Impact of Circulating Ketones on Physiology

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Physiology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2024) | Viewed by 3407

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Department of Kinesiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
Interests: nutrition; exercise; firefighter health and performance; cardiovascular health; stress
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A Special Issue has been set up to incorporate papers that illustrate the consequences of elevating ketone levels on physiological changes in animal or human models. This Special Issue, edited by Dr. Maleah Winkler, will focus on the physiological effects that occur due to dietary alterations (i.e., ketogenic diet, prolonged fasting) or ketone supplementation. Beta-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone molecule that is measured in the blood to determine ketone status as well as commonly found in supplements, has been shown to act as both a signaling molecule and fuel source for extra-hepatic tissues. As a signaling molecule, beta-hydroxybutyrate has been shown to possibly reduce inflammation and sympathetic activation, while as a fuel source, it has been shown to improve tissue health, and cognitive and exercise performance. More studies revolving around these concepts would allow more depth and understanding to this popular topic. This issue seeks to exhibit related physiological commonalities as well as controversies that experts are finding after increasing circulating ketone levels

Dr. Maleah Winkler
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • ketones
  • ketone supplementation
  • beta-hydroxybutyrate
  • ketogenic diet
  • fasting

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

21 pages, 1575 KiB  
Review
Impact of the Ketogenic Diet on Neurological Diseases: A Review
by Carmen Rubio, Alejandro López-Landa, Hector Romo-Parra and Moisés Rubio-Osornio
Life 2025, 15(1), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15010071 - 9 Jan 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2949
Abstract
Background: The ketogenic diet (KD), high in fat and low in carbohydrates, was introduced in the 1920s as a non-pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, beneficial effects have been observed in neurological diseases such as [...] Read more.
Background: The ketogenic diet (KD), high in fat and low in carbohydrates, was introduced in the 1920s as a non-pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. Although its mechanism of action is not fully understood, beneficial effects have been observed in neurological diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Objective: This review examines the impact of the ketogenic diet and its molecular and neuroglial effects as a complementary therapy for neurological diseases. Discussion: KD is associated with neuroprotective and antioxidant effects that improve mitochondrial function, regulate neurotransmitter flow, and reduce neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Glial cells play an essential role in the utilization of ketone bodies (KBs) within the central nervous system’s metabolism, particularly during ketosis induced by the KD. Thus, the KD represents a broad and promising strategy that involves both neurons and glial cells, with a molecular impact on brain metabolism and neuroinflammatory homeostasis. Conclusion: Multiple molecular mechanisms have been identified to explain the benefits of the KD in neurological diseases; however, further experimental and clinical studies are needed to address various molecular pathways in order to achieve conclusive results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Circulating Ketones on Physiology)
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