Nanomedicine and Immunotherapy
A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 200
Special Issue Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Cancer remains a dreaded disease with continuously increasing incidences and remains as one of the the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Traditional resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy used as standard treatments have demonstrated limited effectiveness against cancers with high tumor recurrence or metastasis rates. Recently, immunotherapeutic agents have opened new avenues for cancer treatment by stimulating the host’s immune system and have attracted significant attention for cancer therapy. The major advantage of cancer immunotherapy over current standard therapies is that it can effectively prevent metastasis and recurrence due to the phenomenon of immunological memory. Moreover, as a result of the induced immune responses with a population of CD8+ T cells and T memory cells, the long-term control of tumors could be facilitated by immune memory without tumor recurrence. The significant success of small-scale trials based on immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI), with different antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) engineering, has enormously boosted the applications of immunotherapy in recent years. During the early stages, immune effector cells have been substantially used for adoptive treatment, which includes utilizing lymphocytes and cytokine-induced and lymphokine-activated killer cells from the cancer patient. Thereafter, CAR-T has been developed, and it is capable of identifying the population of tumor cells. However, there are several limitations associated with CAR-T for treating solid tumors, including inefficient infiltration into tumor tissues, loss of specific target effects due to the cancer immunoediting, and the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Although the antitumor effects of ICI have been demonstrated against a variety of cancers, only a small percentage of advanced melanoma patients showed a robust immune response. Thus, the lack of effective therapeutic agents associated with immunotherapies and the existence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment remain the main obstacles for an effective application of immunotherapy.
Prof. Dr. Hongzhang Deng
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- nanoparticles
- immunotherapy
- tumor
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