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Life
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Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 22 July 2026 | Viewed by 24146

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giota Lourida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Senior Consultant in Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, HIV and Infectious Diseases Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, 45-47, Ypsilantou St., 10676 Athens, Greece
Interests: HIV; HIV immunology; HIV therapeutics; nosocomial infections; antimicrobial resistance mechanisms; SARS-CoV-2 infection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Paraskevis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece
Interests: molecular epidemiology; viral infections; HIV; public health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the guest editors of this Life Special Issue on "Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus", we invite you to submit your original research on this subject.

HIV medicine is a field with exciting developments and an active pipeline of therapeutic and basic scientific knowledge. The combination of scientific knowledge and its implementation, which has been coupled with engaging communities and state and global entities in planning and allocating resources, has changed the landscape of HIV medicine. However, there is still a great deal of work to carry out in the quest for better treatment and management strategies.

The global management of HIV infections comprises an ever-changing puzzle of basic research, therapeutic developments, social action against stigma, and the involvement of communities and global organizations. It is one of the most multi-faceted and multi-factorial fields in contemporary medicine, with a profound impact on millions of human lives.

From our two complementing sides of the HIV research spectrum, clinical and virology/epidemiology, we invite you to contribute to this Special Issue with your original research or review articles.

Dr. Giota Lourida
Prof. Dr. Dimitrios Paraskevis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • HIV
  • antiretroviral treatment
  • long-acting ART
  • pre-exposure prophylaxis
  • HIV surveillance
  • antiretroviral resistance
  • primary resistance
  • HIV epidemiology
  • special populations
  • cascade of care
  • HIV diagnosis

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 883 KB  
Article
The Prevalence and Predictors of Hypertension and Albuminuria in People with HIV (PWHIV)—Real-World Greek Data
by Vasileios Petrakis, Andreas G. Tsantes, Petros Rafailidis, Konstantia Kantartzi, Maria Panopoulou, Theocharis Konstantinidis, Nikoleta Babaka, Pelagia Kriki, Stylianos Panagoutsos, Dimitrios Papazoglou and Periklis Panagopoulos
Life 2025, 15(11), 1747; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15111747 - 13 Nov 2025
Viewed by 1502
Abstract
Background: After the implementations of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) HIV infection became a chronic condition and the clinical focus on non-AIDS-related comorbidities such as hypertension and chronic kidney disease has increased. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and independent predictors of [...] Read more.
Background: After the implementations of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) HIV infection became a chronic condition and the clinical focus on non-AIDS-related comorbidities such as hypertension and chronic kidney disease has increased. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and independent predictors of hypertension and albuminuria in a cohort of people with HIV (PWHIV) with high rates of viral suppression. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 183 HAART-experienced PWHIV. Hypertension, defined as office systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mmHg and albuminuria, was defined as a sex-based albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) of >355 mg/g for females and >250 mg/g for males. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the association of hypertension and albuminuria with demographic, clinical, and HIV-specific factors. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 43.9% (n = 74) and albuminuria was 22.4% (n = 41). In the multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with prevalence of HTN were older age, overweight/obesity, and diabetes mellitus. TDF-based ART was explored as a potential factor but did not reach statistical significance (aRR = 1.85, p = 0.065). For albuminuria, older age, diabetes mellitus, and duration of HAART (aRR = 1.03 per year) were revealed as independent predictors. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that the development of hypertension is primarily driven by traditional metabolic risk factors. However, the progression to albuminuria appears to be influenced not only by these comorbidities but also by long-term HIV disease and HAART exposure. These findings underline the critical need for the screening and management of hypertension and other comorbidities to mitigate the risk of long-term cardiovascular and renal complications in this aging population of PWHIV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
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Review

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25 pages, 331 KB  
Review
Breaking Barriers to an HIV-1 Cure: Innovations in Gene Editing, Immune Modulation, and Reservoir Eradication
by Ana Borrajo
Life 2025, 15(2), 276; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15020276 - 11 Feb 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 16281
Abstract
Recent advances in virology, particularly in the study of HIV-1, have significantly progressed the pursuit of a definitive cure for the disease. Emerging therapeutic strategies encompass innovative gene-editing technologies, immune-modulatory interventions, and next-generation antiretroviral agents. Efforts to eliminate or control viral reservoirs have [...] Read more.
Recent advances in virology, particularly in the study of HIV-1, have significantly progressed the pursuit of a definitive cure for the disease. Emerging therapeutic strategies encompass innovative gene-editing technologies, immune-modulatory interventions, and next-generation antiretroviral agents. Efforts to eliminate or control viral reservoirs have also gained momentum, with the aim of achieving durable viral remission without the continuous requirement for antiretroviral therapy. Despite these promising developments, critical challenges persist in bridging the gap between laboratory findings and clinical implementation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent breakthroughs, ongoing clinical trials, and the barriers that must be addressed to translate these advancements into effective treatments, emphasizing the multifaceted approaches being pursued to achieve a curative solution for HIV-1 infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
16 pages, 542 KB  
Review
Innovative Diagnostic Approaches and Challenges in the Management of HIV: Bridging Basic Science and Clinical Practice
by Mohd Afzal, Shagun Agarwal, Rabab H. Elshaikh, Asaad M. A. Babker, Einas Awad Ibrahim Osman, Ranjay Kumar Choudhary, Suresh Jaiswal, Farhana Zahir, Pranav Kumar Prabhakar, Anass M. Abbas, Manar G. Shalabi and Ashok Kumar Sah
Life 2025, 15(2), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15020209 - 30 Jan 2025
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5199
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health challenge globally. Recent innovations in diagnostic technology have opened new pathways for early detection, ongoing monitoring, and more individualized patient care, yet significant barriers persist in translating these advancements into clinical settings. This review [...] Read more.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health challenge globally. Recent innovations in diagnostic technology have opened new pathways for early detection, ongoing monitoring, and more individualized patient care, yet significant barriers persist in translating these advancements into clinical settings. This review highlights the cutting-edge diagnostic methods emerging from basic science research, including molecular assays, biosensors, and next-generation sequencing, and discusses the practical and logistical challenges involved in their implementation. By analyzing current trends in diagnostic techniques and management strategies, we identify critical gaps and propose integrative approaches to bridge the divide between laboratory innovation and effective clinical application. This work emphasizes the need for comprehensive education, supportive infrastructure, and multi-disciplinary collaborations to enhance the utility of these diagnostic innovations in improving outcomes in patients with HIV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Knowledge on Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
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