The Microbiome in Liver Disease: Current Issues and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (26 August 2022) | Viewed by 2537

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
2. 1st Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
Interests: chronic liver diseases; alcohol liver disease; autoimmune liver disease; gut–liver axis; microbiome; gut microbiota; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; immune system; metabolites

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human commensal microbiome is a complex and dynamic consortium of microorganisms intricately connected to human physiology in health and disease. The liver is a critical immune organ hosting a wealth of immune cells and processing microbial signals originating from the intestine at the crossroads of the portal and systemic circulations. Understanding the interplay between hepatic immunology and the microbiome has shed new light on the pathophysiology of liver diseases with significant epidemiological relevance. There is a wealth of clinical microbiome studies associating liver diseases with commensal microbial alterations. Of immense importance is the step from high-throughput sequencing establishing correlation to mechanistic studies proving causality and paving the way for therapeutic intervention.

The present collection aims to identify recent advances in the understanding of microbiome-liver interactions in health and disease and its impact on the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases, providing an up-to-date perspective.

Dr. Timur Liwinski
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • chronic liver diseases
  • alcohol liver disease
  • autoimmune liver disease
  • gut–liver axis; microbiome
  • gut microbiota
  • nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  • immune system
  • metabolites

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 414 KiB  
Article
The Correlation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids with Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetes Mellitus Patients
by Akhmadu Muradi, Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan, Charley D. Simanjuntak, Dedy Pratama, Raden Suhartono, Patrianef Darwis and Aria Kekalih
Life 2022, 12(10), 1464; https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101464 - 20 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2131
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD affects 20% of DM patients over 40 and has increased by 29% in the last 50 years. The gut microbiota produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that affect atherosclerosis. SCFA [...] Read more.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD affects 20% of DM patients over 40 and has increased by 29% in the last 50 years. The gut microbiota produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that affect atherosclerosis. SCFA inhibits inflammation, which contributes to atherosclerosis. This study tried to link feces SCFA levels to atherosclerosis in people with diabetes with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The study included 53 people with diabetes and PAD: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measured acetate, butyrate, and propionate levels in feces samples (GC-MS). There was a positive correlation between random blood glucose (RBG) levels, peak systolic velocity (PSV), volume flow (VF), plaque, relative and absolute acetate, relative valerate, butyrate, and propionate. This supports the idea that elevated SCFA levels in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients reduce adipose tissue inflammation and cholesterol metabolism, contributing to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. We conclude that increased fecal SCFA excretion is linked to cardiovascular disease. To determine the causal effect correlation of the SCFA with clinical and laboratory parameters for PAD in DM patients, compare the SCFA in plasma and feces, and account for confounding variables, a specific method with larger sample sizes and more extended follow-up periods is required. Full article
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