Image-Guided Transarterial and Percutaneous Interventional Oncology Therapies

Dear Colleagues,

For years, surgical resection and systemic therapy ± radiation therapy were the mainstay of treatments for primary and metastatic tumors. However, development and advancement of the imaging modalities and improvement of availability of the advanced imaging techniques have resulted in increased precision and popularity of image guided locoregional therapies which are divided into transarterial or percutaneous therapies.

Transarterial embolization was initially the most widely used locoregional therapeutic approach, used to be the mainstay of treatment for cases with unresectable cancer entities. However, transarterial is not the only image guided locoregional therapies and has its own limitation. For those patients with hypovascular tumors or uncertain arterial blood supply, embolization is a suboptimal treatment option, resulting in incomplete coverage of tumor, recurrent tumor, or residual tumor, which could turn into hypoxia or chemotherapy resistance tumor. Also, for patients with limited hepatic function reserve, transarterial are associated with higher risk of liver failure.

Image guided percutaneous locoregional therapies have evolved as chemical, thermal, nonthermal, or percutaneous energy delivery techniques.  Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), cryoablation (CA), laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT), irreversible electroporation (IRE), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), or histotripsy are only a few of image guided percutaneous locoregional therapies have been increasingly utilized for treatment of primary and metastatic tumors.

This special issue of Life Journal will present the current status of imaging-guided transarterial and percutaneous locoregional treatments for different organs tumors.

Dr. Nariman Nezami
Dr. Peiman Habibollahi
Guest Editors

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