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Life
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Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition
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Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 December 2026 | Viewed by 2363

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Constantin Munteanu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa” Iași, 700454 Iași, Romania
Interests: hydro-thermotherapy; genetics; physiology; stroke; neurological diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Gelu Onose

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020022 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: rehabilitation; gerontology; geriatrics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Guest Editors are grateful to the many researchers who contributed to the success of the first volume of this Special Issue.

Volume 1: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/life/special_issues/U539FR5KZ2

We are excited to announce the second volume of our Special Issue on “Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition” in the journal Life. This Special Issue aims to gather cutting-edge research on innovative prevention strategies, advanced treatment methodologies, and comprehensive rehabilitation approaches for neurological diseases. The focus will be on interdisciplinary research, including artificial intelligence applications, cellular and molecular therapies, and novel therapeutic interventions that can significantly impact patient outcomes. We invite researchers to contribute original research articles, reviews, and case studies that address various aspects of neurological disease management.

Dr. Constantin Munteanu
Prof. Dr. Gelu Onose
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neurological diseases
  • stroke prevention
  • stroke treatment
  • rehabilitation
  • artificial intelligence
  • cellular therapy
  • molecular therapy
  • interdisciplinary approaches
  • therapeutic interventions

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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19 pages, 1042 KB  
Systematic Review
Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of Polysomnographic Studies and Implications for Neurorehabilitation Strategies
by Laura-Elena Cucu, Laura-Cristina Baciu, Cristina Grosu, Emilian Bogdan Ignat, Carmen Marinela Cumpăt, Mihai Roca, Costin Chirica, Gabriela Popescu and Maria-Magdalena Leon
Life 2026, 16(4), 699; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040699 - 21 Apr 2026
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Abstract
Cognitive rehabilitation represents a cornerstone of disease management in multiple sclerosis (MS), targeting the progressive cognitive decline that affects a significant proportion of patients. Despite growing evidence supporting its clinical utility, rehabilitation outcomes remain variable, and identifying modifiable factors that limit its efficacy [...] Read more.
Cognitive rehabilitation represents a cornerstone of disease management in multiple sclerosis (MS), targeting the progressive cognitive decline that affects a significant proportion of patients. Despite growing evidence supporting its clinical utility, rehabilitation outcomes remain variable, and identifying modifiable factors that limit its efficacy has become a research priority. Sleep disorders are common in MS and have been increasingly linked to cognitive impairment, yet evidence based on objective polysomnographic assessment remains limited, and the specific parameters that influence cognitive function are poorly understood. This review synthesizes evidence from polysomnographic studies examining how sleep disturbances influence cognitive performance in MS patients. Following a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library, 488 patients were included. Sleep fragmentation, reduced sleep efficiency, and oxygen desaturation indices were associated with impairments in attention, information processing speed, and verbal memory, with nocturnal hypoxia emerging as a potentially important mechanism of cognitive impairment. These findings suggest that identifying and treating sleep disorders may be essential for optimizing cognitive rehabilitation outcomes in MS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether addressing sleep pathology can enhance rehabilitation efficacy and preserve cognitive function over time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition)
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11 pages, 933 KB  
Case Report
“Polyradiculoneuritis” as an Atypical Clinical Presentation of Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature
by Elisa Colaizzo, Anna Ladogana, Dorina Tiple, Luana Vaianella, Giuseppe Bufano, Fabio Moda, Daniela Merlo, Eloise Longo and Alessia Perna
Life 2026, 16(4), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16040684 - 17 Apr 2026
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Abstract
(1) Background: Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, and motor and psychiatric symptoms; it primarily affects the central nervous system; however, peripheral nervous system involvement has rarely been described, particularly as an atypical presentation. (2) Methods: A [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, and motor and psychiatric symptoms; it primarily affects the central nervous system; however, peripheral nervous system involvement has rarely been described, particularly as an atypical presentation. (2) Methods: A 78-year-old Caucasian man, a retired farmer with no family history of neurological disease, presented with diarrhea followed by progressive lower limb weakness, which eventually evolved into encephalopathy and generalized areflexia. An initial diagnosis of inflammatory neuropathy was considered; the diagnostic assessment included blood and cerebrospinal fluid testing, a CT whole body scan, brain MRI, neuropsychological testing, electroencephalography, a nerve conduction study and electromyography. (3) Results: Neurophysiological studies demonstrated an acute asymmetrical sensorimotor, predominantly axonal polyneuropathy, initially suggestive of an axonal form of inflammatory polyradiculoneuritis. This pattern was confirmed on follow-up neurophysiological assessment performed three weeks later. Unexpectedly, the diagnostic course ultimately led to a diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, confirmed by post-mortem neuropathological examination. Based on these findings, we conducted a literature review to summarize the current evidence on CJD-related neuropathy. (4) Conclusions: Our case emphasizes the importance of maintaining clinical suspicion for CJD even in patients presenting with progressive lower limb weakness and suggests that peripheral neuropathy may be concomitant or even precede the CNS manifestations. Careful consideration is required to avoid misdiagnosis of inflammatory neuropathy in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as CJD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 934 KB  
Systematic Review
Mirror Therapy Versus Motor Imagery in Stroke Neurorehabilitation: A Systematic Review with Comparative Narrative Synthesis
by Luis Polo-Ferrero, Javier Torres-Alonso, Juan Luis Sánchez-González, Sara Hernández-Rubia, Arturo Dávila-Marcos, María Agudo Juan, Javier Oltra-Cucarella and Rubén Pérez-Elvira
Life 2026, 16(2), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/life16020306 - 10 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Background: Motor imagery (MI) and mirror therapy (MT) are widely used neurorehabilitation strategies to enhance motor recovery after stroke and are commonly applied as adjuncts to conventional rehabilitation therapy (CRT). However, direct comparative evidence between these interventions remains limited. This systematic review compared [...] Read more.
Background: Motor imagery (MI) and mirror therapy (MT) are widely used neurorehabilitation strategies to enhance motor recovery after stroke and are commonly applied as adjuncts to conventional rehabilitation therapy (CRT). However, direct comparative evidence between these interventions remains limited. This systematic review compared the effects of MI and MT on motor function, functional performance, spasticity, and gait-related outcomes in adults after stroke. Methods: A systematic comparative review with narrative synthesis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251274308). PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were searched up to July 2025. Clinical trials directly comparing MI and MT in adults with stroke were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, and risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Results: Six clinical trials involving 206 participants were included. Both MI and MT were associated with significant pre–post improvements across motor function, functional performance, spasticity, and gait-related outcomes. Between-group comparisons yielded heterogeneous findings, with no consistent evidence supporting the superiority of either intervention. Isolated advantages of MI were reported for specific upper-limb subdomains, but these effects were not consistently replicated. Overall methodological quality ranged from low to moderate, and all included studies were judged to be at high risk of bias according to the RoB 2 tool. Conclusions: MI and MT appear to provide comparable benefits for motor and functional recovery after stroke when used as adjuncts to CRT. Current evidence does not support the preferential use of one intervention, highlighting the need for well-designed trials with improved methodological rigor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neurological Diseases: Prevention, Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation—2nd Edition)
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