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Current Advances, Challenges, and Molecular Insight into Subclinical Atherosclerosis
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Current Advances, Challenges, and Molecular Insight into Subclinical Atherosclerosis

A special issue of Journal of Vascular Diseases (ISSN 2813-2475). This special issue belongs to the section "Peripheral Vascular Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 4421

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Tomoaki Ishigami

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Science and Cardio-Renal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Fukuura 3-9, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
Interests: atherosclerosis; inflammation; antigen; antibodies; auto-antibodies; interleukin 5; B1 cell; B2 cell; spleen; tertiary lymphoid tissue
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atherosclerotic diseases are widely recognized as common terminal features of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney diseases in the world. Because the sudden abrupt onset of these life-threatening catastrophic events concerning both the cerebral and coronary arteries is a major element of clinical emergence requiring various resources in clinical settings, this topic should be handled as one of great clinical importance. However, atherosclerotic diseases undeniably develop due to multiple and complicated pathological processes in arteries; therefore, we need to pay more scientific attention to the dissection of atherosclerotic diseases in detail using biologically discovered knowledge. At present, we have constructed the gut–arterial–atherosclerotic axis (GAAA) with splenic B2B cell activations in mice, as well as inappropriate autoantibody productions in humans, one of many current advances, challenges, and molecular insight into atherosclerosis. The translation requirement of this atherosclerosis knowledge into bed-side techniques is necessary to detect earlier conditions and have appropriate treatment opportunities such as “subclinical atherosclerosis”. The current Special Issue of JVD entitled “Current Advances, Challenges and Molecular Insight into Subclinical Atherosclerosis” aims to reveal various characteristics of “subclinical atherosclerosis” using scientific procedures, offering a platform for global experts, scientists, and clinicians to elucidate the complicated features of subclinical atherosclerosis and translational attempts for medical–clinical frontiers.

Dr. Tomoaki Ishigami
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Vascular Diseases is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • atherosclerosis
  • cerebral artery
  • chronic kidney diseases
  • coronary artery
  • diabetes mellitus
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hypertension
  • molecular biology
  • subclinical
  • translational research

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 13321 KiB  
Article
A Network Pharmacology to Explore the Potential Targets of Canagliflozin and Dapagliflozin in Treating Atherosclerosis
by Jin Wang, Dongning Li, Weiwei Ju and Hongli Wang
J. Vasc. Dis. 2022, 1(1), 53-70; https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd1010007 - 1 Sep 2022
Viewed by 2348
Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is an important pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. Canagliflozin and dapagliflozin have yielded impressive results in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated their targets and mechanism involved in the [...] Read more.
Background: Atherosclerosis (AS) is an important pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. Canagliflozin and dapagliflozin have yielded impressive results in the treatment of cardiovascular disease in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated their targets and mechanism involved in the treatment of atherosclerosis using network pharmacology. Methods: The potential targets of canagliflozin and dapagliflozin were gathered from the database PharmMapper. Targets associated with AS were derived from the GeneCards, Drugbank, DisGeNet, and therapeutic target databases (TTD) by searching for keywords on atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Overlap targets were collected by uploading drug and disease targets into jvenn. The cross-targets of the Venny plots were uploaded to the STRING database, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) was constructed with their calculated features, aiming to reveal several key targets. Key targets were selected by using a plug-in of the Cytoscape software. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed using the database Metascape. Cytoscape was used to set up the pathways-genes network. Molecular docking with core targets and drugs was performed with AutoDock. Results: A total of 288 canagliflozin targets, 287 dapagliflozin targets and 4939 AS-related targets were obtained. A total of 191 overlapping targets were found after intersecting. Five core targets, including protein kinase B (Akt1), Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SRC (SRC) and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were collected. Pathways, biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components of canagliflozin and dapagliflozin were found. Conclusion: Canagliflozin and dapagliflozin play a role in atherosclerosis by regulating Akt1, MAPK1, MAPK14, SRC and EGFR. Our research provides further insights into the use of canagliflozin and dapagliflozin in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances, Challenges, and Molecular Insight into Subclinical Atherosclerosis)
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12 pages, 316 KiB  
Article
Lung Function Impairment Is Related to Subclinical Atherosclerosis Only in Active Smokers
by Jessica González, Esther Gracia-Lavedan, Silvia Gómez, Silvia Barril, Pere Godoy, Marcelino Bermúdez-López, Angels Betriu, Elvira Fernández, Albert Lecube, Reinald Pamplona, Francisco Purroy, Cristina Farràs, Ferran Barbé, Gerard Torres, Jordi de Batlle and on behalf of the ILERVAS Project Collaborators
J. Vasc. Dis. 2022, 1(1), 24-35; https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd1010004 - 5 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1559
Abstract
Background: Although an association between lung function and subclinical atherosclerosis has been reported, it remains unclear whether this association is only driven by tobacco smoking. We aimed to assess this in a population with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Methods: We recruited [...] Read more.
Background: Although an association between lung function and subclinical atherosclerosis has been reported, it remains unclear whether this association is only driven by tobacco smoking. We aimed to assess this in a population with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Methods: We recruited 6209 subjects aged between 45 and 70 years with at least one cardiovascular risk factor (excluding diabetes mellitus) participating in the ILERVAS project 2015–2018. Lung function was determined by spirometry. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed with the ankle–brachial index (ABI) and the presence of carotid and femoral plaques measured by ultrasound. Results: A total of 5927 subjects were included: 49% male, median (p25–p75) age 57 years (52–62). Plaques were found in 4337 (73.2%) of the subjects. The patients with atherosclerosis showed worse lung function: median forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 95% and forced vital capacity (FVC) 94% in the patients with plaques vs. 99% and 98% in the other patients (p < 0.001). Adjusted models stratified by smoking status showed that being in the lower quartiles of FEV1 % was associated with carotid and femoral plaques (OR 1.599, p = 0.005; and OR 1.654, p = 0.006), whereas FVC % was inversely associated with carotid plaques (OR 0.967, p = 0.041). A pathological ABI was associated with worse FEV1 (OR 1.971, p = 0.038) and the presence of airway obstruction (OR 1.658, p = 0.015). However, these differences were restricted to current smokers. Conclusions: Lung function impairment was correlated with subclinical atherosclerosis only in current smokers. This highlights the unique role of smoking-related vascular and pulmonary dysfunction in early stages of pulmonary and cardiovascular afflictions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Advances, Challenges, and Molecular Insight into Subclinical Atherosclerosis)
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