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Lubricants
Special Issues
Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings
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Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 2318

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhuxin Tian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Interests: hydrostatic supported system; stability analysis of bearings
Dr. Youmin Rong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: hydrostatic supported system; surface performance of bearings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Minghui Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Electrical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
Interests: hydrostatic supported system; stability analysis of bearings

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue "Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings" of the journal Lubricants aims to offer a platform to researchers for sharing their latest, innovative, and original studies about hydrostatic and hydrodynamic bearings. Both theoretical and experimental studies are welcome.

We welcome both review articles and original research that offer theoretical insights, groundbreaking experimental studies, and innovative computational methods. Such contributions will advance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms across multiple scales. We also invite submissions featuring novel applications that challenge and extend the current frontiers of the field. The scope of this Special Issue encompasses topics including stability, lubrication, structure design, and performance optimization of all kinds of hydrostatic and hydrodynamic bearings. We sincerely invite experts and scholars in the field to contribute their manuscripts, and this Special Issue would be honored to have the opportunity to present your latest research findings to the wider audience.

Dr. Zhuxin Tian
Dr. Youmin Rong
Dr. Minghui Guo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrostatic journal bearings
  • hydrostatic thrust bearings
  • hydrodynamic bearings
  • stability
  • lubrication
  • structure optimization

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 23722 KB  
Article
Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Stiffness and Damping Coefficients of Aerostatic Spindles Considering Rotor Cylindricity Errors
by Wenjing Wu, Longhang Hou, Wenbo Wang, Guangzhou Wang, Guozhen Fan, Guoqing Zhang and Hechun Yu
Lubricants 2026, 14(5), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14050204 - 15 May 2026
Viewed by 166
Abstract
Aerostatic spindles are indispensable in the ultra-precision manufacturing field due to their high accuracy and low friction. However, rotor manufacturing errors will affect the thickness and uniformity of the air film, thereby limiting the improvement and application of the aerostatic spindle. To explore [...] Read more.
Aerostatic spindles are indispensable in the ultra-precision manufacturing field due to their high accuracy and low friction. However, rotor manufacturing errors will affect the thickness and uniformity of the air film, thereby limiting the improvement and application of the aerostatic spindle. To explore this issue, this paper presents theoretical modelling and experimental work. Rotor cylindricity errors were first evaluated based on manufacturing errors, and a calculation model of the film thickness considering rotor cylindricity errors was established. By solving the dynamic Reynolds equation considering cylindricity errors, the dynamic stiffness and damping of aerostatic spindles were obtained. The influence mechanism of rotor cylindricity errors on the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the rotor–bearing system was revealed. The stiffness coefficients Kxx, Kyy, and Kxy are more sensitive to the saddle-shaped errors, and the stiffness coefficient Kyx and both damping coefficients are more closely related to bucket-shaped errors. Regarding the influence of the cylindricity errors’ extremal position, the main and cross stiffness coefficients are sensitive to saddle-shaped errors and bucket-shaped errors, respectively; the main and cross-damping coefficients are sensitive to bucket-shaped errors. Under the effect of three kinds of error shapes, when the rotor cylindricity errors value is less than 1 μm, the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients are conducive to improving the dynamic characteristics of the rotor–bearing system. Multiple rotors were manufactured, and their cylindricity errors were measured, and then the dynamic characteristics of the assembled aerostatic spindles with these rotors were tested. It was found that the dynamic stiffness of spindles with saddle-shaped errors is larger than that of spindles with conical-shaped errors, and the greater the error values are, the worse the rotation accuracy. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical findings, thus verifying the feasibility and validity of the established theoretical model. This study improves the error tolerance design accuracy of rotors and thereby enhances the dynamic performance of aerostatic spindles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings)
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15 pages, 4598 KB  
Article
Performance Analysis of a Novel Shallow Oil Chamber Hybrid Journal Bearing with Adjustable Depth
by Haidong Hu, Youmin Rong, Hailong Cui, Hanwen Zhang, Yu Huang and Guojun Zhang
Lubricants 2026, 14(3), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14030129 - 17 Mar 2026
Viewed by 497
Abstract
A novel shallow oil chamber hybrid journal bearing with adjustable oil chamber depth was designed based on piezoelectric ceramics, inspired by conventional shallow oil chamber bearing structures. The computational fluid dynamics method is used to analyze the bearing characteristics of shallow oil chamber [...] Read more.
A novel shallow oil chamber hybrid journal bearing with adjustable oil chamber depth was designed based on piezoelectric ceramics, inspired by conventional shallow oil chamber bearing structures. The computational fluid dynamics method is used to analyze the bearing characteristics of shallow oil chamber bearings, including the volume flow, the seal oil pressure, load capacity and stiffness. An experimental platform equipped with signal acquisition device and piezoelectric ceramic control device was developed. The eddy current sensors collected the displacement signal at the shaft end. The required voltage was calculated by the displacement signal. The piezoelectric ceramics elongated or shortened, causing a displacement of the same magnitude in the depth of the oil chamber, thereby controlling the radial displacement of the shaft. The adjustment effect of this bearing was verified by experiment for no-load and 500 N load at 200–1000 rpm, with a baseline initial oil chamber depth of 20 and an oil supply pressure of 2 MPa. The results showed that compared with the case without adjustment, the accuracy in Y direction has increased from 8.9 μm to 1.9 μm (max. 78.4%) after adjustment. Under the above load conditions, the displacement can be controlled below 2 μm, indicating a significant improvement in shaft vibration resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings)
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15 pages, 1631 KB  
Article
Modeling and Analysis of the Eccentric-Load Resistance of Single Rectangular Hydrostatic Oil Pad Units
by Mengyang Li, Ye Ding and Jie Wu
Lubricants 2025, 13(11), 471; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13110471 - 24 Oct 2025
Viewed by 812
Abstract
Hydrostatic bearings are extensively utilized in precision and ultra-precision machinery. Owing to the small oil film clearance of such bearings, they are prone to tilting under eccentric loads, which may ultimately lead to bearing failure. To investigate the eccentric load characteristics of hydrostatic [...] Read more.
Hydrostatic bearings are extensively utilized in precision and ultra-precision machinery. Owing to the small oil film clearance of such bearings, they are prone to tilting under eccentric loads, which may ultimately lead to bearing failure. To investigate the eccentric load characteristics of hydrostatic bearings, a typical rectangular hydrostatic oil pad unit was selected as the research object. First, an analytical model for the eccentric load-carrying capacity of the rectangular oil pad was established. This model was then validated through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. On this basis, the static and dynamic characteristics of the rectangular hydrostatic oil pad were systematically studied. The results indicate that oil supply pressure, orifice diameter, and oil pad dimensions exert significant influences on the angular stiffness and angular damping of hydrostatic bearings. Specifically, increasing the oil supply pressure to above 3 MPa can facilitate the enhancement of anti-eccentric load capacity. Under the premise of ensuring static load-carrying capacity, a moderate increase in orifice diameter is conducive to improving anti-eccentric load capacity. When the oil pad area is fixed, adjusting the width-to-height ratio of the oil pad can modify the angular damping coefficient in the corresponding direction. However, the adjustment tends to reduce the angular damping coefficient in other directions, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation in practical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydrostatic and Hydrodynamic Bearings)
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