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Medicina
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Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We...
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Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Dermatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 3803

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fabrizio Martora

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: hidradenitis suppurativa; psoriasis; atopic dermatitis; new treatment; skin inflammatory disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Matteo Megna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoly, Italy
Interests: inflammatory skin diseases; psoriasis; hidradenitis; atopic dermatitis; acne and rosacea; infective diseases; ontological diseases in dermatology (including melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers); teledermatology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Significant progress has been achieved in the last few decades in dermatology, especially regarding chronic inflammatory skin diseases. In recent years, great progress has also been made in understanding the pathogenesis of the most common inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa that has led to the development of selective and targeted innovative therapies. In particular, biological drugs (chimeric, humanized, and fully human monoclonal antibodies), biosimilars, and small molecules have completely revolutionized the treatment of chronic inflammatory skin diseases by opening new avenues for us clinicians. However, significant research efforts are still needed. New studies are needed to identify biomarkers for each disease, so that we clinicians may be able to diagnose and treat chronic inflammatory diseases early and predict responses to treatments so that we can choose the best treatment for each type of patient.

This Special Issue entitled “Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition” is now open for submissions, welcoming papers that aim to bring together the most relevant scientific research on chronic inflammatory skin diseases, focusing on epidemiology, pathophysiology, and recent or emerging advances in therapy.

Dr. Fabrizio Martora
Dr. Matteo Megna
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • psoriasis
  • atopic dermatitis
  • hidradenitis suppurativa
  • skin inflammatory disease

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1630 KiB  
Article
Clinical Effectiveness, Clinical Stability, and Effects on Serum Galectin-7 Levels of Dupilumab and JAK Inhibitors in Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World, Single-Center Analysis
by Akihiro Horie, Tomomitsu Miyagaki, Chikako Hiranuma, Mami Iijima, Yoshiaki Hara, Shinya Oba, Mina Hashimoto, Reina Omori, Tatsuro Okano and Takafumi Kadono
Medicina 2025, 61(5), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050926 - 20 May 2025
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Several biologics and oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been developed and shown in clinical trials and real-world studies to be effective and safe in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the real-world outcomes of [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Several biologics and oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have been developed and shown in clinical trials and real-world studies to be effective and safe in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the real-world outcomes of patients with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab and JAK inhibitors in our facility, focusing on their short-term effect on serum galectin-7 levels, a biomarker reflecting skin barrier impairment, and one-year stability based on patient-oriented outcomes. Materials and Methods: In a single-center, retrospective study of AD patients treated with dupilumab or JAK inhibitors between January 2018 and December 2024, we assessed physician-oriented outcomes until 16 weeks and patient-oriented outcomes until 52 weeks. Serum galectin-7 levels at baseline and 4 and/or 16 weeks after treatment were measured in 14 patients. Results: A total of 45 patients starting dupilumab and 10 patients starting JAK inhibitors were enrolled. Percentage reductions in EASI scores from baseline at 4, 8, and 16 weeks were 58.36 ± 22.09, 69.59 ± 20.96, and 75.98 ± 19.70, with no significant differences between patients treated with dupilumab and JAK inhibitors. Serum galectin-7 levels were significantly reduced after treatment at 4 and 16 weeks in the entire population. Both DLQI and POEM scores were reduced at 4 weeks and gradually decreased until 52 weeks. The reduction was faster with JAK inhibitors than with dupilumab. Visits with unstable effectiveness, defined as a visit with a three-point or greater increase in the POEM score at 28, 40, and 52 weeks, were more frequent in JAK inhibitor patients. Conclusions: Both dupilumab and JAK inhibitors showed high effectiveness on skin inflammation and decreased a marker of skin barrier dysfunction within 16 weeks. JAK inhibitors improved patient-reported outcomes more quickly than dupilumab, but instability of effectiveness during 16 and 52 weeks was higher with JAK inhibitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition)
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14 pages, 882 KiB  
Article
The Real-World Burden of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis in Patients Under Systemic Treatment from Baltic Countries: Data from the CRYSTAL Observational Study
by Maigi Eisen, Ilona Hartmane, Külli Kingo, Ingmars Mikazans, Tiina Toomson, Karin Toomela and Skaidra Valiukeviciene
Medicina 2025, 61(3), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61030397 - 25 Feb 2025
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Data on disease control, treatment, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with psoriasis from Baltic countries are lacking. In this study, we aimed to assess the disease control, treatment, and QoL of patients with psoriasis in countries from [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Data on disease control, treatment, and quality of life (QoL) in patients with psoriasis from Baltic countries are lacking. In this study, we aimed to assess the disease control, treatment, and QoL of patients with psoriasis in countries from Central and Eastern Europe, and we report data for the Baltic countries. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional, international study (CRYSTAL), we retrospectively assessed the real-world disease severity and QoL in adult patients (18–75 years) from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania with moderate-to-severe psoriasis receiving continuous systemic treatment ≥ 24 weeks. Analyses included 50 patients from each country and were descriptive. Results: The median disease duration was 15.2–19.9 years across the countries. Most patients (78.0% in Estonia, 100% in Latvia, and 68.0% in Lithuania) were receiving monotherapy with biological agents, mainly TNF inhibitors. An absolute PASI score ≤ 3 was achieved by 82.0%, 70.0%, and 64.0% of patients in the overall study population and 89.7%, 70.0%, and 61.8% of patients receiving biologic monotherapy in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, respectively. Across the countries, impairments in QoL as expressed by a Dermatology Life Quality Index score > 5 were reported by 14.0–34.0% of patients, while 88.0–96.0% of patients were satisfied with their treatment. Conclusions: Although most patients showed low absolute PASI scores and satisfaction with their evolution after ≥24 weeks of systemic treatment, they still reported an impact on QoL. This finding underlines that further optimization of systemic treatment strategies is needed to improve outcomes in moderate-to-severe psoriasis in Baltic countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition)
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Review

