Current Updates on Equidae Breeding and Genetics

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 419

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
E.T.S. de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. de Utrera, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
Interests: conservation and breeding programs; breeding values prediction; population genetic structure; horse breeding and selection
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: conservation and breeding programs; breeding value prediction; population genetic structure; genetic robustness; horse breeding and selection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The genetic improvement of equidae populations presents unique challenges due to specie-specific characteristics such as long generation intervals, the low heritability of certain traits of interest and complex environmental influences on performance controls, including rider–horse interactions. Despite these challenges, modern breeding programs have evolved beyond traditional selection for performance and conformation to incorporate traits related to fertility, health, longevity and/or behavior. Today, optimized selection strategies that integrate genealogical and genomic information are essential for achieving sustainable breeding and conservation goals. Also, the precision livestock farming techniques provide new phenotypes that are useful for breeding programs. Moreover, comprehensive studies on breeding-related traits contribute to efficient selection by breeders.

Additionally, we encourage submissions on donkeys and mules, which are historically underrepresented in the scientific research. With their populations declining worldwide, studies on issues related to their breeding and genetics are welcomed.

Population and genomic studies provide critical insights into genetic diversity, population structure and breed evolution, offering valuable tools for informed conservation and selective breeding. Understanding the genomic architecture of equidae breeds enables the identification of genetic markers associated with desirable traits and the development of innovative breeding strategies to enhance health, welfare and athletic performance, all of which are of great interest to the equidae sector at an international level.

This Special Issue invites original research articles and reviews exploring quantitative, molecular and genomic genetics in equidae populations, as well as other analyses related to breeding improvement and conservation. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, genetic evaluations for performance traits, disease susceptibility, hereditary disorders, breed diversity, evolutionary history and conservation strategies for endangered populations. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. María Dolores Gómez
Dr. Isabel Cervantes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • complex trait
  • selection
  • animal welfare
  • genomic inbreeding
  • horse
  • donkey
  • mule

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 492 KB  
Article
The Role of Genetic and Environmental Factors in White Leg Markings: Prevalence and Heritability Analysis in Pura Raza Española Horses
by Ana Encina, María José Sánchez-Guerrero, Manuel Ligero, Arantxa Rodríguez-Sainz de los Terreros and Mercedes Valera
Life 2025, 15(11), 1661; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15111661 - 23 Oct 2025
Viewed by 286
Abstract
White leg markings in horses are phenotypic traits influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study analyzed their prevalence, symmetry, and genetic parameters in 38,825 Pura Raza Española (PRE) horses registered in the official studbook. White markings were scored using a binary (affected/unaffected) [...] Read more.
White leg markings in horses are phenotypic traits influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study analyzed their prevalence, symmetry, and genetic parameters in 38,825 Pura Raza Española (PRE) horses registered in the official studbook. White markings were scored using a binary (affected/unaffected) and a four-level ordinal scale. Most horses (38,341 out of 38,825; 98.8%) had at least one limb without white markings. The prevalence of white markings was higher in the hindlegs (17.9% LH; 14.5% RH) than in the forelegs (5.3% LF; 4.6% RF). Markings were most frequent above the fetlock (≈64%), chestnut horses showed the highest prevalence, whereas black coats showed the lowest. Genetic analyses using Bayesian animal models revealed moderate-to-high heritabilities, ranging from 0.488 for Right hindlegs to 0.574 for Left hindlegs in the multinomial model, which outperformed the dichotomous model (h2 = 0.030–0.515 for all legs and left foreleg, respectively). Additive genetic variance was highest in the left hindleg (σ2u = 7.904). Genetic correlations were high between contralateral homologous limbs (0.991 forelegs; 0.995 hindlegs), confirming strong bilateral genetic control, while diagonal correlations were lower (≈0.886). These findings confirm a substantial genetic component underlying white leg markings in PRE horses and highlight the importance of refined phenotyping and genetic evaluations for breeding strategies, particularly when markings are penalized as in the PRE breeding program. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Updates on Equidae Breeding and Genetics)
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