Restoring Mountain Landscapes: Innovative Approaches for Long-Term Sustainability

A special issue of Land (ISSN 2073-445X). This special issue belongs to the section "Landscape Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 782

Editors

Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
Interests: mountain science; sustainable development; sustainable land management; rural livelihoods; ecosystem services; disaster risk management; climate change adaptation; vulnerability; resilience governance

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Guest Editor
Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Interests: geo-spatial technology; quantitative modelling; sustainability; soil and agriculture; agroecology

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Guest Editor
National Society for Earthquake Technology, Kathmandu Lalitpur, Nepal
Interests: farmland abandonment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mountainous regions, covering approximately 27% of the Earth's land area, are home to about 1.1 billion people. These areas are characterized by vast territories, abundant natural resources, critical ecological functions, rich cultural heritage, and significant development potential, making them strategically important for supporting global sustainable socio-economic development. However, challenges such as limited accessibility, fragile ecosystems, high sensitivity to climate change, and vulnerability to natural disasters have long hindered their development, rendering them among the world's less developed regions.

In recent years, to advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), many countries have implemented innovative concepts and policies for mountain development. These efforts have led to transformative changes in landscape patterns, ecological conditions, human well-being, and socio-economic dynamics across mountainous areas. Despite these advancements, current research lacks systematic reviews of these emerging concepts, policies, and practical cases, as well as comprehensive reporting on the evolving trends toward sustainability in global mountain regions.

To this end, this Special Issue seeks to bridge the gap between theory and practice by curating cutting-edge research on sustainable mountain development. It seeks to explore new theories, technologies, pathways, and models that synergize the objectives of conservation, restoration, and development, thereby promoting the long-term sustainability of mountain landscapes worldwide. Topics of interest for this call include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Landscape Change and Socio-Ecological Effects;
  • Ecological barrier construction and Environmental Protection;
  • Land Consolidation engineering and Sustainable Farming;
  • Restoration of Disaster-affected and Mining Lands;
  • Poverty Reduction and Related Industry Development;
  • Settlement Planning and Community Resilience;
  • Territorial Optimization and Socio-Ecological Impacts;
  • Integrated Disaster Risk Reduction and Green Development;
  • Case Studies in Resilient Governance;
  • Case Studies in Climate Adaptation.

We look forward to receiving your original research articles and reviews.

Dr. Ming Li
Dr. Umesh Kumar Mandal
Dr. Suresh Chaudhary
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • mountain sustainability
  • landscape restoration
  • socio-ecological systems
  • climate adaptation
  • integrated disaster risk reduction
  • resilient governance
  • sustainable community development
  • land use optimization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 12041 KB  
Article
Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Optimization of Their Spatial Patterns in a Mountainous Watershed: A Case Study of the Anning River Basin, China
by Junyi Tang, Yan Xu, Qiuxuan Xu, Tianhao Zhou, Xiaobo Liu and Qin Liu
Land 2026, 15(8), 1429; https://doi.org/10.3390/land15081429 (registering DOI) - 8 Aug 2026
Abstract
Assessing ecosystem services, identifying their driving factors, and optimizing their spatial patterns are essential for coordinating ecological conservation and socioeconomic development in mountainous regions. Taking the Anning River Basin in southwestern China as the study area, this study quantitatively assessed ecosystem services from [...] Read more.
Assessing ecosystem services, identifying their driving factors, and optimizing their spatial patterns are essential for coordinating ecological conservation and socioeconomic development in mountainous regions. Taking the Anning River Basin in southwestern China as the study area, this study quantitatively assessed ecosystem services from 2010 to 2024, integrated trade-off intensity into the Integrated Ecosystem Services Index, applied a Bayesian network model to identify the driving factors of ecosystem services, and proposed strategies for spatial pattern optimization. The results showed that: (1) the mean values of water conservation and soil conservation in the Anning River Basin were 94.45 mm and 1179.64 t ha−1, respectively, both showing substantial interannual fluctuations. The habitat quality index was 0.83, and the mean carbon storage was 132.68 t ha−1; both habitat quality and carbon storage declined slightly. The mean food production was 0.46 t ha−1, indicating an improvement in the food production function. (2) The trade-off intensity among ecosystem services was 0.33, and the Integrated Ecosystem Services Index was 0.51, remaining generally stable overall. Ecosystem services were mainly influenced by land use, precipitation, population count, and fractional vegetation cover. Their spatial heterogeneity was pronounced, with relatively low values in the Anning River Plain, the Jinsha River dry-hot valley, and the Yanyuan Basin. (3) The identified priority conservation areas for ecosystem services covered 8307 km2 and were mainly distributed within ecological conservation redline areas and regulated zones. The general functional areas for ecosystem services covered 149 km2 and were concentrated in urban construction areas and along major transportation corridors in the basin. Targeted strategies were further proposed to enhance the synergistic improvement of ecosystem service supply. This study provides theoretical and practical support for ecosystem management in the Anning River Basin and other mountainous watersheds. Full article

Review

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29 pages, 5583 KB  
Review
Research Progress and Paradigm Evolution in Talus Slope Geomorphology: A Bibliometric Analysis Based on Web of Science
by Qingsong Du, Guoyu Li, Fei Wang, Wei Ma and Yanhu Mu
Land 2026, 15(6), 1055; https://doi.org/10.3390/land15061055 - 15 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Talus slopes and scree deposits connect rockwall sediment supply, gravitational transport, footslope storage, hydrothermal conditions, and mountain hazards, yet their literature is distributed across several disciplines. This study develops a manually refined bibliometric dataset to clarify the knowledge structure and thematic evolution of [...] Read more.
Talus slopes and scree deposits connect rockwall sediment supply, gravitational transport, footslope storage, hydrothermal conditions, and mountain hazards, yet their literature is distributed across several disciplines. This study develops a manually refined bibliometric dataset to clarify the knowledge structure and thematic evolution of talus slope geomorphology. We retrieved 971 records from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection, including the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) databases, manually screened their geomorphic relevance, excluded records from the incomplete publication year 2026, and analyzed 548 articles and reviews published during 1966–2025. Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny analyses show sustained publication growth, especially after 2006, and an intellectual base combining slope-process geomorphology, paraglacial and periglacial research, geophysical investigation, and hazard studies. Standardized Author Keywords indicate increasing attention to permafrost environment, subsurface detection, multi-source monitoring, and slope hazards. These indexed patterns support a synthesis of talus slopes as dynamic source-transport-storage systems, while the WoS-only coverage and manual refinement steps define the study’s evidential limits. Full article
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