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Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials

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A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020)

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Prof. Dr. Daniel Chateigner

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CRISMAT-CNRS Laboratory, Université de Caen Normandie, 14000 Caen, France
Interests: combined analysis; open databases; XRD; XRF; texture; crystallography, construction materials
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The anisotropic properties of polycrystalline aggregates are strongly influenced by the preferred orientation (texture) of their constituting crystals. Beneficiation of such textures is conducted in order to optimize macroscopic properties in specific directions. A plethora of elaboration techniques have been developed for this optimization, resulting in various sample dimensionalities, from nanofibers and thin architectures to large bulks and composites. Initial mechanical forces used in rolling, casting, etc., developed to shape textured metallic alloys, today range in techniques using other orientation forces, such as electrical and magnetic fields, thermal gradients, spark plasmas, substrates, etc. All fields of materials science are concerned, such as shape memory alloys, semiconductors, superconductors, thermoelectrics, magnetics, ferroelectrics, polymers, ionic conductors, metals, etc. As a result, elaborated materials are of increasing architectural complexity, often composed of low crystal symmetry and multiphased, and Quantitative Texture Analysis (QTA) tools evolved for their characterization. Usual QTA, using X-ray, electron, and neutron scattering, progressively incorporated the characterization of residual stresses, crystal defects, and their variations in samples, giving rise to the new concept of Combined Analysis to take into account as many of the possible aspects of the actual material. Additionally, the representation and simulation of the resulting properties, using direct tensor homogenizations and first-principle calculations, holds an important place in the understanding of a material’s behavior.

In this Special Issue, we aim at reviewing recent aspects of texture application to advanced materials of all kinds, from anisotropic elaboration techniques to the resulting anisotropic properties, and via their scattering and spectroscopic characterization and simulation. New process developments, characterization techniques, simulations, and databases linked to anisotropy are targeted.

Prof. Dr. Daniel Chateigner
Guest Editor

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Keywords

texture analysis
tensor homogenization
tensor property
anisotropy
orientation distribution
DFT
spectroscopies
databases
modeling
3D printing
shape memory alloys
magnetic texture
superconductors
semiconductors
thermoelectrics
ferroelectrics
piezoelectrics
batteries
polymers

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 7684 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surface Characterization and Tribological Performance of Anodizing Micro-Textured Aluminum-Silicon Alloys

by Luanxia Chen, Zhanqiang Liu, Bing Wang, Qinghua Song, Yi Wan and Long Chen

Materials 2019, 12(11), 1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12111862 - 09 Jun 2019

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3763

Abstract

Eutectic aluminum-silicon alloys present high frictional coefficient and a high wear rate due to the low hardness under sliding friction conditions. In this paper, the eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy was textured firstly by micro-milling operations. Then, the micro-textured specimen was subjected to anodizing to fabricate alumina films. The surface topography, surface roughness, and bearing area ratio of micro-textured and anodizing micro-textured specimens were measured and characterized. For the anodizing micro-textured specimens, the surface roughness and superficial hardness increase compared with those for micro-textured ones. Tribological tests indicate that anodizing micro-textured samples present lower friction coefficient of 0.37 than that of flat samples of 0.43 under dry sliding conditions. However, they exhibit higher friction coefficient at 0.16 than that of flat samples of 0.13 under oil-lubricated conditions. The difference between the friction coefficient of anodizing micro-textured and flat samples under dry and oil-lubricated conditions is ascribed to the influence mechanism of surface roughness, bearing area ratio curves, and its relative parameters on the tribological performance of testing samples. The dry sliding friction coefficient has a positive correlation with bearing area ratio curves, while they present negative correlation with bearing area ratio curves under oil-lubricated conditions. The synergy method treated with micro-milling and anodizing provides an effective approach to enhance the dry sliding friction property of eutectic aluminum-silicon alloys. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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17 pages, 7060 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Composition Optimization and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Al-Sn-Mn Alloys by Orthogonal Design

by Maosheng Guan, Yaobo Hu, Tianxu Zheng, Tianshuo Zhao and Fusheng Pan

Materials 2018, 11(8), 1424; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11081424 - 13 Aug 2018

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4035

Abstract

Nine kinds of rare-earth free Mg-Al-Sn-Mn magnesium alloys were designed by orthogonal method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and tension tests were carried out to investigate the microstructures and mechanical properties. As-cast Mg-Al-Sn-Mn alloys have an obvious dendritic structure that is composed of α-Mg, Mg₁₇Al₁₂, and Mg₂Sn phases. After hot extrusion, the cast dendrite structure changed into a recrystallized equiaxed grain. Mg₁₇Al₁₂ dissolved completely into a matrix, and only α-Mg, Mg₂Sn, and a few Al-Mn phases could be observed. The influence of three alloy elements (Al, Sn, and Mn) on grain size, texture intensity, ultimate tensile strength (UTS), tensile yield strength (TYS), and elongation (EL) were studied by extreme difference analysis method. The content of Mn had the greatest influence on grain size. The AT61-0.2Mn and AT73-0.2Mn alloys had the smallest grain, reaching 6.8 μm. The content of Al had the greatest influence on the strength; therefore, the AT73-0.2Mn alloy had the highest UTS, 322 MPa, and TYS, 202 MPa. The content of Sn had the greatest influence on elongation. The AT52-0.4Mn alloy had the highest elongation in theory, but it was not included in the nine designed kinds of alloys yet. AT52-0.2Mn alloy had the highest elongation in the nine alloys (28.4%). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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5451 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Extraction of the Anisotropic Plasticity of Metal Materials by Using Inverse Analysis and Dual Indentation Tests

by Mingzhi Wang, Jianjun Wu, He Fan, Zengkun Zhang and Hongfei Wu

Materials 2018, 11(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11010012 - 22 Dec 2017

