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Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing
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Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymeric Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2024) | Viewed by 5453

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Seung-Jin Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712749, Republic of Korea
Interests: warm/cool feeling; ceramic-embedded fabric; far-infrared thermal manikin; eco-friendly yarn; textured yarn; fabric hand; protective fabric; wear comfort; weaving loom

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Various types of textile materials, such as fibers, yarns, nonwoven materials and fabrics, and even fiber-reinforced composites, have been used as clothing materials worn by human beings and as modern engineering materials in different industrial fields. The fiber materials used as modern engineering materials are known as Kevlar, carbon and various high-performance fibers, including nano-fibrous materials. The processing and properties of these various textile materials, including fibers and fabrics, play a very important role in producing new textile goods and are critical to improve their new functions. Therefore, many studies in these areas have been conducted in the last several hundred years.

Textile materials are divided into two categories: One includes fashion textiles using eco-friendly fibers, for which the wear comfort and functional properties, such as stretchability, breathability, and absorbing and drying properties, have been improved; processing technologies, such as coating, laminating and hot melt, have been developed to improve their advanced functions (water repellency, water proof ability and vapor permeability). In addition, advanced industrial textiles have been developed and produced using various advanced fiber materials (Kevlar, carbon and other high-performance fibers) and nonwoven materials including nano-technology.

The aim of this SI (Special Issue) is to present and understand recent, advanced new technologies by investigating developing trends in advanced textile materials, the improvement of their properties, and new processes. In-depth observations related to the processing and properties of textiles and fabrics are needed for practical applications of this newly developed technology in commercialized fields through mutual communication with all scientists in this area.

In particular, through this SI, in-depth consideration will be bridged with new research areas conducted in the near future, i.e., digital transformation in the development of new fabrics; AI-aided design technology; and the application and development of IoT and RAIN RFID in the textile industry.

Prof. Dr. Seung-Jin Kim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • intelligent and smart textiles
  • medical and protective fabrics
  • green and recycled textiles
  • eco-friendly yarn processing and its properties
  • high-performance fabrics and their properties
  • bio-degradable fibers and their properties
  • water/energy-saving dyeing process
  • processing technologies in weaving/knitting and their properties
  • nonwoven and electro-spinning technologies with nano-fibers
  • CAD and CAM design technology

