance the field and improve patient.

Prof. Dr. Maurizio Taramasso
Guest Editor

Dr. Salvatore Scianna
Guest Editor Assistant

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Keywords

  • acute myocardial infarction
  • atherosclerosis and plaque rupture
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • inflammation and thrombosis
  • biomarkers of AMI
  • preventive cardiology
  • pharmacological therapies
  • interventional cardiology
  • regenerative strategies
  • clinical outcomes and prognosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 404 KB  
Article
Predictive Performance of the Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation for Contrast-Induced Nephropathy After PCI in Elderly ACS Patients
by Çağatay Önal, Cennet Yıldız, Yasin Yüksel and Burak Ayça
Medicina 2026, 62(2), 361; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina62020361 - 11 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI) for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) development in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing PCI. Materials and Methods: The study included consecutive [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI) for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) development in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing PCI. Materials and Methods: The study included consecutive patients aged ≥65 years who underwent PCI for ACS between January 2022 and January 2024. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of CIN, defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% from baseline within 48–72 h after PCI. The AISI was calculated for each patient. Results: A total of 437 patients (mean age 73.7 ± 7.2 years, 64.5% male) were included. The overall incidence of CIN was 25.6%. Patients who developed CIN were older, more frequently female, and had lower left ventricular ejection fraction and albumin but higher SYNTAX I scores and baseline creatinine (all p < 0.001). AISI demonstrated a significant predictive accuracy for CIN (AUC: 0.709, 95% CI: 0.647–0.771, p < 0.001), which was statistically comparable to the Mehran score (AUC: 0.744, p = 0.095). In multivariable analysis, AISI emerged as a strong independent predictor of CIN (OR: 1.345, 95% CI: 1.123–1.437, p < 0.001), alongside SYNTAX I scores, baseline creatinine, and serum albumin. Notably, AISI retained its independent predictive power even when adjusted for the Mehran score (OR: 1.276, p < 0.001). Conclusions: AISI independently predicts CIN in elderly patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Its superior discriminative ability compared with single hematologic markers highlights the importance of systemic inflammatory burden in CIN pathogenesis. Incorporating AISI into pre-procedural assessment may improve risk stratification and preventive management in this high-risk population. Full article
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