Recent Advancements in Friction Research for Disc Brake Systems

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 416

Special Issue Editors

Automotive Components Floby AB, Aspenäsgatan 2, 521 21 Floby, Sweden
Interests: sustainable brake rotor material; friction behavior; tribocorrosion; tribological testing and characterization; surface modification for tribology improvement

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Guest Editor
School of Engineering, Materials and Manufacturing, Jönköping University, P.O. Box 1026, 551 11 Jönköping, Sweden
Interests: tribology; wear evaluations; material development; material characterization
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The tribology of automotive disc brake systems encompasses a complex interplay of friction, wear, and heat transfer, significantly influencing vehicle braking systems' performance, safety, and reliability. The tribological behavior of the disc–pad interface is critical for a braking system’s efficiency. The coefficient of friction between the disc and pad materials plays a crucial role in determining the braking performance. The interaction between friction pairs exerts the greatest impact on braking performance across various brake regimes. Factors such as sliding velocity and contact pressure influence the coefficient of friction, which subsequently affects brake noise and vibrations caused by the stick-slip phenomenon.

Notably, the selection of the pad material can significantly influence tribological behavior. Semi-metallic pads increase the temperature over the wear track by approximately 20% compared to asbestos pads; however, asbestos pads experience approximately 2.5 times more material removal during sliding. Similarly, the surface modification and composition of the brake rotor can also alter the friction behavior of this brake component. This observation underscores the importance of material selection for optimizing the performance of a tribological system. Furthermore, it is imperative to determine an adequate coefficient of friction under both cold and warm conditions to ensure the safety of the disc–pad couple when modifying or developing friction materials for automotive applications.

This Special Issue aims to publish novel research addressing recent advancements in friction research for disc brake systems. Original research articles and reviews examining topics within this Special Issue's scope are solicited. Its scope encompasses the following key focus areas.

  • Fundamental study of tribological behavior of friction couples, including modeling and simulation studies.
  • Friction characteristics of brake components.
  • Relationship between disc–pad interactions and thermal and frictional characteristics.
  • Modifying brake pad composition to improve friction performance.
  • Assessing the effectiveness of car brake pads through experiments—rig and vehicle tests.
  • Tribocorrosion and corrosion cleanability evaluation.
  • Altering brake disc surfaces to enhance braking performance.
  • Interplay of the disc–pad couple and brake noise and vibrations.
  • Novel friction couple material: friction analysis, property examination, and evaluation.

Dr. Samuel Awe
Dr. Lucia Lattanzi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • disc brake systems
  • tribological behavior
  • surface modification
  • coating
  • tribocorrosion
  • friction couple
  • wear
  • particle emissions
  • dyno testing

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 2401 KB  
Article
Comparative Evaluation of the Tribological Performance of Al-MMC and GCI Brake Rotors Through AK Master Dynamometer Testing
by Samuel A. Awe and Lucia Lattanzi
Lubricants 2025, 13(9), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants13090380 - 26 Aug 2025
Abstract
The increasing demand for lightweight and high-performance brake rotors has led to the exploration of aluminum–metal matrix composites (Al-MMCs) as alternatives to conventional cast iron rotors. This study evaluated the tribological performance of squeeze-cast Al-MMC brake rotors using an AK Master dynamometer test [...] Read more.
The increasing demand for lightweight and high-performance brake rotors has led to the exploration of aluminum–metal matrix composites (Al-MMCs) as alternatives to conventional cast iron rotors. This study evaluated the tribological performance of squeeze-cast Al-MMC brake rotors using an AK Master dynamometer test and compared it with that of conventional gray cast iron (GCI) rotors. The Al-MMC rotors demonstrated stable coefficients of friction (CoFs) with reduced wear rates, compared to the GCI rotors. Surface analysis identified the predominant wear mechanisms, including abrasive and oxidative wear. The Al-MMC rotors exhibited sensitivity to pressure and speed, with a CoF range of 0.35–0.47 that decreased at higher pressures and speeds, whereas the GCI rotors maintained a stable CoF range of 0.38–0.44. At elevated temperatures, the GCI rotors displayed superior thermal stability and fade resistance compared to the Al-MMCs, which experienced a 40–60% loss in CoF. Wear analysis indicated material transfer from brake pads to Al-MMC rotors, resulting in protective tribofilm formation, whereas GCI rotors exhibited conventional abrasive wear. These findings highlight the potential of squeeze-cast Al-MMCs for automotive braking applications, offering advantages in weight reduction and wear resistance, but also suggest the need for further material optimization to enhance high-temperature performance and friction stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advancements in Friction Research for Disc Brake Systems)
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