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16 pages, 324 KiB  
Review
New and Emerging Biologics and Jak Inhibitors for the Treatment of Prurigo Nodularis: A Narrative Review
by Matteo Bianco, Francesco D’Oria, Costanza Falcidia, Giulio Foggi, Elena Matteodo, Sara Di Giulio, Paola Facheris, Luciano Ibba, Chiara Perugini, Mario Valenti, Carlo Alberto Vignoli, Antonio Costanzo, Alessandra Narcisi and Luigi Gargiulo
Medicina 2025, 61(4), 631; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61040631 - 29 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic dermatological condition characterized by intensely pruritic nodules resulting from repeated scratching. Its pathogenesis involves neuroimmune dysregulation, inflammatory cytokines, and neural proliferation. Conventional treatments often provide limited relief, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. This narrative review explores emerging biologics [...] Read more.
Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic dermatological condition characterized by intensely pruritic nodules resulting from repeated scratching. Its pathogenesis involves neuroimmune dysregulation, inflammatory cytokines, and neural proliferation. Conventional treatments often provide limited relief, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. This narrative review explores emerging biologics and small molecules for PN treatment, assessing their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for relevant studies up to February 2025. Additionally, ongoing clinical trials were identified through a verified international website. The search terms included “prurigo nodularis”, “biologic treatments”, “monoclonal antibodies”, “small molecules”, and “JAK inhibitors”. Among new treatment options, dupilumab, an IL-4 receptor antagonist, and nemolizumab, an IL-31 receptor inhibitor, demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing pruritus and lesion severity in PN patients. Other promising monoclonal antibodies include vixarelimab (OSMRβ inhibitor) and barzolvolimab (KIT inhibitor). Small molecules such as JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib, povorcitinib) also show potential by modulating inflammatory pathways. Clinical trials highlight their efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits. Emerging biologics and small molecules represent a transformative approach for PN management, offering targeted therapies that address underlying immunological and neurological mechanisms. Ongoing research and long-term studies are crucial to optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition)
9 pages, 630 KiB  
Review
Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Elderly Patients: Clinical and Therapeutical Outcomes—A Review of the Literature
by Fabrizio Martora, Nello Tommasino, Claudio Brescia, Luca Potestio, Teresa Battista and Matteo Megna
Medicina 2024, 60(9), 1465; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60091465 - 6 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1893
Abstract
The management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in elderly patients presents unique challenges due to its chronic inflammatory nature, heterogeneous clinical presentation and comorbidities. While HS typically affects the anogenital and intertriginous regions, elderly patients may exhibit atypical features such as the involvement of [...] Read more.
The management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in elderly patients presents unique challenges due to its chronic inflammatory nature, heterogeneous clinical presentation and comorbidities. While HS typically affects the anogenital and intertriginous regions, elderly patients may exhibit atypical features such as the involvement of the neck, mammary area and gluteal region. The prevalence of HS in the elderly population is lower and the average age of disease onset is higher than in patients under 65. In contrast, it is unclear whether HS in the elderly has different clinical features. The elderly frequently present multiple comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, which further complicate management decisions. Therapeutic interventions must consider the frailty and increased risk of multimorbidity and adverse events in elderly patients. While systemic antibiotics remain a mainstay of HS treatment, biologic agents such as TNFα inhibitors and secukinumab offer promising options for refractory cases. However, their safety and efficacy in elderly patients, particularly those with multiple comorbidities, require careful consideration. A comprehensive approach to managing HS in elderly patients involves not only pharmacological interventions but also lifestyle modifications and surgical options where appropriate. Multidisciplinary collaboration between dermatologists, geriatricians and other specialists is essential for tailoring treatment strategies and optimizing long-term outcomes and quality of life in special population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Where We Are and Where We Are Going: 2nd Edition)
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