Current Molecular Research on Skin Diseases

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 7071

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: inflammatory skin diseases; psoriasis; hidradenitis; atopic dermatitis; acne and rosacea; infective diseases; melanoma; nonmelanoma skin cancers; teledermatology; COVID-19; vaccination; side effects; cutaneous reactions
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*
Website
Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoly, Italy
Interests: acne; inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis; hidradenitis; psoriasis); dermoscopy; melanoma; photodermatology and alopecia; dermocosmetological care of chemotherapy skin reaction “corpo ritrovato”
* We dedicate the memory of the editor, Gabriella Fabbrocini, who passed away during this special issue period.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoly, Italy
Interests: inflammatory skin diseases; psoriasis; hidradenitis; atopic dermatitis; acne and rosacea; infective diseases; ontological diseases in dermatology (including melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers); teledermatology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: COVID-19; COVID-vaccine; hidradenitis suppurativa; psoriasis; atopic dermatitis; lichen planus; skin inflammatory disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Current molecular research on skin diseases is paving the way for significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of various dermatological conditions. Scientists and researchers work to understand the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying skin diseases, ranging from common ailments such as acne and eczema to more severe conditions such as psoriasis and melanoma. Additionally, molecular research has shed light on the immunological aspects of skin diseases. Inflammatory cytokines, signaling pathways, and immune cell interactions are being studied to decipher the mechanisms underlying conditions such as psoriasis, vitiligo, and blistering autoimmune diseases. This knowledge has resulted in developing targeted biological therapies that specifically modulate these immune pathways, providing patients with effective treatment options.

Moreover, advances in molecular techniques have enabled researchers to examine individual cell types within the skin, resulting in a more nuanced understanding of cellular heterogeneity and disease-specific alterations. These insights are instrumental in identifying new therapeutic targets and developing personalized treatment strategies.

The COVID-19 pandemic also revolutionized the management of several dermatoses.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current molecular research on skin diseases in order to highlight the importance of a personalized approach.

Dr. Luca Potestio
Prof. Dr. Gabriella Fabbrocini
Dr. Matteo Megna
Dr. Angelo Ruggiero
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • molecular research
  • pathogenesis
  • cutaneous diseases
  • treatment
  • COVID-19

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1333 KiB  
Article
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Incidence and Thickness of Cutaneous Melanoma in Belgium
by Philip Georg Demaerel, Arthur Leloup, Lieve Brochez, Liesbet Van Eycken and Marjan Garmyn
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1645; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061645 - 6 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1475
Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 had a major impact on cancer diagnostics and treatment. Delays in diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma were particularly feared, given the impact on survival and morbidity that comes with advanced stages. Moreover, its incidence in Belgium has been rapidly increasing in [...] Read more.
(1) Background: COVID-19 had a major impact on cancer diagnostics and treatment. Delays in diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma were particularly feared, given the impact on survival and morbidity that comes with advanced stages. Moreover, its incidence in Belgium has been rapidly increasing in recent decades. This Belgian population-level study quantifies the pandemic effect on the number of melanoma diagnoses and Breslow thickness in 2020 and 2021. (2) Methods: In using an automated algorithm, the number of cutaneous melanoma diagnoses and Breslow thickness were extracted from all pathology protocols from 2017–2021 by the Belgian Cancer Registry. Monthly variations, as well as year-to-year differences, were studied. (3) Results: Annual incidence of cutaneous melanoma fell by 1% in 2020, compared to 2019, mainly due to a diagnostic deficit in March, April, and May 2020. An 8% incidence increase occurred in 2021, primarily reflecting an increase in the number of the thinnest melanomas (≤1 mm). Both the mean and median Breslow thicknesses were higher in spring 2020, resulting from an underrepresentation of thinner tumors. However, no particulars stood out on a full-year basis in either 2020 or 2021. (4) Conclusions: Considering the expected incidence increase, we estimate almost 210 melanoma diagnoses were missed in Belgium in 2020, corresponding to 6% of the expected number. This deficit occurred mainly during the first COVID-19 wave. Despite some rebound, the 2021 total was still 3% short of the expected number, leaving around 325 diagnoses remaining pending in 2020 and 2021, corresponding to a two-year deficit of 4.35%. Fortunately, mainly thin melanomas were missed, without any detectable shift toward thicker tumors later in 2020 and or 2021. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Molecular Research on Skin Diseases)
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Review

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13 pages, 977 KiB  
Review
Biologic and Small Molecule Therapy in Atopic Dermatitis
by Mahek Shergill, Barinder Bajwa, Orhan Yilmaz, Karishma Tailor, Naila Bouadi and Ilya Mukovozov
Biomedicines 2024, 12(8), 1841; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081841 - 13 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritic, scaly, erythematous lesions. Its incidence varies but is estimated to be approximately 20% in children and between 7 and 14% in adults, with variation amongst countries. It is a multifactorial condition, with a [...] Read more.
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by pruritic, scaly, erythematous lesions. Its incidence varies but is estimated to be approximately 20% in children and between 7 and 14% in adults, with variation amongst countries. It is a multifactorial condition, with a complex interplay between genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Research into the inflammatory response has identified new therapeutic targets that work to reduce inflammation and subsequently reduce flares. This study explores existing therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis as well as newer therapies such as biologics and small molecules, drawing upon each agent’s mechanism of action, relevant landmark clinical trials, efficacy, and safety profile. Current therapies include emollients, corticosteroids, cyclosporine A, calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, and methotrexate. Biologics described include dupilumab, tralokinumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, and rocatinlimab. Small molecules inhibitors include Janus kinase inhibitors, phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors, transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily V member 1 antagonist, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Molecular Research on Skin Diseases)
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13 pages, 645 KiB  
Review
New Onset and Exacerbation of Psoriasis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Review of the Current Knowledge
by Luca Potestio, Teresa Battista, Sara Cacciapuoti, Angelo Ruggiero, Fabrizio Martora, Luigi Fornaro, Elisa Camela and Matteo Megna
Biomedicines 2023, 11(8), 2191; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082191 - 3 Aug 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3828
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination was the main measure to overcome the pandemic. As with other drugs and vaccines, mild to moderate adverse events have been reported following vaccination. In addition, several cutaneous reactions have been described. In particular, there are several reports investigating de novo [...] Read more.
COVID-19 vaccination was the main measure to overcome the pandemic. As with other drugs and vaccines, mild to moderate adverse events have been reported following vaccination. In addition, several cutaneous reactions have been described. In particular, there are several reports investigating de novo psoriasis or the exacerbation of psoriasis following COVID-19 vaccination. However, data on the possible pathogenetic mechanisms as well as comprehensive manuscripts on the topic are scant. Thus, the aim of our manuscript was to perform a review of the current literature on post-COVID-19 vaccination exacerbations and new-onset psoriasis in order to offer a wide perspective on this area and to point out possible pathogenetic mechanisms. Research on the current literature was performed following PRISMA guidelines. In total, 49 studies involving 134 patients developing new-onset psoriasis (n = 27, 20.1%) or psoriasis exacerbation (n = 107, 79.9%) were collected. Although cases of de novo psoriasis or a worsening of psoriasis have been reported following vaccination, all of the cases have been successfully treated while overall benefit–risk profile of COVID-19 vaccination does not justify vaccine hesitancy due to the risk of psoriasis being developed or worsening. Certainly, further studies are needed to identify possible pathogenetic mechanisms in order to identify “at-risk” patients. Finally, vaccination should not be discouraged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Molecular Research on Skin Diseases)
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