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Life
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The Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases
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The Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 4240

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carlos A. C. Dias Junior

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
Interests: cardiovascular pharmacology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases are challenging conditions that result in suffering and serious complications for vulnerable patients if left untreated. Thus, there is a need to search for new treatments with minor adverse reactions to update existing treatment methods. Therefore, we invite researchers to submit new results or revisions to this Special Issue, which will share current findings regarding the effects of pharmacological agents on cardiovascular disorders.

This Special Issue focuses on understanding the potential treatments for hypertension, pregnancy hypertension, obesity, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and related cardiovascular diseases that affect the cardiovascular system.

The disturbances of enzymatic systems in the blood vessels, heart, and kidney that lead to cardiovascular dysfunctions could be the target of new treatments.

Dr. Carlos A. C. Dias Junior
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nitric oxide
  • hydrogen sulfide
  • reactive oxygen species
  • angiotensin
  • endothelin

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 21355 KiB  
Article
The Justification of Open Surgical Repair for an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Retrospective Comparison of Outcomes of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair and a Brief Review of the Literature
by Ümit Arslan, Ziya Yıldız, İbrahim Pir and Çağrı Aykut
Life 2025, 15(3), 426; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15030426 - 8 Mar 2025
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are life-threatening conditions that require timely intervention to prevent rupture. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is preferred due to faster recovery and lower perioperative risk; however, intraoperative failure and long-term complications highlight the continued significance of open surgical repair [...] Read more.
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are life-threatening conditions that require timely intervention to prevent rupture. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is preferred due to faster recovery and lower perioperative risk; however, intraoperative failure and long-term complications highlight the continued significance of open surgical repair (OSR) and the need for improved risk assessment. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 210 patients who underwent EVAR (n = 163) or OSR (n = 47) at a single center. Clinical characteristics, complications, reintervention rates, and 30-day mortality were recorded. EVAR-to-OSR conversion and mortality predictors in AAA treatments were identified. Results: The overall mortality rate was 9.5% (20/210 patients), with 12 patients (7.3%) in the EVAR group and 8 patients (17%) in the OSR group (p = 0.085). Five patients required early and six required late conversion to open surgery. In follow-ups beyond 30 days, the reintervention rate for EVAR was higher (HR: 1.2, 95% CI: 0.4–3.6; p = 0.754). According to the multivariable analysis, rupture (p = 0.045), female sex (p = 0.018), body weight (p = 0.003), and aortic size index (p = 0.019) were significant predictors of mortality, whereas OSR was not (p = 0.212). Conclusions: Treatment optimization requires a balanced approach, integrating both EVAR and OSR based on patient-specific factors. Maintaining expertise in both techniques is essential to ensure the best possible outcomes, and OSR should remain a viable option when clinically indicated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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8 pages, 228 KiB  
Article
Defensive Medicine in an Emergency Department: The Overuse of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin I Testing
by Mohammed Hani Sayyad, Nir Levi, Sharon Bruoha, Todd Zalut, Louay Taha, Mohammad Karmi, Nimrod Perel, Tomer Maller, Netanel Zacks, Maayan Sherm, Noam Fink, Pierre Sabouret, Khurram Nasir, Sarit Bar-Sheshet, Michael Glikson and Elad Asher
Life 2024, 14(12), 1563; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14121563 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1070
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiac troponin I is routinely measured in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. However, when a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) test is ordered without a clear clinical indication, unexpectedly elevated levels can lead to unnecessary diagnostic workups and inappropriate management. This [...] Read more.
Introduction: Cardiac troponin I is routinely measured in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome. However, when a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) test is ordered without a clear clinical indication, unexpectedly elevated levels can lead to unnecessary diagnostic workups and inappropriate management. This study aimed to investigate physicians’ rationale for performing hs-cTnI tests in an emergency department (ED). Methods: In this prospective study, 1890 patients who underwent hs-cTnI measurement during their stay in an ED were included. Upon arrival, patients were classified into two groups based on their chief complaints: cardiac (36.6%) and non-cardiac (63.4%). Forty-seven ED physicians were asked to complete a questionnaire to assess their perspectives on the use of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) testing in the ED. Results: Out of the 47 ED physicians who responded to the questionnaire (94% response rate), 97.9% indicated that the purpose of hs-cTnI testing in the ED was to diagnose an acute cardiac event. However, 38.3% reported ordering hs-cTnI tests in non-cardiac patients due to medicolegal concerns. Additionally, 53% admitted to working under medicolegal pressure, and 50% believe they would have ordered fewer hs-cTnI tests if not for this medicolegal threat. Conclusions: defensive medicine is prevalent among ED physicians, and routine use of hs-cTnI testing as part of an evaluation can be explained in part by concern about liability and defensive medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases)
10 pages, 1667 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation with Optimized Exercise Prescriptions Using a Mobile Healthcare App in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Hyun-Seok Jo, Hyeong-Min Kim, Chae-Hyun Go, Hae-Young Yu, Hyeng-Kyu Park and Jae-Young Han
Life 2024, 14(9), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/life14091122 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1928
Abstract
Background: Despite the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), the actual participation rate in CR is low. While home-based CR offers a viable alternative, it faces challenges in participation due to factors such as a lack of self-motivation and fear of exercising without supervision. [...] Read more.
Background: Despite the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), the actual participation rate in CR is low. While home-based CR offers a viable alternative, it faces challenges in participation due to factors such as a lack of self-motivation and fear of exercising without supervision. Utilizing a mobile healthcare application (app) during counseling may be an effective strategy for patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether 6 weeks of home-based CR with exercise readjustment using a mobile app is an effective therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: Post-AMI patients eligible for home-based CR were randomized into the intervention group (CR-Mobile) and the control group, which followed the usual home-based CR protocol (CR-Usual). Both groups participated in a 6-week home-based CR program, with exercise readjustment and encouragement carried out every 2 weeks. The CR-Mobile group was supervised using data recorded in the mobile app, while the CR-Usual group was supervised via phone consultations. The primary outcome measured was maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Results: Within-group comparisons showed significant improvements in VO2max (PCR-Mobile = 0.011 vs. PCR-Usual = 0.020) and METs (PCR-Mobile = 0.011 vs. PCR-Usual = 0.011) for both groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a 6-week home-based CR program with exercise readjustment using a mobile app can potentially enhance exercise capacity as effectively as verbal supervision. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases)
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