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5709

Abstract

In this paper, a novel inverse computation approach is proposed to extract the anisotropic plasticity parameters of metal materials by using inverse analysis and dual indentation tests. Based on dimensional analysis and extensive finite element (FE) simulations, four independent dimensionless functions are derived to correlate the anisotropic plasticity parameters with material responses in dual indentation tests. Besides, an inverse calculation algorithm is suggested, to estimate the unknown anisotropic parameters of the indented specimens using the information collected from indentation. The proposed numerical approach is applied on a series of engineering materials. Results show that the inverse analysis is ill-posed when only the load-displacement (P-h) curves in dual indentation tests were used. This problem can be effectively alleviated by introducing the pile-up effect as the additional information. The new method is proved to be very effective and reliable. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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4965 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multiscale Modeling of Polycrystalline NiTi Shape Memory Alloy under Various Plastic Deformation Conditions by Coupling Microstructure Evolution and Macroscopic Mechanical Response

by Li Hu, Shuyong Jiang, Tao Zhou, Jian Tu, Laixin Shi, Qiang Chen and Mingbo Yang

Materials 2017, 10(10), 1172; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10101172 - 13 Oct 2017

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6341

Abstract

Numerical modeling of microstructure evolution in various regions during uniaxial compression and canning compression of NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) are studied through combined macroscopic and microscopic finite element simulation in order to investigate plastic deformation of NiTi SMA at 400 °C. In this approach, the macroscale material behavior is modeled with a relatively coarse finite element mesh, and then the corresponding deformation history in some selected regions in this mesh is extracted by the sub-model technique of finite element code ABAQUS and subsequently used as boundary conditions for the microscale simulation by means of crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM). Simulation results show that NiTi SMA exhibits an inhomogeneous plastic deformation at the microscale. Moreover, regions that suffered canning compression sustain more homogeneous plastic deformation by comparison with the corresponding regions subjected to uniaxial compression. The mitigation of inhomogeneous plastic deformation contributes to reducing the statistically stored dislocation (SSD) density in polycrystalline aggregation and also to reducing the difference of stress level in various regions of deformed NiTi SMA sample, and therefore sustaining large plastic deformation in the canning compression process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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3553 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Preferred Orientation Contribution to the Anisotropic Normal State Resistivity in Superconducting Melt-Cast Processed Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ

by Aline Dellicour, Benedicte Vertruyen, Mark O. Rikel, Luca Lutterotti, Alain Pautrat, Bachir Ouladdiaf and Daniel Chateigner

Materials 2017, 10(5), 534; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10050534 - 15 May 2017

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4908

Abstract

We describe how the contribution of crystallographic texture to the anisotropy of the resistivity of polycrystalline samples can be estimated by averaging over crystallographic orientations through a geometric mean approach. The calculation takes into account the orientation distribution refined from neutron diffraction data and literature values for the single crystal resistivity tensor. The example discussed here is a melt-cast processed Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ (Bi-2212) polycrystalline tube in which the main texture component is a <010> fiber texture with relatively low texture strength. Experimentally-measured resistivities along the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions of the Bi-2212 tube were compared to calculated values and found to be of the same order of magnitude. Calculations for this example and additional simulations for various texture strengths and single crystal resistivity anisotropies confirm that in the case of highly anisotropic phases such as Bi-2212, even low texture strengths have a significant effect on the anisotropy of the resistivity in polycrystalline samples. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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Review

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11709 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Crystallographic Characterization on Polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga Alloys with Strong Preferred Orientation

by Zongbin Li, Bo Yang, Naifu Zou, Yudong Zhang, Claude Esling, Weimin Gan, Xiang Zhao and Liang Zuo

Materials 2017, 10(5), 463; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10050463 - 27 Apr 2017

Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5744

Abstract

Heusler type Ni-Mn-Ga ferromagnetic shape memory alloys can demonstrate excellent magnetic shape memory effect in single crystals. However, such effect in polycrystalline alloys is greatly weakened due to the random distribution of crystallographic orientation. Microstructure optimization and texture control are of great significance and challenge to improve the functional behaviors of polycrystalline alloys. In this paper, we summarize our recent progress on the microstructure control in polycrystalline Ni-Mn-Ga alloys in the form of bulk alloys, melt-spun ribbons and thin films, based on the detailed crystallographic characterizations through neutron diffraction, X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction. The presented results are expected to offer some guidelines for the microstructure modification and functional performance control of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Textures and Anisotropy in Advanced Materials)

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