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 14394 KiB  
Article
Electret Nonwoven Structures for High-Efficiency Air Filtration, Produced Using the Blow Spinning Technique
by Agata Penconek, Natalia Bąkała, Anna Jackiewicz-Zagórska, Artur Małolepszy, Rafał Przekop and Arkadiusz Moskal
Materials 2024, 17(24), 6038; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246038 - 10 Dec 2024
Viewed by 851
Abstract
This study explores the fabrication of electret nonwoven structures for high-efficiency air filtration, utilizing the blow spinning technique. In response to the growing need for effective filtration systems, we aimed to develop biodegradable materials capable of capturing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) without compromising [...] Read more.
This study explores the fabrication of electret nonwoven structures for high-efficiency air filtration, utilizing the blow spinning technique. In response to the growing need for effective filtration systems, we aimed to develop biodegradable materials capable of capturing fine particulate matter (PM2.5) without compromising environmental sustainability. Polylactic acid (PLA) was used as the primary polymer, with the addition of SiO2 and MoS2 to enhance the fibers’ charge retention and filtration performance. The fibers were charged electrostatically to improve particle capture efficiency. The experimental results showed that fibers containing 5% MoS2 exhibited the highest filtration efficiency, surpassing those with SiO2, despite MoS2 being a semiconductor and SiO2 a dielectric. Furthermore, the addition of MoS2 improved the filtration efficiency across a range of particle sizes (0.2–1 µm) while maintaining a manageable pressure drop. These findings suggest that incorporating MoS2 in electret nonwoven structures can significantly improve filtration performance, making it a promising material for advanced air filtration applications. This study contributes to the development of eco-friendly filtration materials with high performance, essential in reducing exposure to airborne pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing)
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15 pages, 74974 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Silver Conductive Ink Screen-Printed Textile Circuits: Effects of Substrate, Mesh Density, and Overprinting
by Hyobin Im and Jung-Sim Roh
Materials 2024, 17(19), 4898; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17194898 - 6 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1201
Abstract
This study explores the intricate interaction between the properties of textile substrates and screen-printing parameters in shaping fabric circuits using silver conductive ink. Via analyzing key variables such as fabric type, mesh density, and the number of overprinted layers, the research revealed how [...] Read more.
This study explores the intricate interaction between the properties of textile substrates and screen-printing parameters in shaping fabric circuits using silver conductive ink. Via analyzing key variables such as fabric type, mesh density, and the number of overprinted layers, the research revealed how the porous structure, large surface area, and fiber morphology of textile substrates influence ink absorption, ultimately enhancing the electrical connectivity of the printed circuits. Notably, the hydrophilic cotton staple fibers fabric effectively absorbed the conductive ink into the fabric substrate, demonstrating superior electrical performance compared with the hydrophobic polyester filament fabric after three overprinting, unlike the results observed after a single print. As mesh density decreased and the number of prints increased, the electrical resistance of the circuit gradually reduced, but ink bleeding on the fabric surface became more pronounced. Cotton fabric, via absorbing the ink deeply, exhibited less surface bleeding, while polyester fabric showed more noticeable ink spreading. These findings provide valuable insights for improving screen printing technology for textile circuits and contribute to the development of advanced fabric circuits that enhance the functionality of smart wearable technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing)
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14 pages, 3839 KiB  
Article
Three-Dimensional Double-Layer Multi-Stage Thermal Management Fabric for Solar Desalination
by Xiao Feng, Can Ge, Heng Du, Xing Yang and Jian Fang
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4419; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174419 - 7 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1545
Abstract
Water scarcity is a serious threat to the survival and development of mankind. Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) can alleviate the global freshwater shortage by converting sustainable solar power into thermal energy for desalination. ISSG possesses many advantages such as high photothermal efficiency, [...] Read more.
Water scarcity is a serious threat to the survival and development of mankind. Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) can alleviate the global freshwater shortage by converting sustainable solar power into thermal energy for desalination. ISSG possesses many advantages such as high photothermal efficiency, robust durability, and environmental friendliness. However, conventional evaporators suffered from huge heat losses in the evaporation process due to the lack of efficient thermal management. Herein, hydrophilic Tencel yarn is applied to fabricate a three-dimensional double-layer fabric evaporator (DLE) with efficient multi-stage thermal management. DLE enables multiple solar absorptions, promotes cold evaporation, and optimizes thermal management. The airflow was utilized after structure engineering for enhanced energy evaporation efficiency. The evaporation rate can reach 2.86 kg·m−2·h−1 under 1 sun (1 kW·m−2), and 6.26 kg·m−2·h−1 at a wind speed of 3 m·s−1. After a long duration of outdoor operation, the average daily evaporation rate remains stable at over 8.9 kg·m−2, and the removal rate of metal ions in seawater reaches 99%. Overall, DLE with efficient and durable three-dimensional multi-stage thermal management exhibits excellent practicality for solar desalination. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing)
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20 pages, 19743 KiB  
Article
Flexible and Ecological Cotton-Based Dosimeter for 2D UV Surface Dose Distribution Measurements
by Elżbieta Sąsiadek-Andrzejczak, Piotr Maras and Marek Kozicki
Materials 2024, 17(17), 4339; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17174339 - 2 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1225
Abstract
This work presents a 2D radiochromic dosimeter for ultraviolet (UV) radiation measurements, based on cotton fabric volume-modified with nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) as a radiation-sensitive compound. The developed dosimeter is flexible, which allows it to adapt to various shapes and show a color [...] Read more.
This work presents a 2D radiochromic dosimeter for ultraviolet (UV) radiation measurements, based on cotton fabric volume-modified with nitroblue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) as a radiation-sensitive compound. The developed dosimeter is flexible, which allows it to adapt to various shapes and show a color change from yellowish to purple-brown during irradiation. The intensity of the color change depends on the type of UV radiation and is the highest for UVC (253.7 nm). It has been shown that the developed dosimeters (i) can be used for UVC radiation dose measurements in the range of up to 10 J/cm2; (ii) can be measured in 2D using a flatbed scanner; and (iii) can have the obtained images after scanning be filtered with a medium filter to improve their quality by reducing noise from the fabric structure. The developed cotton–NBT dosimeters can measure UVC-absorbed radiation doses on objects of various shapes, and when combined with a dedicated computer software package and a data processing method, they form a comprehensive system for measuring dose distributions for objects with complex shapes. The developed system can also serve as a comprehensive method for assessing the quality and control of UV radiation sources used in various industrial processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Properties of Textiles and Fabrics and Their Processing)
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