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Carbon Nanostructures in Composite Materials: Influence of Composition and Structure on Properties and Potential Application

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2021) | Viewed by 2722

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Chemistry, Torun, Poland
Interests: chemistry of materials, nanomaterials, carbon materials—synthesis, modification, and characterization; instrumental methods (SEM, TEM, AFM, IR, Raman, EDX, and techniques combined micro-IR, micro-Raman, SEM-EDX, TEM-EDX) in the study of materials, especially nanomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Flagship carbon nanomaterials with fullerenes, nanotubes, and graphene enjoy unflagging interest. Currently, many studies are at the stage of dedicated modifications and are searching for advanced applications for these nanomaterials. This Special Issue will be an international forum to share the achievements of novelty materials specialists. Feel free to submit original manuscripts on the synthesis, modification, and characterization of carbon nanomaterials and their composites, with particular emphasis on searching for their applications. The following are some specific topics that we are interested in: carbon nanomaterials as electrode materials, both as a main component and as composite components; characterization of novel carbon materials, particularly, for use in a sodium-ion battery (SIB); defects in the structure of carbon nanomaterials, particularly, defects observed in Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); modeling of defects in the structure of graphene and confrontation theoretical results with the experiment.

Dr. Grzegorz Trykowski
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • carbon nanomaterials
  • composite materials
  • carbon electrode materials
  • carbon nanotubes
  • graphene
  • graphene oxide
  • few-layer graphene oxide
  • reduced graphene oxide
  • gagat, jet
  • disordered carbons
  • hard carbons
  • nongraphitic carbons
  • defects in graphene structures,
  • thrower–stone–wales defects
  • pentagon–heptagon defects
  • sodium-ion batteries
  • electrochemistry
  • electron microscopy
  • raman spectroscopy
  • modeling of defects

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 28314 KiB  
Article
Effect of Microwave Treatment in a High Pressure Microwave Reactor on Graphene Oxide Reduction Process—TEM, XRD, Raman, IR and Surface Electron Spectroscopic Studies
by Beata Lesiak, Grzegorz Trykowski, József Tóth, Stanisław Biniak, László Kövér, Neha Rangam, Artur Małolepszy and Leszek Stobiński
Materials 2021, 14(19), 5728; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195728 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2254
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared by chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) (with a modified Hummers method) in aqueous solutions of hydrazine (N2H4), formaldehyde (CH2O), formic acid (HCO2H) accompanied by a microwave treatment at [...] Read more.
Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared by chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) (with a modified Hummers method) in aqueous solutions of hydrazine (N2H4), formaldehyde (CH2O), formic acid (HCO2H) accompanied by a microwave treatment at 250 °C (MWT) by a high pressure microwave reactor (HPMWR) at 55 bar. The substrates and received products were investigated by TEM, XRD, Raman and IR spectroscopies, XPS, XAES and REELS. MWT assisted reduction using different agents resulted in rGOs of a large number of vacancy defects, smaller than at GO surface C sp3 defects, oxygen groups and interstitial water, interlayer distance and diameter of stacking nanostructures (flakes). The average number of flake layers obtained from XRD and REELS was consistent, being the smallest for CH2O and then increasing for HCO2H and N2H4. The number of layers in rGOs increases with decreasing content of vacancy, C sp3 defects, oxygen groups, water and flake diameter. MWT conditions facilitate formation of vacancies and additional hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups at these vacancies, provide no remarkable modification of flake diameter, what results in more competitive penetration of reducing agent between the interstitial sites than via vacancies. MWT reduction of GO using a weak reducing agent (CH2O) provided rGO of 8 layers thickness. Full article
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